The Impact of Infant and Maternal Factors on Oral Feeding Performance in Premature Infants

PURPOSE: Feeding problems are common in premature infants (PIs) and may lead to negative consequences such as malnutrition, dehydration, excessive weight loss, as well as developmental and psychological deficits. Moreover, they are associated with increased length of hospital stay/cost. There is not enough evidence on how feeding problems should be treated in PIs. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of non-nutritive sucking combined with oral motor stimulation and oral support on feeding performance in PIs. METHODS: A single-blind randomized clinical trial was performed on 44 PIs with feeding problems. Patients were randomly categorized into two groups: (1) combined intervention (CI) and (2) non-nutritive sucking (NNS). The CI group received NNS, oral motor stimulation and oral support simultaneously. Infants in both groups received 14 treatment sessions for 14 consecutive days. The Preterm Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale (POFRAS) was used as the primary outcome measure. Weight, volume of milk intake, time to achieve full oral feeding, and length of hospital stay were secondary outcome measures. All measures were assessed before treatment, after the 7th session, after the 14th session, and after 7 days after the end of treatment. RESULTS: Both groups improved in all outcome measures across time (P < 0.001). The improvements in the POFRAS, volume of milk intake, and time to achieve full oral feeding were significantly greater in the CI group than the NNS group (P < 0.001). The improvements attained in weight and length of hospital stay were not significantly different between the CI and NNS groups (P > 0.05). Large effect sizes were found for POFRAS score in both CI (d = 3.98) and NNS (d = 2.19) groups. CONCLUSION: The current study showed that the combined intervention including NNS, oral motor stimulation, and oral support significantly improved the feeding performance in PIs.

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Premature: growth and its relation to oral skills

CoDAS ◽

10.1590/2317-1782/20152014179 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 378-383

Author(s):

Camila Lehnhart Vargas ◽

Luana Cristina Berwig ◽

Eduardo Matias dos Santos Steidl ◽

Leila Sauer Prade ◽

Geovana Bolzan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hospital Stay ◽

Premature Infant ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Tube Feeding ◽

Oral Feeding ◽

Feeding Performance ◽

Time Of Feeding ◽

Oral Skills

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of oral motor skills of premature infants on their oral feeding performance and growth, during neonatal hospitalization.METHODS: Fifty-one newborns hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit of a hospital in Southern Brazil, between July 2012 and March 2013, were evaluated. The evaluation of oral feeding skills, according to Lau and Smith, was applied after prescription for starting oral feeding. The oral feeding performance was analyzed using the following variables: days taken to start independent oral feeding and hospital discharge. Growth was measured by weight, length, and head circumference, using the curves of Fenton, at birth, first and independent oral feeding, and hospital discharge.RESULTS: At birth, 71% preterm infants were proper for gestational age, most of them were males (53%), with average of 33.6 (±1.5) weeks of gestational age. The gestational age in the assessment did not influence the oral feeding performance of the premature infant and did not differ between levels. Time of transition from tube feeding to oral feeding and hospital stay was shorter when the oral skills were higher. At birth, there was a tendency of low weight and low oral feeding performance. Level IV premature infants in the release of oral feeding presented higher weights.CONCLUSION: The level of oral skills of the premature infant interfered positively on time of feeding transition from tube to independent oral feeding and hospital stay. Growth, represented by weight gain, was not affected by the level of oral skill.

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Dysphagia in Perry Syndrome: Pharyngeal Pressure in Two Cases

Case Reports in Neurology ◽

10.1159/000457900 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 161-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

George Umemoto ◽

Yoshio Tsuboi ◽

Hirokazu Furuya ◽

Takayasu Mishima ◽

Shinsuke Fujioka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tube Feeding ◽

Oral Intake ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Oral Feeding ◽

Tongue Pressure ◽

Normal Range ◽

Swallowing Function ◽

Pharyngeal Pressure ◽

Swallowing Dysfunction ◽

The Impact

Background: To investigate the impact of dysphagia in Perry syndrome (PS), an autosomal dominant parkinsonism caused by mutation of DCTN1, which is associated with hypoventilation, depression, and weight loss. Case Presentation: We used tongue pressure measurements and manofluorography to investigate swallowing function in 2 patients with PS. Case 1, a 60-year-old male showing parkinsonism, and case 2, a 49-year-old male admitted with pneumonia, were diagnosed as having PS based on the DCTN1 gene analysis. Case 1 showed a pharyngeal retention of the bolus on videofluorography (VF) and a few swallows were required for its passage into the esophagus. However, tongue pressure and manometry were within the normal range. This patient could eat a normal diet under supervision. Case 2 required artificial ventilation and tube feeding on admission. The VF image showed a slow transfer of the bolus, delayed swallow reflex, and pharyngeal retention of the bolus that required several swallows for its passage into the esophagus. The tongue pressure was within the normal range, but manometry showed a significant decrease in pressure at the hypopharynx and upper esophageal sphincter. The oral intake of the patients was limited to 2 cups of jelly per day. Conclusions: The investigation of swallowing dysfunction of 2 cases of PS showed that maintaining pharyngeal pressure within the normal range was very important for oral feeding success and prognosis.

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Can Mozart Improve Weight Gain and Development of Feeding Skills in Premature Infants? A Randomized Trial

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1731279 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Margaret A. Lafferty ◽

Amy Mackley ◽

Pam Green ◽

Deborah Ottenthal ◽

Robert Locke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Randomized Study ◽

Oral Feeding ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Piano Sonata ◽

Speech Language Pathologist ◽

Physiologic Effect ◽

Feeding Skills ◽

Very Premature Infants

Objective The study aimed to assess in a prospective randomized study the effect of Mozart's music on time to regain birth weight (BW) and development of oral feeding skills in babies born between 280/7 and 316/7 weeks of gestation. Study Design Healthy premature infants born between 280/7 and 316/7 completed weeks of gestation were randomized within 3 days of birth to either music or no music exposure. Infants in the music group were exposed to Mozart's double piano sonata twice per day for 14 days. The primary outcome was time to regain birth weight. The secondary outcome was development of oral feeding skills as evaluated by a speech/language pathologist blinded to the intervention. We hypothesized that exposure to Mozart's double piano sonata would decrease time to regain BW and improve feeding skills. A total of 32 newborns were needed to detect a 3-day difference in time to regain BW. Results Forty infants were enrolled and randomized. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding the time to regain BW (p = 0.181) and the time to achievement of full oral feeds (p = 0.809). Conclusion Exposure to Mozart's double piano sonata for 14 days after birth did not significantly improve time to regain BW or time to achieve full oral feedings in very premature infants. It is possible that Mozart's music has no effect or that the duration of music exposure was not sufficient to have a physiologic effect on growth and oral feeding skills. Key Points

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The Mortality of Extremely Premature Infants and the Impact on the Overall Neonatal Mortality Rate [20C]

Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1097/01.aog.0000483369.56863.f0 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 127 ◽

pp. 31S

Author(s):

Horatio S. Falciglia ◽

William K. Brady ◽

Ronald Merkel ◽

Vickie Glover ◽

Angela N. Fellner

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽

The Impact

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The Impact of Late Onset Arterial Hypotension on Respiratory Outcome in Extremely Premature Infants

Neonatology ◽

10.1159/000494104 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 115 (2) ◽

pp. 164-168

Author(s):

Waleed Kurtom ◽

Deepak Jain ◽

Meiying Quan ◽

Silvia Vanbuskirk ◽

Eduardo Bancalari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Premature Infants ◽

Late Onset ◽

Arterial Hypotension ◽

Respiratory Outcome ◽

The Impact

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The Impact of Vaginal Delivery in Premature Infants Weighing Less Than 1,251 Grams

Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1097/01.aog.0000177745.51638.d3 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 106 (3) ◽

pp. 641 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anwar H. Nassar ◽

Elie M. Hobeika ◽

Ihab M. Usta

Keyword(s):

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Premature Infants ◽

The Impact

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Dysphagia and Oral Feeding Problems in the Premature Infant

Neonatal Network The Journal of Neonatal Nursing ◽

10.1891/0730-0832.21.2.51 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 51-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Martha Wilson Jones ◽

Elaine Morgan ◽

Jean Shelton

Keyword(s):

Premature Infant ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Term Infant ◽

Oral Feeding ◽

Feeding Disorders ◽

Feeding Problems ◽

The Past ◽

Common Problems

FEEDING DISORDERS AND dysphagia are common problems seen in premature infants following their discharge from the NICU. A major factor in the growing incidence of these problems is the number of infants born and surviving between 23 and 25 weeks gestational age, which has increased dramatically over the past decade. These infants experience both a lengthier exposure to noxious oral stimuli and a longer time until they develop the suck/swallow coordination that makes oral feeding safe.1 Oral feeding is generally not offered before 32–34 weeks gestational age, when the preterm infant’s sucking pattern begins to resemble that of a term infant.2,3 Therefore, there may be an 8- to 9-week lag between birth and oral feedings in a 23- or 24-week gestational age infant.

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The impact of music therapy in late-moderate premature infants, on their parents and their environment, in a Spanish neonatal intermediate care unit.

Music and Medicine ◽

10.47513/mmd.v13i4.764 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

Author(s):

María Jáñez ◽

María Jesús Del Olmo ◽

Cintia Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

Music Therapy ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Therapy Session ◽

Environmental Response ◽

Positive Interaction ◽

Activation Level ◽

Live Music ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Impact ◽

Reducing Stress

The aim of this study is to determine whether a live music therapy session during parent holding had an effect on physiological and comfort outcomes of late-moderate preterm infants, on their parents, and on the ward environment. This is a quasi-experimental study of a cohort of 44 preterm / adult pairs exposed to a music therapy session in the first two weeks after birth. There were 3 moments of observation (before, during, and after the intervention), at which heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (O2-sat), the infant’s behavioral-emotional activation level, and the environmental response were measured. A statistically significant increase was observed in O2-sat (p<.001) after the intervention, as well as a decrease in HR (p<.001). Personal and environmental stress was observed to decrease (p<.001). A music therapy session in the Neonatal Unit at the time of interaction between parents and premature infants was found to be useful in reducing stress and promoted a positive interaction between parents and infants.

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109 RISK FACTORS FOR POOR ORAL FEEDING PROGRESSION IN PREMATURE INFANTS.

Journal of Investigative Medicine ◽

10.2310/6650.2005.x0004.108 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. S98.4-S98

Author(s):

A. Kirk ◽

S. Alder ◽

J. King

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Oral Feeding

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