Uromyces betae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Channel Islands ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
Uromyces Betae ◽  
Wild Beet

Abstract A description is provided for Uromyces betae[Uromyces beticola]. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On sugar beet, beetroot, spinach beet, mangolds and wild beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris, B. vulgaris subsp. maritima), Beta vulgaris, B. cycla, B. rapa. DISEASES: Beet rust. First appears as small, cinnamon brown pustules scattered over the lamina, which in susceptible plants quickly spreads over the entire foliage causing the older leaves to wilt, wither and die prematurely. The younger leaves remain erect but their blades become crumpled drooping and yellowish. Badly rusted plants with blisters on leaf blades and petiole finally collapse. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Algeria, Canary Is., Libya, Madeira, Morocco, S. Africa); Asia (Israel, Iran, U.S.S.R.); Australasia (Australia, New Zealand, Tasmania); Europe (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Channel Islands, Czechoslovakia, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Great Britain, Holland, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Malta, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Sardinia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, U.S.S.R., Yugoslavia); N. America (Canada, Mexico, U.S.A.); S. America (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Uruguay). (C.M.I. Map No. 265) TRANSMISSION: Mainly by urediospores (McKay, 1952, 44, 566a). Overwinters on seed crop stecklings, clamped mangolds, groundkeeping beet and mangolds. Spores adhering to seed clusters helps to spread the disease. Reports from U.S.S.R. indicate that teliospores retain viability for 2 yrs. in store houses.

Meria laricis. [Distribution map].

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Irish Republic ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Meria laricis Vuill. Hosts: Larch (Larix). Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, USSR, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, New Zealand, EUROPE, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Irish Republic, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, USSR (Ukraine, Byelorussia, Estonia, Latvia, Mori and Tatar ASR, Moscow, Leningrad and Voronezh), NORTH AMERICA, Canada (B.C.), United States (Pacific N.W.) (Idaho).

Ramularia pratensis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Channel Islands ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Rumex Acetosa

Abstract A description is provided for Ramularia pratensis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Rumex acetosa, R. aquaticus, R. acetosella, R. hydrolapathum, R. longifolius, R. obtusifolius, R. thyrsiflorus. DISEASE: Leaf spot of Rumex spp. Round or oval lesions, from (1-) 2 (-3) mm diam., with a distinct purple-brown border and buff centre. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe: Channel Islands, Eire, Great Britain, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Sweden. TRANSMISSION: Probably wind-dispersal by air-borne spores.

Septoria antirrhini. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Andrianova
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Wet Weather

Abstract A description is provided for Septoria antirrhini. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot, leaf drying, defoliation. HOSTS: Antirrhinum antirrhiniflorum, A. majus, A. siculum (Scrophulariaceae). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: South Africa. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. SOUTH AMERICA: Chile, Colombia. ASIA: Armenia, Azerbaijan, China, Iran, Israel. AUSTRALASIA: Australia, New Zealand. EUROPE: Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Ukraine, former Yugoslavia. TRANSMISSION: Not reported, but almost certainly by airborne, splash-dispersed conidia from infected plant debris and seed stocks. The disease is significantly more severe under wet weather conditions (SINADSKIY et al., 1985).

Phoma leveillei. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Kinsey
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Photographic Film ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Alkaline Waste

Abstract A description is provided for Phoma leveillei. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Generally considered a soil-borne saprobe, but capable of acting act as an opportunistic pathogen. HOSTS: Plurivorous, predominantly plant materials. On and from Acer, Arachis, Bambusa, Beta, Callistephus, Camellia, Campanula, Capsicum, Ceanothus, Chimonanthus, Chrysanthemum, Citrus, Cocos, Coffea, Combretum, Convolvulus, Dianthus, Elaeis, × Fatshedera, Festuca, Fragaria, Grevillea, Hevea, Ipomoea, Juniperus, Lavandula, Malus, Myriophyllum, Pinus, Populus, Pothos, Prunus, Quercus, Rhododendron, Ribes, Scabiosa, Skimmia, Solanum, Spinacia, Tectona, Theobroma, Triticum and Ulmus. Also from filaments of Vaucheria, hay, soil, saline sand, sea and fresh water, alkaline waste water and sludge from rice straw pulp, painted surfaces, photographic film, and fish (Salmo). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Egypt, Ghana, Malawi, Mauritius, Nigeria, Sudan. NORTH AMERICA: Canada. SOUTH AMERICA: Ecuador. ASIA: Bangladesh, India, Kuwait, Malaysia, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand. AUSTRALASIA: Australia, New Zealand. EUROPE: Great Britain, Netherlands, Spain (Balearic Islands), former Yugoslavia. TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne, but little else is known of other possible vectors.

Corynebacterium betae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Bradbury
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Red Beet ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Leaf Symptoms

Abstract A description is provided for Corynebacterium betae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Beta vulgaris, both red beet and mangold. Rarely seen on sugar beet. DISEASE: Silvering disease of red beet. Systemic symptoms are first seen on a small percentage of plants 6-8 weeks old. One or more leaves show silvering along the veins. The whole leaf becomes affected and cracks may appar in places in the upper epidermis; these expose parts of the tissue beneath and give a roughened appearance to the leaf. Symptoms spread to other leaves and the plant wilts and dies, sometimes in only a few days, sometimes in several weeks. Lesions may develop on the leaves of healthy plants nearby. These may be either silvery spots 1-5 mm diam., with centres often showing cracks, or a silvery and perhaps cracked band at the edge of the leaf. The spores do not appear to spread, but the marginal silvering extends along the veins and becomes systemic, involving the whole leaf and, eventually, to the whole plant. Plants in flower may show silvering of bracts and seed clusters. Petioles, stems and roots show no consistent internal symptoms. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland. TRANSMISSION: In the seed of infected plants. About 1-2% of the young plants (stecklings) arising from such seed show infection a few weeks after sowing. Transmission from plant to plant occurs both within the seedbed and to neighbouring seedbeds up to at least 50 yards downwind. This seems to be mainly in wind blown droplets in the autumn and may be serious if the autumn is wet. Also readily transmitted on knives used to trim the roots of stecklings before planting out. Various insects, larvae and slugs failed to transmit the disease in experiments (Keyworth & Howell, 1961).

Phialophora cinerescens. [Distribution map].

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Channel Islands ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phialophora cinerescens (Wollenw.) J.F.H. Beyma. Hosts: Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Ontario, China, Colombia, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Mainland Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Russia (European), Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Channel Islands, England and Wales, Northern Ireland, Scotland, USA, Colorado, Oregon, Yugoslavia (former).

Lecanicillium lecanii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zare
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Lecanicillium Lecanii ◽  
Coccus Viridis ◽  
Insect Family

Abstract A description is provided for Lecanicillium lecanii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Insect-pathogenic; the fungus penetrates the body of its hosts, sporulates and eventually kills them. HOSTS: Members of the homopteran insect family Coccidae, particularly the green coffee scale, Coccus viridis. Other hosts: Ceroplastes (Lo & CHAPMAN, 1998), Parthenolecanium (SAMŠINAKOVÀ & KALALOVÀ, 1975), Philephedra (PENA & MCMILLAN, 1986), Planococcus (GONZÀLEZ et al., 1995), Saissetia (MENDEL et al., 1984) and a black Aleyrodes (PETCH, 1925). Cephalosporium coccorum was recorded on Chionaspis and Lepidosaphes in England (PETCH, 1925). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Mainly tropical. NORTH AMERICA: USA. CENTRAL AMERICA: Cuba, Dominican Republic, Jamaica. SOUTH AMERICA: Ecuador (Galápagos Is), Peru. ASIA: China, India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka. AUSTRALASIA: New Zealand. EUROPE: Great Britain, Turkey. TRANSMISSION: Soil- and air-borne.

Cylindrocarpon obtusisporum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brayford
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rots

Abstract A description is provided for Cylindrocarpon obtusisporum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Acacia, Alfalfa, Apium, Camellia, Ceanothus, Fragaria, Gerbera, Grevillea, Lupinus, Lycopersicon, Malus, Phaseolus, Picea, Pinus, Prunus, Pseudopanax, Rubus, Saintpaulia, Solanum, Viola, Vitis, nematodes, soil. DISEASE: Root rots. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Tanzania; Asia: India, Iran; Australasia: Australia, New Zealand; Europe: Cyprus, France, Italy, Great Britain, .Norway, Poland: North America: Canada, USA (California, Utah). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne; slimy spores are probably spread by water.

Phoma epicoccina. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Grass Seed ◽  
Epicoccum Nigrum ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Disease Information ◽  
Irish Republic

Abstract A description is provided for Phoma epicoccina. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS AND SUBSTRATA: Avena seeds, Beta vulgaris, Dacrylis glomerata, Malus sp., Phaseolus sp., Triticum sp., Zea mays, air and straw decaying in soil. DISEASE: Information on pathogenicity is still unclear, but according to Herb. IMI records P. epicoccina has been isolated from necrotic leaf lesions in the Irish Republic and also in UK. It is a common contaminant of grass seeds (Tulloch & Leach, 1972) and beet seed. As the Epicoccum state of P. epicoccina is indistinguishable from Epicoccum nigrum Link (=E. purpurescens Ehrenb. ; CMI Descriptions 680) it is possible that the former could be confused with the latter. From the available data, P. epicoccina could be regarded as a saprophyte or a weak pathogen. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (India); Australasia (New Zealand); Europe (France, Irish Republic, Netherlands, Sweden, UK); North America (Canada, USA, Oregon). TRANSMISSION: The Epicoccum state has been isolated from air and also commonly associated with orchard grass seed (Tulloch & Leach, 1972). Conidia are presumably dispersed by air and also seed-borne.

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