Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Scientific School Performances Among Moroccan Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s248-s248
Author(s):  
F.Z. Rouim ◽  
F.Z. Azzaoui ◽  
A.O.T. Ahami
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Behavioral Difficulties ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Background and aimAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is classified as neurodevelopmental disorders. ADHD is one of the major problems in childhood encountered most often in schools. A study realized by Platt in 2011 show that children with ADHD often experience difficulties in mathematics. The aim of this study is to assess whether there is a relationship between school performance in scientific subjects (mathematics and natural science) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.MethodsThe study was realized among 239 children studying in a urban school in Kenitra city (North-West of Morocco), and aged from 6 to 16 years. To evaluate the relationship between ADHD and the average class results of mathematics and natural science, Conners rating scale (parent and teacher short version) and the academic transcripts are used.ResultsThe results show that there is a significant correlation (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) between the average class results in each natural science and mathematics and three components of Conners rating scales (parent's version), which are behavioral difficulties, learning difficulties and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Furthermore, the Conners rating scale (teacher's version) show, also, that there is a significant correlation (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) between behavioral difficulties, hyperactivity/impulsivity and Inattention passivity and the average class results in natural science and in mathematics.ConclusionAs known, children with ADHD are not less intelligent than other children, although our study show that children with ADHD represent low marks in natural science and in mathematics. In fact, deeper investigations are needed to study the possible factors that could affect ADHD children's school performance.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Thyroid Hormone Status in Overweight Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Langrock ◽  
Johannes Hebebrand ◽  
Katharina Radowksi ◽  
Eckard Hamelmann ◽  
Thomas Lücke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Migration Background ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Background: There is an ongoing discussion whether thyroid hormones are involved in the development and course of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Since obesity is associated with both higher thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free triiodothyronine (fT3) concentrations and increased rates of ADHD, we hypothesized that overweight children with ADHD show higher TSH and fT3 concentrations compared to overweight children without ADHD. Methods: TSH, fT3, fT4, and leptin levels were analyzed in 230 children (60.9% boys, 9.3 ± 1.7 years old, 35.7% migration background). The children were divided into four groups (I = 26 overweight children with ADHD, II = 56 normal-weight children with ADHD, III = 66 overweight children without ADHD, and IV = 82 normal-weight children without ADHD). Severity of ADHD was determined by the parent version of the Connors 3® rating scales. Results: Overweight children with ADHD did not differ significantly from overweight children without ADHD with respect to TSH, fT3, or fT4 concentrations. Comparing the thyroid hormones between the four groups also demonstrated no significant differences for TSH and fT4 concentrations. fT3 concentrations were significantly higher in normal-weight children with ADHD compared to normal-weight children without ADHD. Inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity scores were not significantly related to TSH or fT3 in multiple regression analyses adjusted for age, gender, and migration background. In these analyses, TSH was associated with BMI SDS (β coefficient 0.19 ± 0.12, p = 0.002) and leptin (exp[β coefficient] 1.87 ± 1.36, p < 0.001). fT3 (β coefficient 0.06 ± 0.05, p = 0.009) and leptin (exp[β coefficient] 1.17 ± 1.13, p = 0.009) were also associated with BMI SDS. Conclusions: Our findings confirm the relation between overweight and thyroid hormones but point against the hypothesis that thyroid hormones might link overweight and ADHD in children.

scholarly journals High Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Scale Scores Among Patients with Persistent Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain

2021 ◽  
pp. E299-E307
Author(s):  
Satoshi Kasahara
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Clinic ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Scale Scores

Background: Associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and chronic pain disorders, such as fibromyalgia, have been reported. However, associations between persistent chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNLBP) and ADHD have not yet been investigated. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the positive rates of possible ADHD, as assessed by selfreported ADHD scales, in patients with persistent CNLBP, using data from self-reported questionnaires completed by patients and their families. This study also aimed to compare the self-reported scores obtained from existing standardized data for healthy individuals, and to examine whether the ADHD scale scores of patients with persistent CNLBP are associated with pain variables. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: The specialized pain clinic at our university hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 60 consecutive patients with persistent CNLBP who were diagnosed with a possible somatic symptom disorder and were referred to a psychiatrist in our pain clinic. The Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) self-report (CAARS-S) and observer-rated (CAARS-O) questionnaires were utilized. We investigated the CAARS scores, and the association between the CAARS subscale scores and pain variables (pain duration and pain Numeric Rating Scale) in patients with persistent CNLBP. Results: Of the 60 patients, 19 (31.7%) were positive on both CAARS-S and CAARS-O questionnaires (T-score > 65). The ADHD indices, which comprised subscales of the CAARS estimating the necessity of treatment for ADHD, were significantly higher in both male and female patients with persistent CNLBP than in the Japanese standardized sample (P < 0.005). CAARS-S hyperactivity/restlessness, CAARS-O hyperactivity/restlessness, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition hyperactive-impulsive symptom subscale scores also correlated with the pain intensity (P < 0.05). Limitations: In this study, ADHD tendency was evaluated using only a self-reported questionnaire. Hence in the future, accurate and precise assessments of ADHD symptoms using structured clinical interviews conducted by ADHD experts are warranted. Additionally, the study only included patients with persistent CNLBP. Therefore in the future, it will be valuable to investigate ADHD scale scores (e.g., CAARS) among patients with CNLBP and nonspecific low back pain with larger sample sizes. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that the subscale scores on an ADHD scale were considerably high in patients with persistent CNLBP. As a previous study of our clinical experience indicates that persistent CNLBP can be substantially relieved by administering ADHD medications, ADHD screening is warranted in the treatment of persistent CNLBP. Key words: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, neurodevelopmental disorders, chronic nonspecific low back pain, chronic pain, Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS), Numeric Rating Scale, pain duration, pain clinic, somatic symptom disorder

scholarly journals Brain Network Connectivity and Association with Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Gene Polymorphism in Korean Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 925-933
Author(s):  
Jeong Ha Park ◽  
Young Don Son ◽  
Yeni Kim ◽  
Doug Hyun Han
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Objective We sought to determine if the links between and within the default mode network (DMN) and dorsal attention network (DAT) exhibited different conditions according to catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene polymorphism in relationship to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms.Methods Fifty-seven children with ADHD and 48 healthy controls (HCs) were administered an intelligence test, the Children’s Depression Inventory, the Korean ADHD rating scale, and continuous performance test. Resting-state brain functional MRI scans were obtained, and COMT genotyping was performed to distinguish valine carriers and methionine homozygotes.Results Compared to controls, children with ADHD showed increased ADHD scale scores, increased visual commission errors, and increased functional connectivity (FC) within the DMN and DAT. Compared to all children with ADHD, children with the methionine homozygote and those who were valine carriers showed increased FC within the DMN and DAT and decreased FC between the DMN and DAT. FC within the DMN was also increased in HC valine carriers compared to HC children with the methionine homozygote, and in children with ADHD who were valine carriers compared to HC valine carriers.Conclusion We observed increased brain connectivity within the DMN and DAT and altered brain connectivity within and between the DMN and DAT associated with COMT polymorphism in children with ADHD.

scholarly journals The Impact of an Adapted Climbing Program on Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
Erin Angelini ◽  
Kathryn N Oriel ◽  
Greta M Myers ◽  
Kyle D.A. Cook ◽  
Ross M Drawbaugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Rock Climbing ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Parent Rating ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Impact

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder impacts children’s participation in activities that require attention to instruction, sustained mental effort, and executive functioning. Physical activity has been correlated to improvement in attention in children with ADHD. Rock climbing challenges muscular endurance, attention, and route planning. Five participants, aged 8-13, participated in the climbing program. Attention was measured pre and post climbing intervention with Trail Making Test B (TMT-B) for time to complete. Exercise intensity was measured by heart rate. Parent feedback on behavior was collected with the Conner’s Parent Rating Scale (CPRS). The social validity of the intervention was measured by the IRP-15 measures. Statistically, significant intrasession attention improvements were noted in all 5 climbers (p=.43). Two climbers were consistently working at a moderate intensity (40-60% HRmax) while 3 climbers maintained a light level of intensity (20-40% HRmax). No statistically significant improvements were found on the CPRS, although improvements are noted with qualitative reports from parents. The IRP-15 showed 100% of parents believed rock climbing was an effective intervention for their children with ADHD. Rock climbing at a light to moderate intensity is associated with improvements in attention and behavior in children with ADHD.

Symptom Level Associations Between Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and School Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 874-884
Author(s):  
Megan Rigoni ◽  
Lynn Zanardi Blevins ◽  
David C. Rettew ◽  
Laurin Kasehagen
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Individualized Education Program ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Symptom Level ◽  
504 Plan ◽  
Inattention And Hyperactivity

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with reduced school performance. To determine which ADHD symptoms and subtypes have the strongest association, we used type and frequency of symptoms on the 2014 National Survey of the Diagnosis and Treatment of ADHD and Tourette Syndrome (NS-DATA) to create symptom scores for inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity and define subtypes (ADHD-Inattentive [ADHD-I], ADHD-Hyperactive-Impulsive, ADHD-Combined [ADHD-C]). Regression methods were used to examine associations between symptoms and subtype and a composite measure of school performance. Children with ADHD-C and ADHD-I had higher adjusted odds of having reduced overall school performance (ADHD-C = 5.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.1-10.9; ADHD-I = 5.5, 95% CI = 3.1-10.1) compared with children without ADHD. All inattentive symptoms were significantly related to reduced school performance in reading, writing, and handwriting, while 6 of 9 symptoms were significantly associated in mathematics. Children with ADHD-I were significantly more likely than children with other ADHD subtypes to receive a school-based Individualized Education Program or 504 Plan. ADHD-I symptoms may be broadly linked to reduced school performance.

scholarly journals Effect of applying play therapy on children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahed Saied El-Nagger ◽  
Manal Hassan Abo-Elmagd ◽  
Hanan Ibrahim Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Play Therapy ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
P Value ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Therapy Sessions

Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a serious public health problem affecting a large number of children that often lasts into adulthood, and it is characterized by persistence of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. Children with ADHD are managed with appropriate pharmacological and non-pharmacological intervention such as educational, psychological, behavioral support and play therapy. Whereas, play therapy is a technique during which the child would be given an opportunity to experience development under the most ideal circumstances. Aim: Evaluate the effect of applying play therapy on children with ADHD.Methods: Study Design: A quasi experimental. Setting: The study was conducted in Badghish care & Rehabilitation center at Jeddah in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Subjects: Purposive sample composed of 40 preschool & school age children with ADHD with their parents and teachers. Study Tools: Data were collected through using a self-administered questionnaire for the parents to assess the socio-demographic characteristics of the studied children and their families, Conner’s Abbreviated Parents and Teachers Rating scale, it was used to assess and evaluate the problematic behaviors of children with ADHD for their responses and progress monitoring through play therapy, Children's Symptom Inventory (CSI-4)-Parents and Teachers Form Scale, it was used to assess the children for ADHD symptoms including; inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity through their parents and teachers and Vanderbilt ADHD Parent and Teacher Rating Scale, it was used to assess children's anxiety symptoms through their parents and teachers.Results: The mean age of children was 6.282 ± 1.52 years. Also, 67.5% of children were boys and 32.5% were girls. Meanwhile, there were high statistical significant differences (p-value at .00) regarding children inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity as reported by their parents and teachers pre and post applying play therapy.Conclusions: The current study concluded that applying play therapy had a positive effect on paying attention, decreasing hyperactivity and controlling impulsive behavior of children with ADHD. Also, there were statistical significant differences in children's emotional and behavioral disturbances pre and post applying play therapy sessions. Recommendations: Encourage parents to cooperate actively when play therapy sessions are held for persistency of treatment effects and further studies should be carried out on the effectiveness of play therapy and use of other different kinds of therapies for children with ADHD are beneficial.

Dopamine D4 Receptor Gene Polymorphism in a Sample of Egyptian Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farida ElBaz Mohamed ◽  
Tarek Mostafa Kamal ◽  
Sally Soliman Zahra ◽  
Mona Abdel Hakiem Khfagy ◽  
Azza Mohamed Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Parent Rating ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Repeat Allele ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Egyptian Children ◽  
Adhd Children

This study aimed to detect DRD4 receptor gene polymorphisms in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children and to correlate their phenotype-genotype. Fifty children with ADHD were diagnosed by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, criteria and were subjected to Conners Parent Rating Scale. All cases and controls were subjected to history taking, physical examination, IQ assessment, and dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) exon 3 genotyping. The 7-repeat allele was present only in controls, whereas 2-repeat allele was present in the ADHD children (heterozygous 2-repeat allele in 16% and homozygous in 26% of cases). Eight percent of cases had homozygous 4-repeat allele vs 28% of controls, whereas 10% of cases had heterozygous 4-repeat allele vs 6% of controls, with its predominance in controls. The 2-repeat and 4-repeat alleles have been associated with more inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity phenotypes. In conclusion, children with ADHD had a significant presence of the 2-repeat allele and absence of the 7-repeat allele.

scholarly journals Current use of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications and clinical characteristics of child and adolescent psychiatric outpatients prescribed multiple ADHD medications in Japan

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252420
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Sasaki ◽  
Noa Tsujii ◽  
Shouko Sasaki ◽  
Hikaru Sunakawa ◽  
Yusuke Toguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adhd Medications

Background/aim Patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) manifest symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and/or inattention. ADHD medications available in Japan are limited compared with those in Western countries. Prescribing status has not been sufficiently evaluated in clinical settings in Japan. This study investigated the current use of ADHD medications and characteristics of patients who received multiple ADHD medications in a clinical setting in Japan. Methods Study participants were those who visited the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital between April 2015 and March 2020. We investigated patients who received osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system methylphenidate, atomoxetine, or guanfacine. A retrospective case–control design was used to evaluate the characteristics of patients who received multiple ADHD medications. Patients who were given three ADHD medications were defined as the case group. Randomly sampled sex- and age-matched patients diagnosed with ADHD were defined as the control group. We compared data for child-to-parent violence, antisocial behavior, suicide attempt or self-harm, abuse history, refusal to attend school, and two psychological rating scales (the ADHD-Rating Scale and Tokyo Autistic Behavior Scale). Results Among the 878 patients who were prescribed any ADHD medications, 43 (4.9%) received three ADHD medications. Logistic regression revealed that children with severe ADHD symptoms, autistic characteristics, or tendency of child-to-parent violence were more likely to have been prescribed three medications during their treatment. Conclusions Our findings suggest the approach to prevent the use of multiple ADHD medications. A prospective study to investigate the causality between prescribing status and clinical characteristics is warranted.

Assessment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: An Evaluation of Six Published Rating Scales

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Marie Angello ◽  
Robert J. Volpe ◽  
James C. DiPerna ◽  
Sammi P. Gureasko-Moore ◽  
David P. Gureasko-Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder
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