Immigration, social change and assimilation: Educational attainment among birth cohorts of Jewish ethnic groups in Israel, 1925-29 to 1965-69

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOV FRIEDLANDER ◽  
BARBARA S. OKUN ◽  
ZVI EISENBACH ◽  
LILACH LION ELMAKIAS
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Birth Cohorts

scholarly journals Social origin and educational attainment in China: a historical analysis of 70 birth cohorts

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changchun Fang ◽  
Xiaotian Feng
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Educational Inequality ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Social Origin ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The impact of social origin on educational attainment is conditioned on the social context in which people live. In recent decades, with changes in the Chinese society, how has the impact of social origin on educational inequality changed? Based on an analysis of 70 birth cohorts, this study details the effect of social origin on educational inequality and its trends over the past 70 years. The results of this study also indicate that the historical stages hypothesis (HSH) and model-shift hypothesis (MSH) emphasized in previous studies cannot fully describe the historical changes in educational inequality. In addition to macrosocial processes, there may exist other structural factors that also affect educational inequality but are neglected. The social context and its transformation, which shaped the relationship between social origin and educational inequality, need to be examined in more detail.

Secular Changes in the Association of Parental Divorce and Children's Educational Attainment – Evidence from Three British Birth Cohorts

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. ELY ◽  
M. P. M. RICHARDS ◽  
M. E. J. WADSWORTH ◽  
B. J. ELLIOTT
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Parental Divorce ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
World War ◽  
Secular Changes ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Median Level ◽  
Second World

This article examines the secular trends in the overall association of parental divorce (or separation) and children's educational attainment at school-leaving age during the period spanning a quarter of a century since the second world war in Britain. The study presents a reanalysis of data from the three British birth cohorts which studied children born in 1946, 1958 and 1970. Equivalent educational attainment at the different time points is defined relative to the population distribution at the time, using the median level. The relative risks (with 95 per cent confidence intervals) of lower than median educational attainment associated with parental divorce (or separation) are 1.3 (1.2 to 1.5), 1.4 (1.3 to 1.5) and 1.4 (1.3 to 1.5) for the three cohorts respectively. These results refute the commonly held opinion that the effects of divorce on children have attenuated with the increasing prevalence of divorce.

scholarly journals Early Family Life Course Standardization in Sweden: The Role of Compositional Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-798
Author(s):  
Zachary Van Winkle
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Compositional Changes ◽  
Early Family ◽  
Combine Sequence ◽  
Family Trajectories

Abstract The diversity of early family life courses is thought to have increased, although empirical evidence is mixed. Less standardized family formation is attributed to compositional changes in educational attainment, labour market participation, and childhood living conditions. I investigate whether and why family trajectories have become more or less standardized across birth cohorts in Sweden. I combine sequence metrics with Oaxaca–Blinder decompositions to assess the compositional shifts that drive changes in family formation standardization. Family trajectories of individuals born in 1952, 1962, and 1972 from age 18 to 35 are reconstructed using Swedish register data. My results demonstrate that early family formation has become more standardized across birth cohorts. Further, compositional differences between birth cohorts partially account for this standardization, especially for women. For example, higher levels of educational attainment are associated with family formation standardization. This substantiates arguments that family formation may re-standardize following the second demographic transition.

Ethnic Groups and Social Change in a Chinese Market Town.

1982 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Graham E. Johnson ◽  
C. Fred Blake
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Market Town

Ethnic Groups and Social Change in a Chinese Market Town.

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
William T. Liu ◽  
C. Fred Blake
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Market Town

scholarly journals Unequal Associations between Educational Attainment and Occupational Stress across Racial and Ethnic Groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shervin Assari ◽  
Mohsen Bazargan
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related

Background: Although other mechanisms are also involved, at least one reason high educational attainment (EA) is associated with better health is lower employment stress in individuals with high EA. Minorities’ Diminished Returns, however, refer to the smaller protective health effects of EA for racial- and ethnic-minority individuals, particularly African Americans (AAs) and Hispanics, as compared to Whites. We are, however, not aware of many studies that have explored differential associations between EA and work-related stress across racial and ethnic groups. Aims: We aimed to compare racial and ethnic groups for the association between EA and occupational stress in a national sample of American adults. Methods: The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS 2015), a cross-sectional survey, included 15,726 employed adults. Educational attainment was the independent variable. Occupational stress was the outcome. Race and ethnicity were the moderators. Age, gender, number of jobs, and years in the job were the covariates. Results: Overall, higher EA was associated with lower levels of occupational stress. Race and ethnicity both interacted with EA, suggesting that the association between high EA and reduced occupational stress is systemically smaller for AAs and Hispanics than it is for Whites. Conclusions: In the United States, race and ethnicity limit the health gains that follow EA. While EA helps individuals avoid environmental risk factors, such as occupational stress, this is more valid for non-Hispanic Whites than AAs and Hispanics. The result is additional physical and mental health risks in highly educated AAs and Hispanics. The results are important, given racial and ethnic minorities are the largest growing section of the US population. We should not assume that EA is similarly protective across all racial and ethnic groups. In this context, EA may increase, rather than reduce, health disparities.

scholarly journals Educational attainment trajectories among children and adolescents with depression, and the role of sociodemographic characteristics: longitudinal data-linkage study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Alice Wickersham ◽  
Hannah Dickson ◽  
Rebecca Jones ◽  
Megan Pritchard ◽  
Robert Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Linkage Study ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Depression Diagnosis ◽  
Educational Trajectories ◽  
School Year

Background Depression is associated with lower educational attainment, but there has been little investigation of long-term educational trajectories in large cohorts with diagnosed depression. Aims To describe the educational attainment trajectories of children with a depression diagnosis in secondary care, and to investigate whether these trajectories vary by sociodemographic characteristics. Method We identified new referrals to South London and Maudsley's NHS Foundation Trust between 2007 and 2013 who received a depression diagnosis at under 18 years old. Linking their health records to the National Pupil Database, we standardised their performance on three assessments (typically undertaken at ages 6–7 years (school Year 2), 10–11 (Year 6) and 15–16 (Year 11)) relative to the local reference population in each academic year. We used mixed models for repeated measures to estimate attainment trajectories. Results In our sample of 1492 children, the median age at depression diagnosis was 15 years (interquartile range = 14–16). Their attainment showed a decline between school Years 6 and 11. Attainment was consistently lower among males and those eligible for free school meals. Black ethnic groups also showed lower attainment than White ethnic groups between Years 2 and 6, but showed a less pronounced drop in attainment at Year 11. Conclusions Those who receive a depression diagnosis during their school career show a drop in attainment in Year 11. Although this pattern was seen among multiple sociodemographic groups, gender, ethnicity and socioeconomic status predict more vulnerable subgroups within this clinical population who might benefit from additional educational support or more intensive treatment.

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