Methane-Bearing Fluid Inclusions as Evidence of the Collisional Nature of High-Alumina Granites, Northern Sikhote-Alin, Russian Far East

Wild ginseng Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. (Araliaceae) is a rare medicinal plant. The aim of this work is to assess the state of ginseng cenopopulations in the Ussuriysky State Nature Reserve, and to search of indicator species of its optimal habitats. The reserve is located on the southern spurs of the Sikhote-Alin ridge in the basins of the Artyomovka and Komarovka rivers. In the course of route studies in the period from 2012 to 2019, phenological observations, description of habitats, determination of the age status and morphometry of 77 plants found in 8 types of forest were carried out. A large part of the finds belong to the cedar forests hornbeam – 44.4 %. Analysis of the species composition of the immediate environment of the relic, performed on 36-meter sites, revealed 41 species of vascular plants. Based on the generalized analysis of author's and literature data, a list of 7 species–indicators of optimal habitats for ginseng reintroduction was selected: Oxalis acetosella, Phryma asiatica, Hylomecon vernalis, Thalictrum filamentosum, Maianthemum bifolium, Galium davuricum, Carex ussuriensis. The number and composition of associated species varies depending on the type of forest. Long-term observations carried out in the reserve have revealed significant changes in the phenology of P. ginseng. In recent years, there has been a shift in the beginning of the growing season, flowering and ripening of fruits to earlier dates. Modern findings of ginseng in atypical habitats are described, indicating a broader ecological amplitude of its growth than was indicated by the first researchers. The age composition of the population is normal, but incomplete, there are no senile, very few mature generative plants, the rise falls on the group of medium-generative plants. In order to construct a vitality spectrum, plants from the most numerous age group in the generative middle-aged state g2 (n = 22) are ranked according to stem height into three vitality classes: higher (> 55 cm), medium (35-55 cm) and lower (< 35 cm). Frequency distribution analysis revealed predominance plants of the higher and middle classes of vitality. The vital spectrum indicates the equilibrium state of the population. Good fruiting and renewal of ginseng indicates the preservation of the species in the protected area, and the compliance of modern conditions of natural habitats to its ecological optimum.

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Hydrochemistry of thermal waters in crystalline rocks of the Sikhote-Alin ridge, Far East of Russia

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20199807006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 98 ◽

pp. 07006

Author(s):

George Chelnokov ◽

Ivan Bragin ◽

Natalia Kharitonova

Keyword(s):

Residence Time ◽

Russian Far East ◽

Far East ◽

Geothermal Gradient ◽

Crystalline Rocks ◽

Thermal Waters ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Sikhote Alin ◽

Associated Gas ◽

The Russian Far East

Low-enthalpy thermal waters (30-50°C) of HCO3-Na and HCO3-SO4-Na types with nitrogen as a dominant associated gas discharge on the southern continental margin of the Russian Far East and traditionally are of great importance for recreation and balneology facilities. All studied thermal waters have meteoric origin and relate to Palaeocene granite intrusions. Based on the chemical characteristics and isotopic composition, thermal waters are divided onto “immature” thermal waters with a short residence time (3H=1.3±0.2TU), and “mature” thermal waters (3H=0.3±0.2TU) originated as a result of a longer evolution history (more than 60 years). The chemical composition of waters is largely determined by water-rock interactions, residence time and the local geothermal gradient.

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Elemental and Sr-Nd isotopic geochemistry of Cretaceous to Early Paleogene granites and volcanic rocks in the Sikhote-Alin Orogenic Belt (Russian Far East): implications for the regional tectonic evolution

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jseaes.2017.06.017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 146 ◽

pp. 383-401 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Pan Zhao ◽

Bor-ming Jahn ◽

Bei Xu

Keyword(s):

Tectonic Evolution ◽

Russian Far East ◽

Far East ◽

Volcanic Rocks ◽

Orogenic Belt ◽

Sikhote Alin ◽

Isotopic Geochemistry ◽

Regional Tectonic ◽

Early Paleogene

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New taxa in Agrostis, Bromopsis, Koeleria and Poa (Poaceae) from the Russian Far East

Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium ◽

10.31111/novitates/2018.49.5 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 5-13

Author(s):

N. S. Probatova

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Russian Far East ◽

Far East ◽

Amur Region ◽

Sikhote Alin ◽

High Mountains ◽

The Family ◽

Intersectional Hybrid ◽

Ussuri River Basin ◽

The Russian Far East

Five new species of the family Poaceae are described from the Russian Far East: Agrostis czernjaginae Prob. (sect. Trichodium) (revealed chromosome number 2n = 42) from thermal springs of Kamchatka, Bromopsis kozhevnikovii Prob. (sect. Rhizomatosae) from high mountains of Dusse-Alin Range in the Khabarovsk Territory, Poa amurica Prob. (sect. Stenopoa) from Selemdzha River in the Amur Region, Koeleria dersu Prob. et Prokopenko (sect. Koeleria) from the eastern macroslope of Sikhote-Alin in the Primorye Territory, Agrostis × lapenkoi Prob. (probably, intersectional hybrid: A. giganteaRoth × A. clavata Trin.) from Ussuri River basin, also in the Primorye Territory.

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A new species of the genus Buvatina (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from the Russian Far East

Zoosystematica Rossica ◽

10.31610/zsr/2016.25.2.314 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 314-317

Author(s):

A.L. Lvovsky

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Russian Far East ◽

Far East ◽

Sikhote Alin ◽

East European ◽

A New Species ◽

The Russian Far East

A new species, Buvatina dubatolovi sp. nov., closely related to the East European B. iremella Junnilainen et Nupponen, 1999, is described from the Botchinskiy Nature Reserve (Sikhote-Alin Range) at the Russian Far East.

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Different-depth gabbro–ultrabasite associations in the Sikhote-Alin ophiolites (Russian Far East)

Russian Geology and Geophysics ◽

10.1016/j.rgg.2016.01.010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 141-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A.I. Khanchuk ◽

S.V. Vysotskiy

Keyword(s):

Russian Far East ◽

Far East ◽

Sikhote Alin

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The geochemistry of water and gas phases from high pCO2 sparkling springs within the northern Sikhote-Alin ridge region (Russian Far East)

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20199801025 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 98 ◽

pp. 01025 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Natalia Kharitonova ◽

Georgy Chelnokov ◽

Ivan Bragin ◽

Hitomi Nakamura ◽

Hikaru Iwamori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Phase ◽

Russian Far East ◽

Far East ◽

High Pco2 ◽

Sikhote Alin ◽

Water Types ◽

Notable Feature ◽

Gas Phases ◽

Isotopic Compositions ◽

High Concentrations

Two types of cold CO2 rich groundwaters are located within the northern part of the Sikhote-Alin ridge: the first type is a Ca–Mg–HCO3 water with low TDS content (≤ 1.7 g/l) and high concentrations of Fe2+, Mn2+, Ba2+, and SiO2, whilst the second type is a Na–HCO3 water with a high TDS content (≈ 14 g/l) and elevated concentrations of Li+, Btot, Sr2+, Br–, and I–. A notable feature of these waters is a predominance of CO2 in the gas phase (up to 99 vol. %) and low contents of other gases (CH4, N2, O2, etc.). The origins of both water types can be identified on the basis of water (δD, δ18O) and gas (δ13C, 3He/4He, 4He/20Ne) isotopic compositions considered in the context of the geology and hydrology of the region.

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Strong Disturbance Impact of Tropical Cyclone Lionrock (2016) on Korean Pine-Broadleaved Forest in the Middle Sikhote-Alin Mountain Range, Russian Far East

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10111017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1017

Author(s):

Anna S. Vozmishcheva ◽

Svetlana N. Bondarchuk ◽

Mikhail N. Gromyko ◽

Dmitriy E. Kislov ◽

Elena A. Pimenova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Tropical Cyclone ◽

Large Scale ◽

Tree Mortality ◽

Russian Far East ◽

Far East ◽

Pinus Koraiensis ◽

Korean Pine ◽

Sikhote Alin ◽

Canopy Damage

Tropical cyclones (hurricanes and typhoons) cause large-scale disturbances in forest ecosystems all over the world. In the summer of 2016, a strong tropical cyclone named Lionrock created windthrow patches in the area of more than 400 km2 on the forested eastern slopes of the Sikhote-Alin Range, in the Russian Far East. Such large-scale forest destruction by wind had never been recorded in the area prior to this event. We examined the tropical cyclone impact upon the forest composition, structure and tree mortality rates on two study sites (1 ha and 0.5 ha in size)—a contiguous windthrow patch site, and a site with partial canopy damage. Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Siebold and Zucc.), Manchurian fir (Abies nephrolepis Trautv.) and Dahurian larch (Larix cajanderi Mayr.) were the primary tree species represented in the affected forest communities. Combined with the partial canopy damage, 7.7% of trees were blown down by the disturbance event. We determined that this one event mortality rate nearly equaled the average mortality rate for a ten year period for these forests (8.5 ± 4.0%) under normal conditions (no large-scale disturbances). Within a contiguous windthrow patch, tree mortality was determined to be 52.6%, which is significantly higher than the cumulative tree loss for the previous 50 years (42.4%). A substantial portion of thinner-stemmed trees (DBH (diameter measured at breast height) < 30 cm) were wind snapped, and those with larger diameters (DBH > 60 cm) were uprooted. Our results indicate that the probability of tree loss due to catastrophic wind loads increases as a result of the decrease in local density. We believe that tree loss estimates should include the impacts within contiguous patches of windthrows, as well as the patches with only partial tree canopy damage. Strong wind impact forecasting is possible with accounting for species composition within the stand sites and their spatial structure.

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