A Causal Modeling Analysis of Sociodemographics and Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity Behavior of American Adults

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The goal of the present study was to advance our understanding of how alcohol use may contribute to physical inactivity among university students by investigating this association at a day-to-day level. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In total, 57 university students (Mage=20.27; 54% male) completed daily diary questionnaires using a cellphone application, which prompted them each evening to report minutes of moderate/vigorous physical activity engaged in, and number of alcoholic drinks consumed, as well as intended minutes of physical activity for the following day. Longitudinal mixed-level modeling was used to disentangle within person and between-person effects of alcohol use on physical activity behavior and intentions. Separate models were run to investigate lagged effects of previous day alcohol use. We controlled for sex and age in all models. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Results indicated that participants’ usual alcohol use (between-person) was not associated with physical activity behavior or intentions. At the within-person level, day-to-day variance in alcohol use was negatively associated with both physical activity behavior (γ=−0.34, p=0.003) and intentions to engage in physical activity the following day (γ=−0.70, p<0.001). The lagged model indicated that previous day alcohol use negatively predicted PA behavior (γ=−0.33, p=0.004). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Previous studies have largely been constrained to cross-sectional designs, and have surmised that there exists a positive association between alcohol use and physical activity due to trait-level differences between university students. We advance this literature by using ecological momentary assessment to investigate the within-person effects of alcohol use on physical activity at a day-to-day level while controlling for between-person variance. Contrary to existing literature, we found that on days when students consumed relatively more alcohol than they typically report, they: (a) report fewer minutes of physical activity on the same day, (b) plan to engage in relatively less physical activity on the subsequent day, and (c) engage in less physical activity on the subsequent day. By advancing our understanding of how alcohol use may curtail other health behaviors such as physical activity, we inform interventions that aim to target these behaviors in conjunction, or as part of a multiple behavior change intervention.

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Validation of the stages of exercise behavior change with low, moderate, and vigorous physical activity behavior in Japanese young women

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e546872013-330 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Hiroshi Matsumoto

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Behavior Change ◽

Young Women ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Physical Activity Behavior ◽

Exercise Behavior ◽

Activity Behavior

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Predicting Objectively Assessed Physical Activity From the Content and Regulation of Exercise Goals: Evidence for a Mediational Model

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology ◽

10.1123/jsep.33.2.175 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 175-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Simon J. Sebire ◽

Martyn Standage ◽

Maarten Vansteenkiste

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Physical Activity Behavior ◽

Autonomous Motivation ◽

Self Determination Theory ◽

Accelerometer Data ◽

Exercise Motivation ◽

Extrinsic Goals ◽

Adult Participants ◽

Activity Behavior

Grounded in self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000), the purpose of this work was to examine effects of the content and motivation of adults’ exercise goals on objectively assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). After reporting the content and motivation of their exercise goals, 101 adult participants (Mage = 38.79 years; SD = 11.5) wore an ActiGraph (GT1M) accelerometer for seven days. Accelerometer data were analyzed to provide estimates of engagement in MVPA and bouts of physical activity. Goal content did not directly predict behavioral engagement; however, mediation analysis revealed that goal content predicted behavior via autonomous exercise motivation. Specifically, intrinsic versus extrinsic goals for exercise had a positive indirect effect on average daily MVPA, average daily MVPA accumulated in 10-min bouts and the number of days on which participants performed 30 or more minutes of MVPA through autonomous motivation. These results support a motivational sequence in which intrinsic versus extrinsic exercise goals influence physical activity behavior because such goals are associated with more autonomous forms of exercise motivation.

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The Associations between Self-Determined Motivation, Multidimensional Self-Efficacy, and Device-Measured Physical Activity

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18158002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (15) ◽

pp. 8002

Author(s):

I-Hua Chu ◽

Yu-Ling Chen ◽

Pei-Tzu Wu ◽

Wen-Lan Wu ◽

Lan-Yuen Guo

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Physical Activity Behavior ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Short Period ◽

Questionnaire Version ◽

Activity Behavior ◽

Physical Activity Motivation

Self-determined motivation (SDT) and self-efficacy theory have been widely used for understanding individuals’ physical activity motivation and self-efficacy. However, there is a gap of evidence on the relations between SDT and multidimensional self-efficacy with device-measured physical activity in healthy adults. Questionnaires including the behavior regulation in exercise questionnaire version 2 (BREQ-2) and the multidimensional self-efficacy for exercise scale (MSES) were completed by the participants at baseline. All participants wore an accelerometer for seven days to record their physical activities at baseline and eight-week follow up. In total, thirty healthy adults completed the study (12 men, 18 women). The results showed that intrinsic motivation and scheduling self-efficacy had significantly positive associations with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity energy expenditure and duration. Multiple regression analysis showed that the relative autonomy index, task and scheduling efficacy could predict physical activity at baseline, but no SDT or self-efficacy variable could predict physical activity behavior after eight weeks. These results showed that the associations between motivation and self-efficacy with physical activity might change within a short period of time, which suggests that the regular assessment of motivation and self-efficacy might be needed in interventional programs to promote continued physical activity participation in healthy adults.

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Parental Influence on Children’s Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity Participation: An Expectancy-Value Approach

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.5.2.151 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 151-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

Jill M. Dempsey ◽

Jay C. Kimiecik ◽

Thelma S. Horn

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Parental Influence ◽

Belief Systems ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Physical Activity Behavior ◽

Physical Activity Participation ◽

Activity Participation ◽

Task Orientation ◽

Expectancy Value ◽

Activity Behavior

This investigation examined parental influence on children’s moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) participation via an expectancy-value model that included parents’ behavior, parents’ beliefs about their children’s MVPA, and children’s beliefs about their MVPA. The influence of parents on their children’s MVPA was investigated via questionnaires tapping the belief systems of fourth- and fifth-grade children (n=71) and their parents (n=69). Self-reported MVPA was assessed for parents and children. Correlational analyses demonstrated a number of significant relationships between parents’ belief systems and children’s MVPA behavior and children’s belief systems and their physical activity participation. Based on hierarchical regression analyses, there was no evidence of a positive relationship between parents’ physical activity behavior (role modeling) and children’s physical activity behavior. Parents’ perceptions of their children’s MVPA competence was the only parent belief system variable related to children’s MVPA participation. In addition, children’s task orientation and expectancies significantly predicted their MVPA participation.

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Associations between adolescents’ physical activity behavior and their perceptions of parental, peer and teacher support

Archives of Public Health ◽

10.1186/s13690-020-00490-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Beata Pluta ◽

Agata Korcz ◽

Jana Krzysztoszek ◽

Michał Bronikowski ◽

Małgorzata Bronikowska

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Social Support ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Physical Activity Promotion ◽

Physical Activity Behavior ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

School Students ◽

Activity Promotion ◽

Activity Behavior ◽

Teachers And Parents

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to examine adolescents’ perceptions of parental, teacher, and peer support for physical activity, and to examine the associations between these perceptions and physical activity behavior. Methods The study included 902 secondary school students, who completed the Short Scale of Youth’s Social Support Assessment (SSYSS). The level of physical activity – more specifically, moderate to vigorous physical activity – was measured using a Physical Activity Screening Measure. The associations were examined by a five-step hierarchical regression. Body mass index (BMI) was defined using the LMS method, which summarizes the distribution of BMI by age and gender in terms of three curves, L (lambda), M (mu), and S (sigma), and was based on a nationally representative sample of Polish children and adolescents. Results The study indicated a positive correlation between MVPA (moderate to vigorous physical activity) and three sources of social support; however, in the regression model, this explained only part of the variance. In the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, MVPA level was predicted by five variables involvement in sports training, teachers support, parents support, gender and BMI. The direct effects for teachers and parents support were similar. This demonstrates that both teachers’ and parents’ social support exert influence on adolescent MVPA. Conclusions The findings from this research suggest that school-based interventions for adolescents should specifically take into consideration family, teachers, and peers as important sources of social support for general physical activity promotion that aims to increase its levels.

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Healthy Campus 2010: Physical Activity Trends and the Role Information Provision

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.6.4.435 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 435-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Diane E. Mack ◽

Philip M. Wilson ◽

Virginia Lightheart ◽

Kristin Oster ◽

Katie E. Gunnell

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Survey Design ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Information Provision ◽

Physical Activity Behavior ◽

Postsecondary Students ◽

Secondary Purpose ◽

Activity Behavior ◽

Role Of Information

Background:The primary purpose of this investigation was to examine the frequency and type of self-reported physical activity behavior in postsecondary students with reference to Healthy Campus 2010 objectives. The secondary purpose was to explore the role of information provision in terms of promoting physical activity behavior in postsecondary students.Methods:Postsecondary students were assessed (N = 127360). Employing a trend survey design, the frequency and type of physical activity behavior was assessed along with physical activity/fitness information provision across a five year period between 2000 to 2004.Results:In 2004, respondents meeting Healthy Campus 2010 objectives for self-reported moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was 42.20% (95% CI = 41.75 to 42.65) and 48.60% (95% CI = 48.14 to 49.06) for strength (STRENGTH) training behavior. Progress quotients demonstrated that 12.93% and 7.87% of target objective for MVPA and STRENGTH respectively had been achieved from baseline. Those who received information reported engaging in more frequent physical activity behavior compared with those who did not (P < .001).Conclusions:Results suggest the need for continued commitment to increasing physical activity behavior. The provision of physical activity/fitness information may be one mechanism through which this can be achieved.

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