scholarly journals Preferences for Formal Social Care in Rural and Urban China: Evidence from a National Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 19-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Shi ◽  
Bo Hu
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Rural And Urban

Exploring innovation creation across rural and urban firms

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giri Aryal ◽  
John Mann ◽  
Scott Loveridge ◽  
Satish Joshi
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rural Firms ◽  
Urban Firms

Purpose The innovation creation literature primarily focuses on urban firms/regions or relies heavily on these data; less studied are rural firms and areas in this regard. The purpose of this paper is to employ a new firm-level data set, national in scale, and analyze characteristics that potentially influence innovation creation across rural and urban firms. Design/methodology/approach The authors use the 2014 National Survey of Business Competitiveness (NSBC) covering multiple firm-level variables related to innovation creation combined with secondary data reflecting the regional business and innovative environments where these firms operate. The number of patent applications filed by these firms measures their innovation creation, and the paper employs a negative binomial regression estimation for analysis. Findings After controlling for industry, county and state factors, rural and urban firms differ in their innovation creation characteristics and behaviors, suggesting that urban firms capitalize on their resources better than rural firms. Other major findings of the paper provide evidence that: first, for rural firms, the influence of university R&D is relevant to innovation creation, but their perception of university-provided information is not significant; and second, rural firms that are willing to try, but fail, in terms of innovation creation have a slight advantage over other rural firms less willing to take on the risk. Originality/value This paper is one of the first to analyze the 2014 NSBC, a firm-level national survey covering a wide range of innovation-related variables. The authors combine it with other regional secondary data, and use appropriate analytical modeling to provide empirical evidence of influencing factors on innovation creation across rural and urban firms.

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING NON-MEDICAL COSTS FOR HEALTH CARE: EVIDENCE FROM INPATIENT CARE FOR OLDER PEOPLE IN CHINA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S733-S733
Author(s):  
Wei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Health Payment

Abstract Non-medical costs can constitute a substantial part of total health care costs, especially for older people. Costs associated with carers, travel, food and accommodation for family members accompanying and caring for older people during their medical visits can be hefty. This study seeks to examine the effects of non-medical costs on catastrophic health payments and health payment-induced poverty among older people in rural and urban China. Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey 2015, this study finds that inpatient costs account for a significant proportion of household expenditure, and non-medical costs can account for approximately 18% of total costs. That share is highest for those who belong to the lowest wealth groups. Non-medical costs increase the chances of older people incurring catastrophic health payments and suffering from health payment-induced poverty. Such effects are more concentrated among the poor than the rich. The results also show that the rural population are more likely to incur catastrophic health payments and suffer from health payment induced poverty compared to the urban population. This paper urges policy makers to consider reimbursing the non-medical costs of patient care, improving health care systems in general and for the rural populations specifically.

Occurrence and Profile Characteristics of the Pesticide Imidacloprid, Preservative Parabens, and Their Metabolites in Human Urine from Rural and Urban China

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (24) ◽  
pp. 14633-14640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Tianzhen Liu ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Junjie Zhang ◽  
Yinghong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Urine ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Profile Characteristics

scholarly journals Inequality in the health services utilization in rural and urban china

Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. e18625
Author(s):  
Bin Guo ◽  
Xin Xie ◽  
Qunhong Wu ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Huaizhi Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health Services Utilization ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Services Utilization ◽  
Rural And Urban

Variations in the adoption and use of mobile social apps in everyday lives in urban and rural China

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pu Yan ◽  
Ralph Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Central China ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Digital Gap ◽  
Everyday Problem

China has in recent years seen the rapid adoption of multifunctional social networking applications such as WeChat. This paper aims to explore if China’s social stratification has influenced the adoption and use of mobile social apps and if social apps such as WeChat can help to bridge the digital divide by providing urban and rural users equal access to diverse information and communication resources. The study is based on 4 months of fieldwork in the Henan Province of central China and combines quantitative data from surveys and qualitative data from semistructured interviews and focus groups. We found that there still exists a digital gap in the adoption and use of mobile social apps such as WeChat between rural and urban China, but such differences are also associated with demographic variables such as age, gender, and education level. Meanwhile, we found that WeChat has become more than a communication tool; it has also played an essential role in everyday problem-solving and information seeking for both rural and urban users. Our qualitative interviews and focus group studies reveal how WeChat influences various aspects of daily life in developing areas in China. We argue that although some divides in information seeking are being overcome, other new divides are emerging.

scholarly journals Winter Bird Assemblages in Rural and Urban Environments: A National Survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e0130299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Tryjanowski ◽  
Tim H. Sparks ◽  
Waldemar Biaduń ◽  
Tomasz Brauze ◽  
Tomasz Hetmański ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Bird Assemblages ◽  
Rural And Urban

The Social Care Component of Multidisciplinary Mental Health Teams: A Review and National Survey

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherrill Evans ◽  
Peter Huxley ◽  
Christine Baker ◽  
Jo White ◽  
Sally Madge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Team Composition ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Social

Background The study reviewed the disciplinary composition of community mental health teams (CMHTs) and conducted a national survey of mental health providers in England and Wales to explore the determinants of the social care component of CMHTs. Methods A comprehensive literature review and a national survey of NHS mental health Trusts in England and Wales. Results The literature review showed that team composition was rarely well justified with regard to effectiveness, despite some evidence that greater professional diversity (i.e. inclusion of social workers) was associated with higher effectiveness. Forty-two mental health Trusts responded (53.2%) to the survey. There were no staffing differences between responding and non-responding Trusts. Social workers accounted for 19.3% of the staffing total. Nurses formed a third of the workforce and social support workers made up a further 10%. We found that there continues to be a shortage (compared to policy targets and previous research) of psychiatrists, psychologists and occupational therapists, whereas the numbers of nurses employed far exceeds their target numbers. Total staffing numbers appeared to be slightly higher in Trusts citing ‘financial resources’ as a determining factor of team composition. Despite being statistically non-significant, the ‘financial resource’ effect was of medium magnitude. Similarly, there was a non-significant but approaching medium-sized effect of higher numbers of social care support staff when guidance was cited as a rationale for CMHT composition. There was a non-significant (P = 0.076) medium magnitude (η2p 5 0.067) trend towards higher staff numbers in more integrated trusts that did not cite financial resources as a driver of team composition. Conclusions If service recipients are to gain equal access to appropriately staffed services, further attention needs to be paid to supporting an adequately skilled multidisciplinary workforce. The workforce needs to be organised in a way that best provides for local needs rather than a service based largely on the existing supply of different professionals and disjointed workforce planning.

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