The Impact of Government Regulations on Early Childhood Services: Perceptions of Early Childhood Professionals in the South West of England

1999 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Jillian Rodd
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
The South ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
South West ◽  
Early Childhood Professionals ◽  
The Impact

Cumulative reproductive performance effect on overall lifetime productivity in Merino sheep

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 1470
Author(s):  
J. S. Richards ◽  
M. A. Sladek ◽  
G. J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
New South ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The South ◽  
Performance Effect ◽  
South West ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Effect Of Age

Reproduction is an important driver of profitability in commercial sheep flocks. Historically, Merino flocks have been run with a fixed age structure, ignoring individual merit and casting for age at a specific age. More recently, research has focussed on utilising the variation within age groups by keeping productive older ewes longer and culling less productive ewes earlier. Previous studies have also examined the effect of age on reproduction and the impact of reproduction status on productivity, but little research has been conducted on cumulative effects of reproductive performance on later productivity, reproduction and health. The present study examined the impact of higher lifetime reproduction on other key production and fitness traits in older ewes run under commercial conditions. Data were collected from two commercial wool-producing properties in the South West Slopes and the Central West Plains of New South Wales during 2009–2011. Reproduction, fleece measurements, bodyweight and condition and dental health were recorded during the study. The results showed that age had a bigger effect on productivity and dental health than did cumulative lifetime reproduction. Environment and genetics determined the level of impact, with minimal loss in productivity from increased age of animals occurring in the South West Slopes flock, whereas the Central West Plains flock would appear to require closer monitoring of productivity as ewes aged. The data collected did not allow separation of the genetic and environmental influences within the study. Retaining animals with a higher reproductive performance past normal culling age does not necessarily result in reduction of productivity or ewe health, but this must be monitored.

scholarly journals C-Band SAR Winds for Tropical Cyclone Monitoring and Forecast in the South-West Indian Ocean

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 576
Author(s):  
Quoc-Phi Duong ◽  
Sébastien Langlade ◽  
Christophe Payan ◽  
Romain Husson ◽  
Alexis Mouche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
West Indian ◽  
Observation Error ◽  
The South ◽  
South West Indian Ocean ◽  
South West ◽  
West Indian Ocean ◽  
The Impact

Tropical cyclone (TC) monitoring and forecast in the South West Indian Ocean (SWIO) basin remain challenging, notably because of the lack of direct observations. During the 2018–2019 cyclone season, S-1 Sentinel SAR images were acquired, as part of the ReNovRisk-Cyclone research program, giving access to unprecedented detailed TC wind structure description without wind speed limitation. This paper assesses the quality of these data and the impact of their assimilation for TC forecasts. SAR observations are compared with analyses from a convection-permitting, limited area model AROME OI 3D-Var and with wind products used for operational TC monitoring. Their bias depends on the angle of incidence of the radar and the observation error is larger for extreme wind speed. The impact of SAR assimilation in AROME OI 3D-Var is assessed through two case studies. In the TC GELENA case, it leads to a better TC positioning and an improved representation of inner and outer vortex structures. The TC intensity reduction in the analysis propagates through subsequent analyses and it has an impact on forecasts for around 12 h. In the TC IDAI case, the 3D-Var does not manage to reproduce TC intensity captured by SAR. In both cases, the modification of the initial conditions has little influence on the intensification rate of the model forecasts. Sensitivity tests show that these results are robust to different observation errors and thinning.

Institutional practices and vulnerability of shrimp fry catchers in the south-west region of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 1533-1549
Author(s):  
Nurun Naher Moni ◽  
Mohammed Ziaul Haider ◽  
Md Mahedi Al Masud
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Original Research ◽  
The South ◽  
Institutional Practices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
West Region ◽  
South West ◽  
The Impact ◽  
South West Region

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a better understanding of the dynamics of institutional practices, socio-economic status and vulnerability of shrimp fry catchers in the south-west region of Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach This study draws on primary research conducted through face-to-face interviews with women fry collectors in the south-west region of Bangladesh. This study attempts to identify the nature and extent of the impact of institutional practices on the women engaged in catching fry regarding their positioning within the institutional framework. Findings In the coastal region of Bangladesh, the shrimp sector has opened up economic opportunities for women in terms of access to income and employment. However, women have to make a trade-off between employment gain in terms of wage and health hazards caused due to poor working conditions. The findings of the study indicate that shrimp fry catching, complemented by other sources of income, can only help women to survive. The study also finds that the vulnerability of the fry collectors is the end result of mutually interacting institutional practices under different institutional domains. Accordingly, recommendations are made with a view to effectively utilizing social capital at the community level, which will be particularly helpful in raising fry catchers’ voice in the local political arena and strengthening their position in the marketplace. Due to the higher preferences of buyers towards wild fry and the participation of a huge number of people in fry collecting, this study suggests rethinking government intervention in this regard. Originality/value This is original research focusing on the underlying structural and institutional factors behind the marginalization and vulnerability of women and devising policies that will enable modification of the factors that restrain women.

The impact of pregnancy weight and glucose on the metabolic health of mother and child in the south west of the UK

Midwifery ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison N. Jeffery ◽  
Linda D. Voss ◽  
Brad S. Metcalf ◽  
Terence J. Wilkin
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Health ◽  
The South ◽  
South West ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Pregnancy Weight ◽  
The Impact

Ideologies of royal power: the dissolution and reconstruction of political authority on the ‘Slave Coast’, 1680–1750

Africa ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Law
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
Political Order ◽  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
Royal Power ◽  
South West ◽  
The Impact

The Historical Context: The Crisis of Political Order, 1680–1750In the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries the ‘Slave Coast’ of West Africa suffered increasingly severe problems of disorder, which seem to have been in large part a consequence of the impact of the Atlantic slave trade. These disorders involved not only wars among the major states but also (in at least some cases) the weakening of political authority within states. The most obvious aspect of this dissolution of authority was the decline in the power of the kingdom of Allada, which had earlier exercised some degree of suzerainty over most if not all of the other states in the area. Among the tributaries of Allada which repudiated its authority was the kingdom of Whydah (Hueda), on the coast to the south-west, which was already effectively independent by the 1680s, and which even went to war with Allada in 1691–92 and again in 1714–17. The kingdom of Fon, or Dahomey, in the interior north of Allada, was originally also a dependency of Allada, but is recorded to have revolted and asserted its independence in 1715.

scholarly journals Characterisation of African biomass burning plumes and impacts on the atmospheric composition over the South-West Indian Ocean

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert Verreyken ◽  
Crist Amelynck ◽  
Jérôme Brioude ◽  
Jean-François Müller ◽  
Niels Schoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
West Indian ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
The South ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
South West Indian Ocean ◽  
South West ◽  
West Indian Ocean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. We present an investigation of biomass burning (BB) plumes originating from Africa and Madagascar based on measurements of carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and a suite of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) obtained during the dry season of 2018 and 2019 at the high altitude Maïdo observatory (21.1° S, 55.4° E, 2250 m above sea level), located on the remote island of La Réunion in the South-West Indian Ocean (SWIO). Biomass burning plume episodes were identified from increased acetonitrile (CH3CN) mixing ratios. Enhancement ratios (EnRs) – relative to CO – were calculated from in situ measurements for CH3CN, acetone (CH3COCH3), formic acid (HCOOH), acetic acid (CH3COOH), benzene (C6H6), methanol (CH3OH) and O3. We compared the EnRs to emission ratios (ERs) – relative to CO – reported in literature in order to estimate loss/production of these compounds during transport. For CH3CN and CH3COOH, the calculated EnRs are similar to the ERs. For C6H6 and CH3OH, the EnR is lower than the ER, indicating a significant net sinks of these compounds. For CH3COCH3 and HCOOH, the calculated EnRs are larger than the ERs. The discrepancy reaches an order of magnitude for HCOOH (18–34 pptv ppbv−1 compared to 1.8–4.5 pptv ppbv−1). This points to significant secondary production of HCOOH during transport. The Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service (CAMS) global model simulations reproduces well the temporal variation of CO mixing ratios at the observatory but underestimates O3 and NO2 mixing ratios in the plumes on average by 16 ppbv and 60 pptv respectively. This discrepancy between modelled and measured O3 mixing ratios was attributed to (i) large uncertainties in VOC and NOx (NO + NO2) emissions due to BB in CAMS and (ii) misrepresentation of NOx recycling in the model during transport. Finally, transport of pyrogenically emitted CO is calculated with FLEXPART in order to (i) determine the mean plume age during the intrusions at the observatory and (ii) estimate the impact of BB on the pristine marine boundary layer (MBL). By multiplying the excess CO in the MBL with inferred EnRs at the observatory, we calculated the expected impact of BB on CH3CN, CH3COCH3, CH3OH and C6H6 concentrations in the MBL. These excesses constitute increases of ~ 20 %–150 % compared to background measurements in the SWIO MBL reported in literature.

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