The Ineffectiveness of “Effective” Management Strategies: First-Year Teachers, Behavior Management, and Identity

This descriptive, mixed methods study of one interim certification program explores first year urban teachers’ classroom management actions. This study investigates what strategies teachers implement to manage the classroom from programmatic surveys of 87 first-year teachers and interviews, field visits, video recordings, and journals of five case participants. Results indicate that teachers used behavioral, academic, and relational strategies to manage the classroom and they tend to refine several of these actions over time. Findings suggest that teacher preparation should promote beginning teachers to implement a range of classroom management strategies and support teachers in how to refine their actions.

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Association between Cardiologist Consultation and Mortality of Stable Patients with Elevated Cardiac Troponin at Admission

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11122229 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 2229

Author(s):

Ah Ran Oh ◽

Jungchan Park ◽

Sooyeon Lee ◽

Kwangmo Yang ◽

Jin-Ho Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Cardiac Troponin ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Management Strategies ◽

First Year ◽

Effective Management ◽

Consultation Group ◽

One Year ◽

Outcome Mortality

Elevated cardiac troponin (cTn) showed associations with mortality even in stable patients, but management has not been established. We aimed to investigate whether consultation to cardiologists could reduce mortality of stable patients with cTn elevation at admission. We identified 1329 patients with elevated cTn level at hospitalization from outpatient clinic to any department other than cardiology or cardiac surgery between April 2010 and December 2018. The patients were divided into two groups according to cardiologist consultation at admission. For primary outcome, mortality during one year was compared in the crude and propensity-score-matched populations. In 1329 patients, 397 (29.9%) were consulted to cardiologists and 932 (70.1%) were not. Mortality during the first year was significantly lower in patients consulted to cardiologists compared with those who were not (9.8% vs. 14.2%; hazard ratio (HR), 0.50; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.35–0.72; p < 0.001). After propensity-score matching, 324 patients were in the cardiologist consultation group and 560 patients were in the no cardiologist consultation group. One-year mortality was consistently lower in the cardiologist consultation group (10.5% vs. 14.6%; HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39–0.86; p = 0.01). Cardiologist consultation may be associated with lower mortality in stable patients with cTn elevation at admission. Further studies are needed to identify effective management strategies for stable patients with elevated cTn.

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A Model for Addressing Crisis Behavior in Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder Within a Functional and Contextual Framework

The Oxford Handbook of Autism and Co-Occurring Psychiatric Conditions ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190910761.013.20 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 386-407

Author(s):

Bryan H. King ◽

Agnieszka Rynkiewicz ◽

Małgorzata Janas-Kozik ◽

Marta Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Behavior Management ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Behavior Intervention Plan ◽

Intervention Plan ◽

Contextual Framework ◽

Multiple Issues ◽

Crisis Behavior

This chapter provides a model that extends the current resources available for crisis behavior assessment and intervention for youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and co-occurring psychiatric conditions who are in crisis stabilization settings. Visual diagrams and intervention materials incorporated into this chapter illustrate the use of both preventative and responsive behavior management strategies that can be implemented in a time of crisis to stabilize and treat the psychiatric patient with ASD. The chapter begins with a review of a contextual method for evaluating and understanding the function of the presenting crisis behavior by considering the multiple issues that can underlie the crisis presentation. Working from this contextual model, the chapter then provides a blueprint for implementing intervention strategies to address crisis behaviors. This includes a table illustrating key elements to consider when developing a behavior intervention plan for dissemination and generalization.

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It Has Not Been a Good Day: Managing Difficult Behaviors of Relatives With Dementia

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2192 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 639-639

Author(s):

Karen Roberto ◽

Brandy Renee McCann ◽

Tina Savla ◽

Emily Hoyt ◽

Rosemary Blieszner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Behavior Management ◽

Service Providers ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Educational Interventions ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Behavior Understanding ◽

Supportive Environment ◽

Memory Problems ◽

Appropriate Care ◽

With Memory

Abstract Most family caregivers provide appropriate care and a supportive environment for their older relatives with dementia (PwD), yet the stress and strain associated with caregiving can trigger potentially harmful responses. Although much has been written about dealing with memory problems, researchers know less about how caregivers cope with difficult behaviors such as hallucinations, violent outbursts, or refusing food, medicine, or bathing. Interviews with 30 relatives providing care to community-dwelling PwD in rural Virginia revealed that caregivers typically used four behavior management strategies: reasoning with PwD; redirecting PwD’s attention; forceful actions, such as shouting at PwD; and withdrawing from interactions. Forceful management strategies and withdrawing from interactions were usually employed after reasoning and redirection failed to elicit desired behavior. Understanding whether caregivers’ expectations of PwD’s capacities are realistic, and why and when caregivers use various behavior management strategies, can help service providers develop appropriate educational interventions for frustrated caregivers.

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Formatively assessing prospective teachers’ skills in leading mathematics discussions

Educational Studies in Mathematics ◽

10.1007/s10649-021-10070-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Meghan Shaughnessy ◽

Nicole M. Garcia ◽

Michaela Krug O’Neill ◽

Sarah Kate Selling ◽

Amber T. Willis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elementary Teachers ◽

Formative Assessment ◽

Conceptual Understanding ◽

Prospective Teachers ◽

First Year ◽

Teacher Education Programs ◽

First Year Teachers ◽

Education Programs ◽

Prospective Elementary Teachers ◽

Making Sense

AbstractMathematics discussions are important for helping students to develop conceptual understanding and to learn disciplinary norms and practices. In recent years, there has been increased attention to teaching prospective teachers to lead discussions with students. This paper examines the possibilities of designing a formative assessment that gathers information about prospective elementary teachers’ skills with leading problem-based mathematics discussions and makes sense of such information. A decomposition of the practice of leading discussions was developed and used to design the assessment. Nine first-year teachers who graduated from a range of different teacher education programs participated in the study. The findings reveal that our formative assessment works to gather information about teachers’ capabilities with leading discussions and that the associated tools support making sense of the information gathered. This suggests that such tools could be useful to support the formative assessment of the developing capabilities of prospective teachers.

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What Trainee Teachers and Teachers Should Know About Aboriginal Children.

The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education ◽

10.1017/s0310582200010725 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 29-32

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Aboriginal Education ◽

First Year ◽

First Year Teachers ◽

Trainee Teachers ◽

Aboriginal Students ◽

South Wales ◽

Aboriginal Children ◽

Consultative Group

The New South Wales Aboriginal Education Consultative Group feels that more emphasis needs to be placed on the training of teachers in regards to Aboriginal education.Many first year teachers are sent to country areas with a relatively high percentage of Aboriginal students. In the main, these teachers have had little or no contact with Aboriginal children or parents.

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Survival and Inoculum Production of Gibberella zeae in Wheat Residue

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2004.88.7.724 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 88 (7) ◽

pp. 724-730 ◽

Cited By ~ 91

Author(s):

S. A. Pereyra ◽

R. Dill-Macky ◽

A. L. Sims

Keyword(s):

Management Strategies ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Gibberella Zeae ◽

Effective Management ◽

Head Blight ◽

Fusarium Spp ◽

Residue Decomposition ◽

Inoculum Production ◽

Mesh Bags

Survival and inoculum production of Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch (anamorph Fusarium graminearum (Schwabe)), the causal agent of Fusarium head blight of wheat and barley, was related to the rate of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) residue decomposition. Infested wheat residue, comprising intact nodes, internodes, and leaf sheaths, was placed in fiberglass mesh bags on the soil surface and at 7.5- to 10-cm and 15- to 20-cm depths in chisel-plowed plots and 15 to 20 cm deep in moldboard-plowed plots in October 1997. Residue was sampled monthly from April through November during 1998 and every 2 months through April to October 1999. Buried residue decomposed faster than residue placed on the soil surface. Less than 2% of the dry-matter residue remained in buried treatments after 24 months in the field, while 25% of the residue remained in the soil-surface treatment. Survival of G. zeae on node tissues was inversely related to the residue decomposition rate. Surface residue provided a substrate for G. zeae for a longer period of time than buried residue. Twenty-four months after the initiation of the trial, the level of colonization of nodes in buried residue was half the level of colonization of residue on the soil surface. Colonization of node tissues by G. zeae decreased over time, but increased for other Fusarium spp. Ascospores of G. zeae were still produced on residue pieces after 23 months, and these spores were capable of inducing disease. Data from this research may assist in developing effective management strategies for residues infested with G. zeae.

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