Morphological Changes in the Small Intestine Following Jejuno-ileal Shunt in Parenterally Fed Rats

1976 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 635-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Fenyö ◽  
D. Hallberg ◽  
M. Soda ◽  
K. A. Roos
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Morphological Changes

scholarly journals Morphological Features Of The Immune Structures Of The Thin Intestine Of Laboratory Animals With Various Characters Of Nutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (09) ◽  
pp. 72-74
Author(s):  
Khusanov Erkin ◽  
Ortikbaeva Nilufar ◽  
Korzhavov Sherali
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Digestive Tube

The nutritional nature of mammals, which has developed during a long evolution, leads to adaptive - morphological changes in their digestive tract and its immune structures, although the general laws of their structural organization are identical. The literature has data on the study of the immune structures of the small intestine under normal conditions and under the influence of certain factors. In the structure of immune structures there are numerous parallelisms, however, in each class of vertebrates, complication of this organization is achieved independently. The small intestine is an important section of the digestive tube, where the final chemical processing of the chyme and the absorption of nutrients into the body take place. However, the comparative morphology of the immune structures of the small intestine in mammals with different nutrition patterns remains poorly understood.

scholarly journals THE BACTERIOLOGY OF THE INTESTINAL TRACT OF YOUNG CALVES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE EARLY DIARRHEA ("SCOURS")

1925 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theobald Smith ◽  
Marion L. Orcutt
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Local Manifestation ◽  
Bacillus Coli ◽  
Enriched Cultures ◽  
Degrees Of Severity

New-born calves receiving no colostrum, or else receiving it after some delay, may die of Bacillus coli septicemia, of which scours is a local manifestation. Calves receiving an insufficiently protective dose of colostrum may become victims of various bacterial diseases such as arthritis, nephritis, omphalitis, and possibly pneumonia. Calves receiving a sufficient dose of colostrum may still develop scours of various degrees of severity due to the local multiplication of various types of Bacillus coli in the small intestine. There exists in the young calf a delicate balance between certain strains of Bacillus coli and the mucous membrane and digestive ferments, which, upset in favor of Bacillus coli, produces scours. The necessary conditions for such attacks are in part inherited defects of the digestive tract, both morphological and functional, and special types of Bacillus coli, resident in the herd and environment. The immediate indications are a great increase in the number of Bacillus coli in the lowest third of the small intestine with a spreading of the invasion towards the duodenum as the disease gains headway. Under these conditions a general intoxication results. The bacilli form layers or films attached to the top plates of the epithelial cells. At this time morphological changes in the cells are not yet recognizable. The vacuolar or hydropic condition frequently found antedates the bacterial invasion and may be present in the absence of bacteria. In mild or recovered cases, during the 1st week a fatty infiltration of the epithelium is not infrequently present. In a large number of clinically normal calves, from 1 day to 3 months of age, Gram-negative bacilli were not present in sufficient numbers to be detected in sections, although enriched cultures, when attempted, revealed them.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE SMALL INTESTINE OF RATS WITH ACUTE GENERALIZED PERITONITIS

2019 ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
I. Ya. Dzyubanovsky ◽  
B. M. Vervega ◽  
S. R. Pіdruchna ◽  
N. A. Melnyk
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Generalized Peritonitis ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Fecal Suspension

The main cause of mortality in acute generalized peritonitis (AGP) is the development of multiple organ insufficiency. The intestine is the organ where the first changes develop in this pathology. The aim of the study – to research and evaluate the morphological changes in the small intestine wall of animals with experimental AGP. Materials and Methods. 32 white rats were used in this study. Acute peritonitis was modeled by introduction of 10 % fecal suspension in the dosage of 0.5 ml per 100 g of the animal's weight into the abdominal cavity of rats by puncture. The terms of observation: the 1st, 3rd and the 7th days from the beginning of the peritonitis modeling. For histological study the intestinal tissue was taken. The resulting pieces of the organ were fixed in a 10 % neutral formalin solution, which were then stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results and Discussion. On the 3rd day of the experiment in animals with a modeled AGP, vascular changes were manifested first of all by the rounding (retraction) of endothelial cells or their desquamation and the appearance of defects, that allow plasma proteins and the formed elements of blood to leave circulation boundaries of the vascular bed. On the 7 th day in animals with a modeled AGP increased vascular permeability of the mucous membrane of the small intestine was accompanied by a significant edema of the stroma of the villi and by focal hemorrhages. Conclusion. Consequently, the distinct inflammatory changes in all terms of the injury were seen in the wall of the small intestine at the simulated AGP. The significant expansion of the capillaries and venules against the background of inflammatory infiltration in the stroma of the glandular component of the small intestine was noted on the 1st day from the beginning of the experiment. An increase in the height of intestinal villus and a crypt with retraction and desquamation of endothelial cells in the wall of vessels, which caused platelet adhesion in the areas of destruction was observed on the 3rd day. The areas of focal necrosis of the superficial epithelium, which were accompanied by multiple hemorrhages per diapedesis in the perivascular space of the mucous membrane, were seen in the wall of the small intestine of animals with a simulated AGP on the 7th day.

scholarly journals Egg perivitelline fluid of the invasive snail Pomacea canaliculata affects mice gastrointestinal function and morphology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías Giglio ◽  
Cintia Garro ◽  
Enrique Caviedes-Vidal ◽  
Horacio Heras
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Nutrient Absorption ◽  
Proximal Portion ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Apple Snail ◽  
Gut Permeability ◽  
Perivitelline Fluid

Background. Pomacea Apple snails are freshwater, amphibious snails native from South America. Some species such as P. canaliculata have become a driver of ecosystemic changes in wetlands and an important rice and taro pest after its introduction to Asia and other parts of the world. Females deposit colored eggs clutches above the waterline, a reproductive strategy that exposes the eggs to harsh conditions and terrestrial predation. However, eggs have no reported predators in their native range, probably by the acquisition of unparalleled biochemical defenses based on a set of proteins (perivitellins) that nourish embryos and protect them from predators and abiotic factors. Notably, ingestion of egg perivitelline fluid (PVF) decreases rat growth rate and alters their gastrointestinal morphology. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of apple snail egg PVF on mice gut digestive activity, morphology and nutrient absorption. Methods. Carbohydrate digestion by intestinal disaccharidases (sucrase-isomaltase and maltase-glucoamilase) was evaluated ex vivo in mice gavaged with 1 or 4 doses of PVF. Gut morphological changes and absorptive surface were also determined. In addition, alteration on nutrient absorption rates, transport pathways and intestinal permeability was evaluated by luminal perfusions of small intestine with radiolabeled L-proline (absorbed by paracellular and transcellular pathways) and L-arabinose (absorbed exclusively by paracellular pathway). Results. PVF affected mice which displayed large morphological changes in the small intestine epithelium inducing the appearance of shorter and wider villi as well as fused villi. This resulted in a diminished absorptive surface, notably in the proximal portion. Likewise, the activity of disaccharidases diminished in the proximal portion of the intestine. Total absorption of L-proline increased in treated mice in a dose-dependent manner. There were no differences neither in the ratio paracellular-to-transcellular absorption of L-proline nor in gut permeability as revealed by the clearance of L-arabinose. Discussion. Oral administration of apple snail PVF to mice adversely alters gut morphophysiology by reducing the intestinal absorptive surface, affecting enzymes of sugar metabolism and increasing the absorption rate of nutrients without affecting the relative contribution of the absorption pathways or gut permeability. These results further support the notion that Pomacea snail eggs possess a passive anti-predator defense targeting the digestive system

scholarly journals Egg perivitelline fluid of the invasive snail Pomacea canaliculata affects mice gastrointestinal function and morphology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías Giglio ◽  
Cintia Garro ◽  
Enrique Caviedes-Vidal ◽  
Horacio Heras
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Nutrient Absorption ◽  
Proximal Portion ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Apple Snail ◽  
Gut Permeability ◽  
Perivitelline Fluid

Background. Pomacea Apple snails are freshwater, amphibious snails native from South America. Some species such as P. canaliculata have become a driver of ecosystemic changes in wetlands and an important rice and taro pest after its introduction to Asia and other parts of the world. Females deposit colored eggs clutches above the waterline, a reproductive strategy that exposes the eggs to harsh conditions and terrestrial predation. However, eggs have no reported predators in their native range, probably by the acquisition of unparalleled biochemical defenses based on a set of proteins (perivitellins) that nourish embryos and protect them from predators and abiotic factors. Notably, ingestion of egg perivitelline fluid (PVF) decreases rat growth rate and alters their gastrointestinal morphology. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of apple snail egg PVF on mice gut digestive activity, morphology and nutrient absorption. Methods. Carbohydrate digestion by intestinal disaccharidases (sucrase-isomaltase and maltase-glucoamilase) was evaluated ex vivo in mice gavaged with 1 or 4 doses of PVF. Gut morphological changes and absorptive surface were also determined. In addition, alteration on nutrient absorption rates, transport pathways and intestinal permeability was evaluated by luminal perfusions of small intestine with radiolabeled L-proline (absorbed by paracellular and transcellular pathways) and L-arabinose (absorbed exclusively by paracellular pathway). Results. PVF affected mice which displayed large morphological changes in the small intestine epithelium inducing the appearance of shorter and wider villi as well as fused villi. This resulted in a diminished absorptive surface, notably in the proximal portion. Likewise, the activity of disaccharidases diminished in the proximal portion of the intestine. Total absorption of L-proline increased in treated mice in a dose-dependent manner. There were no differences neither in the ratio paracellular-to-transcellular absorption of L-proline nor in gut permeability as revealed by the clearance of L-arabinose. Discussion. Oral administration of apple snail PVF to mice adversely alters gut morphophysiology by reducing the intestinal absorptive surface, affecting enzymes of sugar metabolism and increasing the absorption rate of nutrients without affecting the relative contribution of the absorption pathways or gut permeability. These results further support the notion that Pomacea snail eggs possess a passive anti-predator defense targeting the digestive system

scholarly journals PAMK Relieves LPS-Induced Enteritis and Improves Intestinal Flora Disorder in Goslings

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Wanyan Li ◽  
Xuelian Xiang ◽  
Bingxin Li ◽  
Yifei Wang ◽  
Long Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Atractylodes Macrocephala ◽  
Serum Crp ◽  
The Impact

Polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (PAMK) is a biologically active component of Atractylodes macrocephala, which has the effect of maintaining the immune homeostasis of the body. Therefore, this study constructed a model of PAMK to relieve LPS-induced gosling enteritis and observed the morphological changes of the small intestine after HE staining. ELISA was used to detect serum CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels; immunohistochemistry was used to detect the positive rate of IgA in the small intestine; TLR4, occludin, ZO-1, cytokines, and immunoglobulin mRNA expression in the small intestine were detected by qPCR; and intestinal flora of gosling excrement was analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing to analyze the protective effect of PAMK on goslings enteritis and the impact on intestinal flora. The results showed that PAMK relieves LPS-induced gosling enteritis by maintaining the small intestine morphology, cytokine, tight junctions, and immunoglobulin relatively stable and improving the disorder of intestinal flora.

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