Relaxometric investigations addressing the determination of intracellular water lifetime: a novel tumour biomarker of general applicability

A detailed theoretical investigation of the roles played by classical electron transfer, quantum mechanical electron transfer and classical proton transfer led to the formulation of a new mechanism of charge transfer in the discharge step of the hydrogen evolution re action. The mechanism of charge transfer was shown to have general applicability to charge transfer processes at electrodes. The theory led to the recognition of the resonance nature of the activated state, to the determination of the charge distribution in the activated state, and to a better physical understanding of the symmetry factor, β, in electrode kinetics.

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Isolation of nitrotyrosine-containing peptides by using an insoluble-antibody column

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1250971 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 125 (4) ◽

pp. 971-974 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

M Helman ◽

D Givol

Keyword(s):

General Applicability ◽

Protein Conjugate ◽

One Step

Antibodies to nitrotyrosine were prepared in goats or rabbits by injecting a nitrotyrosine–protein conjugate. The antibodies were purified by using a protein that had been nitrated with tetranitromethane. These antibodies were used to isolate nitrotyrosine-containing peptides from nitrated lysozyme. The nitrotyrosine-containing peptides were thus purified (55% yield) in one step and the positions of nitration in lysozyme were found to be at tyrosine-20 and tyrosine-23. This method is of general applicability for the determination of the position of nitrotyrosine in proteins.

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New approach to hard corrections in precision QCD for LHC and FCC physics

Modern Physics Letters A ◽

10.1142/s0217732316501261 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (22) ◽

pp. 1650126

Author(s):

B. F. L. Ward

Keyword(s):

Hadron Collider ◽

High Energy ◽

Lepton Pairs ◽

General Applicability ◽

New Approach ◽

Lhc Physics ◽

Fixed Order ◽

Obvious Generalization ◽

Single Formula

We present a new approach to the realization of hard fixed-order corrections in predictions for the processes probed in high energy colliding hadron beam devices, with some emphasis on the large hadron collider (LHC) and the future circular collider (FCC) devices. We show that the usual unphysical divergence of such corrections as one approaches the soft limit is removed in our approach, so that we would render the standard results to be closer to the observed exclusive distributions. We use the single [Formula: see text] production and decay to lepton pairs as our prototypical example, but we stress that the approach has general applicability. In this way, we open another part of the way to rigorous baselines for the determination of the theoretical precision tags for LHC physics, with an obvious generalization to the FCC as well.

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Maintenance-Dose Prediction Based on a Single Determination of Concentration: General Applicability to Two-Compartment Drugs with Reference to Lithium

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1002/jps.2600721107 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 72 (11) ◽

pp. 1262-1266 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Cheryl L. Zimmerman ◽

John T. Slattery

Keyword(s):

Maintenance Dose ◽

General Applicability ◽

Dose Prediction ◽

Single Determination

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Determination of 18O by prompt nuclear reaction analysis: application for measurement of microsamples

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1987.63.3.1296 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 63 (3) ◽

pp. 1296-1302 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

S. D. Bradshaw ◽

D. Cohen ◽

A. Katsaros ◽

J. Tom ◽

F. J. Owen

Keyword(s):

Los Angeles ◽

Nuclear Reaction ◽

Biological Fluids ◽

Total Error ◽

High Energy ◽

Alpha Particles ◽

Nuclear Reaction Analysis ◽

General Applicability ◽

Biological Studies

A method is described for the routine determination of 18O concentrations in microsamples of biological fluids. The method utilizes the prompt nuclear reaction 18O(p, alpha o)15N, and 846-keV protons from a 3-MeV Van de Graaff Accelerator are focused on approximately 2,000-A-thick Ta2O5 targets prepared by anodic oxidation from 50-microliter samples of water distilled from blood or other biological fluids. The broad cross section of the resonance peak for this nuclear reaction (47 keV) ensures high yields, especially at small reaction angles, and the high-energy alpha particles produced by the reaction (4 MeV) are readily separated from scattered protons by the use of an aluminized Mylar foil of suitable thickness. Background levels of 18O (0.204 atom%) can be detected with run times of approximately 5–8 min, and the sensitivity of the method is of the order of 0.05 atom %. Experimental error due to sample preparation was found to be 1.7%, and counting errors were close to theoretical limits so that total error was of the order of 2.5%. Duplicate samples were analyzed by use of the 18O(p, alpha o)15N reaction at Lucas Heights, Australia, and the 18O(p,n)18F reaction by the method of Wood et al. (Anal. Chem. 47: 646–650, 1975) at the University of California, Los Angeles, and the agreement was excellent (y = 1.0123x - 0.0123, r = 0.991, P less than 0.001). The theoretical limitations and the general applicability of the method in biological studies designed to estimate the rate of metabolism of free-ranging animals are discussed.

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The determination of intracellular water space by NMR

FEBS Letters ◽

10.1016/0014-5793(85)80082-x ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 193 (1) ◽

pp. 75-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Hadassah Shinar ◽

Gil Navon

Keyword(s):

Intracellular Water ◽

Water Space

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Studies on the mechanism of the antifungal action of benzoate

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj2140657 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 214 (3) ◽

pp. 657-663 ◽

Cited By ~ 214

Author(s):

H A Krebs ◽

D Wiggins ◽

M Stubbs ◽

A Sols ◽

F Bedoya

Keyword(s):

Intracellular Ph ◽

Intracellular Water ◽

Co2 Production ◽

Glucose Fermentation ◽

Water Based ◽

Antifungal Action ◽

Inhibition Of Glycolysis ◽

Cellular Water ◽

External Ph

A method is described for the determination of the pH of intracellular water based on the distribution of [14C]benzoate (0.01 mM) between intra- and extra-cellular water. Benzoate at higher concentrations (2-10mM) enters the yeast cell in the undissociated form, and its neutralization within the cell can cause a shift of the pH of the intracellular water by more than 1 pH unit. Benzoate causes an accumulation of the two hexose monophosphates of yeast glucose fermentation and a decrease in intermediates beyond phosphofructokinase, suggesting inhibition at this stage. Benzoate also causes a concomitant fall in [ATP]. Phosphofructokinase is inhibited to a greater extent than hexokinase at acid pH. There is a relationship between intracellular pH, phosphofructokinase inhibition and CO2 production, suggesting that the antifungal action of benzoate is caused by an accumulation of benzoate at low external pH, which lowers the intracellular pH into the range where phosphofructokinase is sensitive. The subsequent inhibition of glycolysis causes a fall in [ATP] and thus restricts growth.

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Quantitative spectrographic analysis of biological material-II

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A - Mathematical and Physical Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspa.1937.0163 ◽

1937 ◽

Vol 161 (907) ◽

pp. 593-593

Keyword(s):

Standard Method ◽

Chemical Treatment ◽

Plant Tissue ◽

Internal Standard ◽

Spectral Lines ◽

Internal Standard Method ◽

Spectrographic Analysis ◽

General Applicability ◽

Line Intensities

An internal standard method of general applicability has been developed for quantitative spectrographic analysis of fresh plant tissue without ashing or chemical treatment. The method is applied to the determination of boron, line intensities being measured with a wedge. Results obtained for normal plants with 200 mg. of material are reproducible with variations rarely in excess of 10%. A photometer for wedge spectrograms is described. It is designed to avoid the problem of finding the ends of the spectral lines and to give the relative intensities directly.

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