Assessment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: An Evaluation of Six Published Rating Scales

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Marie Angello ◽  
Robert J. Volpe ◽  
James C. DiPerna ◽  
Sammi P. Gureasko-Moore ◽  
David P. Gureasko-Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Thyroid Hormone Status in Overweight Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Langrock ◽  
Johannes Hebebrand ◽  
Katharina Radowksi ◽  
Eckard Hamelmann ◽  
Thomas Lücke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Migration Background ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Background: There is an ongoing discussion whether thyroid hormones are involved in the development and course of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Since obesity is associated with both higher thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free triiodothyronine (fT3) concentrations and increased rates of ADHD, we hypothesized that overweight children with ADHD show higher TSH and fT3 concentrations compared to overweight children without ADHD. Methods: TSH, fT3, fT4, and leptin levels were analyzed in 230 children (60.9% boys, 9.3 ± 1.7 years old, 35.7% migration background). The children were divided into four groups (I = 26 overweight children with ADHD, II = 56 normal-weight children with ADHD, III = 66 overweight children without ADHD, and IV = 82 normal-weight children without ADHD). Severity of ADHD was determined by the parent version of the Connors 3® rating scales. Results: Overweight children with ADHD did not differ significantly from overweight children without ADHD with respect to TSH, fT3, or fT4 concentrations. Comparing the thyroid hormones between the four groups also demonstrated no significant differences for TSH and fT4 concentrations. fT3 concentrations were significantly higher in normal-weight children with ADHD compared to normal-weight children without ADHD. Inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity scores were not significantly related to TSH or fT3 in multiple regression analyses adjusted for age, gender, and migration background. In these analyses, TSH was associated with BMI SDS (β coefficient 0.19 ± 0.12, p = 0.002) and leptin (exp[β coefficient] 1.87 ± 1.36, p < 0.001). fT3 (β coefficient 0.06 ± 0.05, p = 0.009) and leptin (exp[β coefficient] 1.17 ± 1.13, p = 0.009) were also associated with BMI SDS. Conclusions: Our findings confirm the relation between overweight and thyroid hormones but point against the hypothesis that thyroid hormones might link overweight and ADHD in children.

scholarly journals Review of Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 117957351772809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Najib ◽  
Dexter Wimer ◽  
Julie Zeng ◽  
Kristina W Lam ◽  
Natalya Romanyak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
English Language ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Post Dose ◽  
Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate ◽  
Global Improvement ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Long Acting

Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is the first prodrug stimulant used for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) dosed once daily. Due to its long-acting properties, LDX remains pharmacologically inactive until an enzymatic process predominantly associated with red blood cells converts it to the active ingredient, d-amphetamine and the amino acid lysine. The efficacy of LDX over placebo has been demonstrated in several studies in adults with moderate to severe ADHD with significant improvements noted in ADHD rating scales, Clinical Global Improvement scores, and assessments of executive function, for all doses of LDX (30-70 mg daily). Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate has demonstrated efficacy at 14 hours post dose in adults and may be used as a long-acting stimulant for managing ADHD symptoms, which may extend late into the day. Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate has demonstrated a safety profile consistent with long-acting stimulants use. Relevant English language articles were identified through computerized searches of MEDLINE (PubMed and EMBASE) from 1995 to 2016 using the following search terms: lisdexamfetamine dimesylate, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, NRP104, and Vyvanse.

scholarly journals Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raguraman Janakiraman ◽  
Tony Benning
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Evaluation ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Distinct Entity ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Clinical Presentations

SummaryAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an established diagnosis in children but there is a lack of agreement about its validity as a distinct entity in adults. Literature suggests that between one-third and two-thirds of children diagnosed with ADHD continue to manifest symptoms into adulthood. An adult diagnosis should be done on the basis of a thorough assessment, structured and semi-structured clinical interview, and with a complete understanding of the symptoms that manifest in adults. This may be supplemented by the use of rating scales. We present a review of the literature covering aetiology, clinical presentations, diagnostic evaluation and management of ADHD in adults.

scholarly journals High Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Scale Scores Among Patients with Persistent Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain

2021 ◽  
pp. E299-E307
Author(s):  
Satoshi Kasahara
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Clinic ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Scale Scores

Background: Associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and chronic pain disorders, such as fibromyalgia, have been reported. However, associations between persistent chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNLBP) and ADHD have not yet been investigated. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the positive rates of possible ADHD, as assessed by selfreported ADHD scales, in patients with persistent CNLBP, using data from self-reported questionnaires completed by patients and their families. This study also aimed to compare the self-reported scores obtained from existing standardized data for healthy individuals, and to examine whether the ADHD scale scores of patients with persistent CNLBP are associated with pain variables. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: The specialized pain clinic at our university hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 60 consecutive patients with persistent CNLBP who were diagnosed with a possible somatic symptom disorder and were referred to a psychiatrist in our pain clinic. The Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) self-report (CAARS-S) and observer-rated (CAARS-O) questionnaires were utilized. We investigated the CAARS scores, and the association between the CAARS subscale scores and pain variables (pain duration and pain Numeric Rating Scale) in patients with persistent CNLBP. Results: Of the 60 patients, 19 (31.7%) were positive on both CAARS-S and CAARS-O questionnaires (T-score > 65). The ADHD indices, which comprised subscales of the CAARS estimating the necessity of treatment for ADHD, were significantly higher in both male and female patients with persistent CNLBP than in the Japanese standardized sample (P < 0.005). CAARS-S hyperactivity/restlessness, CAARS-O hyperactivity/restlessness, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition hyperactive-impulsive symptom subscale scores also correlated with the pain intensity (P < 0.05). Limitations: In this study, ADHD tendency was evaluated using only a self-reported questionnaire. Hence in the future, accurate and precise assessments of ADHD symptoms using structured clinical interviews conducted by ADHD experts are warranted. Additionally, the study only included patients with persistent CNLBP. Therefore in the future, it will be valuable to investigate ADHD scale scores (e.g., CAARS) among patients with CNLBP and nonspecific low back pain with larger sample sizes. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that the subscale scores on an ADHD scale were considerably high in patients with persistent CNLBP. As a previous study of our clinical experience indicates that persistent CNLBP can be substantially relieved by administering ADHD medications, ADHD screening is warranted in the treatment of persistent CNLBP. Key words: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, neurodevelopmental disorders, chronic nonspecific low back pain, chronic pain, Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS), Numeric Rating Scale, pain duration, pain clinic, somatic symptom disorder

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Scientific School Performances Among Moroccan Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s248-s248
Author(s):  
F.Z. Rouim ◽  
F.Z. Azzaoui ◽  
A.O.T. Ahami
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Behavioral Difficulties ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Background and aimAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is classified as neurodevelopmental disorders. ADHD is one of the major problems in childhood encountered most often in schools. A study realized by Platt in 2011 show that children with ADHD often experience difficulties in mathematics. The aim of this study is to assess whether there is a relationship between school performance in scientific subjects (mathematics and natural science) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.MethodsThe study was realized among 239 children studying in a urban school in Kenitra city (North-West of Morocco), and aged from 6 to 16 years. To evaluate the relationship between ADHD and the average class results of mathematics and natural science, Conners rating scale (parent and teacher short version) and the academic transcripts are used.ResultsThe results show that there is a significant correlation (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) between the average class results in each natural science and mathematics and three components of Conners rating scales (parent's version), which are behavioral difficulties, learning difficulties and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Furthermore, the Conners rating scale (teacher's version) show, also, that there is a significant correlation (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) between behavioral difficulties, hyperactivity/impulsivity and Inattention passivity and the average class results in natural science and in mathematics.ConclusionAs known, children with ADHD are not less intelligent than other children, although our study show that children with ADHD represent low marks in natural science and in mathematics. In fact, deeper investigations are needed to study the possible factors that could affect ADHD children's school performance.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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