Bactrospora homalotropa. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Bactrospora homalotropa, found on tree trunks and branches, and woody twigs of shrubs, almost always on species with smooth, relatively basic bark. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitat, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (USA (Maine, West Virginia)), Asia (Iran), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Azores, Madeira), Spain (Canary Islands)), Australasia (Australia (Tasmania)), Europe (Ireland, Norway, UK)). This species is routinely used in the British Isles as an indicator when making ecological assessments, specifically as an indicator of ecological continuity, particularly in the west of Ireland and the west of Scotland, and of oceanic and temperate rain forest.

Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Crutarndina petractoides, reported from living bark of smooth-barked trees, especially Corylus avellana. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitat, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (South Africa), North America (Bahamas, Canada (British Columbia), USA (Alabama, California, Florida, Louisiana, North Carolina, Tennessee)), South America (Ecuador), Asia (Singapore), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Madeira), Spain (Canary Islands)), Europe (France, Ireland, Lithuania, Norway, UK)). This species is routinely used in the British Isles and Norway as an indicator when making ecological assessments, particularly temperate rain forest, and specifically as an indicator of ecological continuity, particularly in the west of Ireland and the west of Scotland.


Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Paranectria oropensis, a plurivorous species with very little evidence of host specificity. Some information on its habitat, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (Canada (Ontario), Mexico, USA (Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York, North Carolina)), Asia (China (Yunnan), Russia (Krasnoyarsk Krai), Taiwan), Atlantic Ocean (Spain (Canary Islands)), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia (Karachay-Cherkess Republic), Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine, UK)). No evaluation has been made of any possible positive economic impact of this fungus (e.g. as a recycler, as a source of useful products, as a provider of checks and balances within its ecosystem, etc.). Also, no reports of negative economic impacts have been found.


Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Leptogium britannicum, which is overwhelmingly a ground-dwelling species which tends to avoid highly acidic habitats. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitat, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (USA (Vermont)), South America (Chile, Colombia), Asia (Sri Lanka), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Madeira)), Europe (Denmark (Faeroe Islands), France, Ireland, Norway, UK)). This species is routinely used in the British Isles as an indicator when making ecological assesments.


Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Leptogium burgessii, which, in the British Isles, is most frequently observed on mossy trunks, especially Corylus avellana and Fraxinus excelsior, but also on mossy rocks. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitat, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, South Africa, Tanzania), North America (Canada (New Brunswick), Mexico, USA (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Texas, West Virginia)), Central America (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Panama), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Rio de Janeiro), Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela), Asia (Bhutan, China (Sichuan, Yunnan), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand), Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Azores, Madeira), Spain (Canary Islands)), Australasia (Australia (Victoria), New Zealand), Caribbean (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica), Europe (Ireland, Norway, Portugal, Spain, UK), Indian Ocean (French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Amsterdam and St Paul Islands), Mauritius, Réunion)). This species is routinely used in the British Isles as an indicator when making ecological assessments, and specifically as an indicator of ecological continuity, particularly in the west of Ireland and the west of Scotland, and of oceanic and temperate rain forest.


Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Arthonia ilicina, which is frequently found on living and dead bark of smooth-barked trees, usually but perhaps not invariably in regions with a moist climate. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitat, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (South Africa), North America (Canada (British Columbia, Newfoundland), USA (Alaska, California, Florida, Louisiana, Minnesota, Oregon, Washington)), South America (Argentina, Ecuador, Chile), Asia (Taiwan), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Azores, Madeira), Spain (Canary Islands)), Australasia (Australia (New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia)), Caribbean (Cuba), Europe (Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Ukraine, UK)). This species is routinely used in the British Isles as an indicator when making ecological assessments, and specifically as an indicator of ecological continuity, particularly in the west of Ireland and the west of Scotland, and of oceanic and temperate rain forest.


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Thecotheus crustaceus, which has been recorded on dung. Some information on its habitat, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (Canada (Ontario, Yukon), USA (California, Michigan, New York, North Dakota, Tennessee)), South America (Argentina), Asia (Azerbaijan, Japan, Taiwan), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Azores), Spain (Canary Islands)), Australasia (New Zealand), Europe (Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Serbia, Sweden, UK)). No evaluation has been made of any possible positive economic impact of this fungus (e.g. as a recycler, as a source of useful products, as a provider of checks and balances within its ecosystem, etc.). Also, no reports of negative economic impacts have been found.


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Paratrichophaea boudieri, found on dung of of Przewalski's horse (Equus ferus F. przewalskii). Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Morocco), North America (Canada (Alberta)), Mexico, USA (California, Idaho, Michigan, Wyoming)), Asia (Israel), Atlantic Ocean (Spain (Canary Islands), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia (Leningrad Oblast, Tula Oblast), Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK)).


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Phacellium rufibasis, a terrestrial fungus, apparently parasitic on branches, forming a colony which encircles the branch and rapidly causes loss of vitality of the leaves and twigs distal to the colony, also forming colonies on the under-surface of leaves, causing reddish brown spots. Some information on its habitat, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (Canada (British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland & Labrador, Ontario, Prince Edward Island), USA (Alaska, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New York, Oklahoma, Vermont, Wisconsin)), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Madeira), Spain (Canary Islands)), Europe (Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Latvia, Russia (Leningradskaya oblast), Sweden, UK)) and hosts.


Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Micarea alabastrites. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitat, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (Canada (British Columbia), USA (Tennessee)), Central America (Costa Rica), South America (Chile, Colombia), Asia (South Korea, Turkey), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Azores, Madeira), Spain (Canary Islands)), Australasia (Australia (New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria)), Europe (Belgium, France, Ireland, Norway, UK)). This species is used in the British Isles as an indicator of ecological continuity, particularly in the west of Ireland and the west of Scotland, and specifically of pinewoods.


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Cerothallia luteoalba, a lichen-forming fungus growing on well-lit, sunny trunks of trees with alkaline bark, particularly Ulmus spp. Some information on its habitat, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Morocco, South Africa), North America (USA (Colorado, Washington)), Asia (Iran, Israel, Syria), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Azores)), Australasia (Australia (Western Australia)), Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK)).


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