The Impact of Cognitive Impairment on Disaster Preparedness: A Cross-sectional Study of Older Adults over the Age of 75 Requiring Special Care in Japan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Yuka Hattori ◽  
Mayuko Hiramatsu ◽  
Tokiko Isowa ◽  
Akiko Kitagawa ◽  
Mayumi Tsujikawa
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Special Care ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of a Hilly Environment on Depressive Symptoms among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4520
Author(s):  
Takafumi Abe ◽  
Kenta Okuyama ◽  
Tsuyoshi Hamano ◽  
Miwako Takeda ◽  
Masayuki Yamasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Although some neighborhood environmental factors have been found to affect depressive symptoms, few studies have focused on the impact of living in a hilly environment, i.e., land slope, on depressive symptoms among rural older adults. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether a land slope is associated with depressive symptoms among older adults living in rural areas. Data were collected from 935 participants, aged 65 years and older, who lived in Shimane prefecture, Japan. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and defined on the basis of an SDS score ≥ 40. Land slopes within a 400 m network buffer were assessed using geographic information systems. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of depressive symptoms were estimated using logistic regression. A total of 215 (23.0%) participants reported depressive symptoms. The land slope was positively associated with depressive symptoms (OR = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.01–1.08) after adjusting for all confounders. In a rural setting, living in a hillier environment was associated with depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older adults in Japan.

scholarly journals Understanding Driving as an Everyday Activity: International Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 730-730
Author(s):  
Anne Dickerson ◽  
Isabelle Gelinas ◽  
Moon Choi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Crash Risk ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Fitness To Drive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Everyday Activity ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
International Perspectives ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This international symposium brings together leading occupational therapy researchers from around the world with a shared focus is on evaluating and improving the driving performance of older adults to decrease their crash risk and facilitate their community participation. In this session, five groups of international scholars will share their collective and individual research outcomes for driving as a means of community mobility. The first presentation will outline their collective international, cross-sectional study of 247 older adults from seven countries where the impact of driving on out-of-home mobility was compared. Each presentation that follows will then present results from innovative studies of ways in which to assess and address fitness to drive in older adulthood. Our discussant will summarize the potential expansion of the current work and engage the audience through interactive questions. Transportation and Aging Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.

scholarly journals Sex differences in impact of sarcopenia on falls in community-dwelling Korean older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunsoo Soh ◽  
Chang Won Won
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Falls are one of the most serious health problems among older adults. Sarcopenia is characterized by a decrease in muscle mass, strength, and physical function. Due to potentially age-related conditions, both falls and sarcopenia have common risk factors. However, the association between sarcopenia and falls is controversial. Moreover, the sex differences in the impact of sarcopenia on falls is not yet clear. This study aimed to investigate the sex differences in the impact of sarcopenia, defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), on falls in Korean older adults. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we used data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study; 2323 community-dwelling older adults (1111 males and 1212 females) aged 70–84 years were recruited in this cross-sectional study. To evaluate sarcopenia, the AWGS diagnostic algorithm was used. We compared the faller and non-faller groups. We performed unadjusted and fully adjusted logistic regression analyses to evaluate the relationship between sarcopenia, falls, and fall-related fractures. Results A total of 239 (24.1%) females in the faller group had a history of falls in the past year, which was statistically higher than that in males (176, 15.8%). In the fully adjusted model, handgrip strength (odds ratio [OR] = 1.508, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.028–2.211), and short physical performance battery (OR = 2.068, 95% CI = 1.308–3.271) were significantly lower in the male faller group. However, in the fully adjusted model, the female faller group only showed a significantly low appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (OR = 1.419, 95% CI = 1.058–1.903). Conclusions This large cohort study aimed to identify the sex differences in the incidence of sarcopenia in the older Korean population, using the AWGS diagnostic algorithm, and its correlation with falls and fall-related fractures. The incidence of falls did not increase in the sarcopenia group. Among the sarcopenia components, sex differences affect the history of falls. Therefore, when studying the risk of falls in old age, sex differences should be considered.

scholarly journals The Elderly Nursing Core Set and the cognition of Portuguese older adults: a cross-sectional study

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
César Fonseca ◽  
Lara Guedes de Pinho ◽  
Manuel José Lopes ◽  
Maria do Céu Marques ◽  
José Garcia-Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Functional Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Core Set ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Abstract Background The aging population and its associated health needs require specific nursing care. The aim of this study was to draw an epidemiological profile of Portuguese elderly adults attending in residential homes and day centers and to evaluate the association between the functioning and cognition of these older adults and their sociodemographic characteristics and presence of multimorbidity. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 613 older adults. Functioning was assessed using the Elderly Nursing Core Set, and cognition was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed. Results The mean age was 85.73 years; the majority of the participants were female (69.3 %), widowed (67.0 %) and over 85 years old (60.4 %). A total of 68.2 % of the sample presented multimorbidity. A total of 54.5 % had cognitive impairment, and the average functional profile was classified as “moderate difficulty”. Institutionalized older adults had more diseases than those who attended the day center. Women, those who were illiterate, those who were institutionalized and older adults who had diseases of the nervous system had a worse functional profile and greater cognitive impairment. Those with multimorbidity had a worse functional profile, and those without a spouse had greater cognitive impairment. Conclusions Given the functional and cognitive profile of older adults, it is necessary to adopt care practices focused on the rehabilitation/maintenance of self-care and affective relationships. This care must be provided by highly qualified professionals. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the ratio of nurses per older adult in these institutions.

scholarly journals Cognitive impairment and hypertension in older adults living in extreme poverty: a cross-sectional study in Peru

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lazo-Porras ◽  
Victor Ortiz-Soriano ◽  
Miguel Moscoso-Porras ◽  
Fernando M. Runzer-Colmenares ◽  
German Málaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extreme Poverty
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