Assessing vigilance through a brief pencil and paper letter cancellation task (LCT): effects of one night of sleep deprivation and of the time of day

Ergonomics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 613-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA CASAGRANDE ◽  
CRISTIANO VIOLANI ◽  
GIUSEPPE CURCIO ◽  
MARIO BERTINI
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Cancellation Task ◽  
Pencil And Paper

scholarly journals Exploring the clinical usefulness of an electronic diary in fibromyalgia patients: A pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
M. Pilar Martínez ◽  
Raquel García ◽  
Ana I. Sánchez ◽  
Germán Prados ◽  
Kawtar Benghazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Electronic Diary ◽  
Sleep Difficulty ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Pencil And Paper ◽  
And Coping

This study examines the usefulness of an electronic diary (ED) in the monitoring of clinical manifestations of fibromyalgia (FM), compared to traditional pencil-and-paper self-reports.  Fourteen women with FM completed an interview, several questionnaires, and an ED for a week (several times a day) recording pain, fatigue, sleep, difficulty in thinking, emotional distress, difficulty in daily functioning, and coping with the disease, and stress. There were no differences in the symptoms throughout the moments of the day, observing a sleep latency of 45.36 minutes and sleep duration of 6.25 hours. Significant correlations were found between ED measures depending on the time of day, and between ED measures and questionnaires. The ED showed to be useful for the evaluation of FM symptomatology, and can be a key component in psychological intervention programs.

scholarly journals An Examination of Circadian Impacts on Judgments

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 341-353
Author(s):  
David L. Dickinson ◽  
Andrew R. Smith ◽  
Robert McClelland
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
Circadian Timing ◽  
Evidence Strength ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Many people suffer from insufficient sleep and the adverse effects of sleep deprivation are well documented. Research has shown that people’s judgments can be affected by circadian timing. Across three studies, we examined the impact of time-of-day on people’s judgments about hypothetical legal scenarios, hypothesizing that participants responding at a suboptimal time of day (3–5 a.m.) would give higher guilt ratings and be less sensitive to case information (e.g., evidence strength) than participants responding at a more optimal time of day (2–4 p.m.). Although the time-of-day manipulation influenced participants’ self-reported alertness levels, time-of-day did not affect guilt judgments or sensitivity to case information. This research adds to the literature on how extraneous factors may and may not impact probability assessments.

scholarly journals 0311 The Impairments in Emotional Perception Following Total Sleep Deprivation and the Restorative Effects of Napping and Time of Day

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A117-A117
Author(s):  
T J Cunningham ◽  
R M Bottary ◽  
E A Kensinger ◽  
R Stickgold
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Emotion Perception ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Emotional Perception ◽  
Recovery Sleep ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction The ability to perceive emotions is a socially-relevant skill critical for healthy interpersonal functioning, while deficits in this ability are associated with psychopathology. Total sleep deprivation (TSD) has been shown to have deleterious effects on emotion perception, yet the extent to which these impairments persist across the day with continued wakefulness, or if brief periods of recovery sleep can restore emotion perception abilities, remains unexplored. Methods Participants viewed slideshows of faces ranging in emotional expression and were asked to categorize (Happy, Sad, Angry, Neutral) and rate the emotional intensity (1-9) of each face at baseline (2100; Session 1), at 0900 (Session 2) following a night of sleep or TSD, and at 1400 (Session 3) following either continued wakefulness (wake group) or a 90-minute nap opportunity (nap group). Results Emotion categorization ability marginally improved from Session 1 to Session 2 following overnight sleep, however, no changes in emotion intensity ratings or vigilance were observed. TSD led to an increase in error rates during vigilance testing [t(46)=2.9, p=0.005] and impairment in emotion categorization ability [t(46)=5.5, p<0.001] from Session 1 to Session 2, although by Session 3 performance levels on both measures returned to baseline for all TSD participants. TSD also led to a decrease in emotional intensity ratings from Session 1 to Session 2, particularly for the highest tertile of emotional faces [6-9; t(46)=6.1, p<0.001]. These ratings remained suppressed at Session 3 in both the wake [t(25)=7.8, p<0.001] and nap [t(18)=3.1, p=0.006] groups. Conclusion These results indicate that time of day effects, with or without any additional benefit of a nap, can restore the impairments in vigilance and emotional categorization caused by TSD. The ability to discriminate levels of emotional intensity, however, is not restored by time of day or napping, suggesting that this ability is more sensitive to the impact of TSD. Support  

scholarly journals 0265 Cortisol and C-Reactive Protein Fail to Predict Individual Differences in Neurobehavioral Performance Responses to Total Sleep Deprivation and Psychological Stress

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A101-A101
Author(s):  
N Goel ◽  
E M Yamazaki ◽  
L E MacMullen ◽  
A J Ecker
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Recovery Sleep

Abstract Introduction Individuals show marked differential vulnerability in neurobehavioral deficits from psychosocial stress and sleep deprivation. Although changes in salivary cortisol and C-reactive protein (CRP) typically occur across total sleep deprivation (TSD) and recovery sleep, whether these biological markers during fully rested conditions predict individual differences in cognitive performance during TSD and stress remains unknown. Methods Thirty-one healthy adults (ages 27–53; mean ± SD, 35.4 ± 7.1y; 14 females) participated in a five-day experiment consisting of two 8h time-in-bed (TIB) baseline nights, followed by 39h TSD, and two 8h-10h TIB recovery nights. A modified Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) was conducted on the day of TSD to induce psychological stress. Salivary cortisol and CRP from blood were obtained at six time points during the study (pre-study, baseline, during TSD, during TSD after the TSST, after recovery, and post-study). A median split of TSD performance [total lapses (>500 ms response time) and errors] on the 10-minute Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) defined cognitively resilient (n=15) and cognitively vulnerable (n=16) groups. Repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc comparisons corrected for multiple testing, examined cortisol and CRP across time points between groups. Results In both cognitively resilient and vulnerable individuals, cortisol increased with TSD compared to baseline in the morning and decreased with TSD + psychological stress in the afternoon compared to TSD alone. By contrast, there were no significant changes in CRP levels throughout the experiment. In addition, there were no significant time*group interactions in cortisol or CRP levels. Conclusion Salivary cortisol increased with TSD compared to baseline and showed a time-of-day effect with stress during TSD. Notably, cortisol and CRP did not differ between cognitively resilient and vulnerable individuals across TSD, psychological stress or recovery sleep and thus are not reliable biomarkers for predicting performance under these conditions. Support NASA NNX14AN49G.

scholarly journals Effect of sleep deprivation on diurnal variation of vertical perception and postural control

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Martin ◽  
A. Gauthier ◽  
Z. Ying ◽  
N. Benguigui ◽  
S. Moussay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Oral Temperature ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Control Capability

The aim of the study was to test the effect of total sleep deprivation on performance and time-of-day pattern of subjective visual vertical (SVV) and postural control. Nineteen healthy, young participants (4 women and 15 men 21.9 ± 1.2 yr) were engaged in two counterbalanced experimental sessions with or without total sleep deprivation. Oral temperature, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, and visual analogic scale for fatigue, postural control, and SVV were randomly measured every 4 h, from 0600 to 2200. A linear mixed model was used to capture the effect of time of day and sleep condition as factors. A classical adjusted COSINOR function was then used to modelize this daily variation. After the control night of sleep, SVV as well as oral temperature, sleepiness, and fatigue showed significant time-of-day variation, contrasting with measures of postural control which remained stable across the day. After sleep deprivation, SVV showed no diurnal variation, but its mean deviation value increased by 29%. Postural control capability also decreased after sleep deprivation, with a higher center of pressure surface (+70.4%) and total length (+7.37%) but remained stable throughout the day. These results further confirm the negative effect of sleep loss on postural control capability. Even if a direct relationship cannot be confirmed, the disruption of SVV capacity after sleep deprivation could strongly play a role in postural control capacity changes. Sleep deprivation should be considered as a potent factor involved in balance loss and subsequent fall. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The topic of sleep deprivation and postural control is not understood, with discrepancy among results. This study described that postural control displays a stable level throughout the day and that sleep deprivation, even if it increases postural sway, does not affect this stable diurnal pattern. The modification of the perception of the vertical level after sleep deprivation could strongly play a role in the observed changes in postural control capacity.

Effects of Noise on Sleep Inertia as a Function of Circadian Placement of a One-Hour Nap

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Tassi ◽  
A. Nicolas ◽  
G. Dewasmes ◽  
R. Eschenlauer ◽  
J. Ehrhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
Sleep Inertia ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Continuous Noise

The purpose of the present study was to analyse the arousing effects of noise on sleep inertia as a function of circadian placement of a one-hour nap. In a first experiment, we measured the effects of sleep inertia in a neutral acoustic environment after a one-hour nap placed either at 0100 or 0400 on response time during a spatial memory test. In a second experiment were analysed the effects of an intense continuous noise on sleep inertia. The results showed that noise produced a total abolition of sleep inertia after an early nap (0000 to 0100). This may be due to the arousing effect of noise; however, results are less clear after a late nap 0300 to 0400 as noise seems to be ineffective. This result is discussed in terms of either a function of time-of-day effect or of prior sleep intensity. Moreover, our data suggest a possible interaction of noise with partial sleep deprivation leading to a slight deleterious effect on those subjects who did not sleep at all.

scholarly journals ATP and the purine type 2 X7 receptor affect sleep

2010 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 1318-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Krueger ◽  
Ping Taishi ◽  
Alok De ◽  
Christopher J. Davis ◽  
Bradley D. Winters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Somatosensory Cortex ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Extracellular Atp ◽  
P2 Receptors ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
P2 Receptor ◽  
Delta Power

Sleep is dependent upon prior brain activities, e.g., after prolonged wakefulness sleep rebound occurs. These effects are mediated, in part, by humoral sleep regulatory substances such as cytokines. However, the property of wakefulness activity that initiates production and release of such substances and thereby provides a signal for indexing prior waking activity is unknown. We propose that extracellular ATP, released during neuro- and gliotransmission and acting via purine type 2 (P2) receptors, is such a signal. ATP induces cytokine release from glia. Cytokines in turn affect sleep. We show here that a P2 receptor agonist, 2′(3′)- O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)adenosine 5′-triphosphate (BzATP), increased non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) and electroencephalographic (EEG) delta power while two different P2 receptor antagonists, acting by different inhibitory mechanisms, reduced spontaneous NREMS in rats. Rat P2X7 receptor protein varied in the somatosensory cortex with time of day, and P2X7 mRNA was altered by interleukin-1 treatment, by sleep deprivation, and with time of day in the hypothalamus and somatosensory cortex. Mice lacking functional P2X7 receptors had attenuated NREMS and EEG delta power responses to sleep deprivation but not to interleukin-1 treatment compared with wild-type mice. Data are consistent with the hypothesis that extracellular ATP, released as a consequence of cell activity and acting via P2 receptors to release cytokines and other sleep regulatory substances, provides a mechanism by which the brain could monitor prior activity and translate it into sleep.

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