THE SOUTH AFRICAN BEEF CATTLE INDUSTRY: ITS RELATIVE IMPORTANCE TO AGRICULTURE AS A WHOLE AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN SUPPLY AND DEMAND

The state of Pará has the fifth largest cattle herd in Brazil at 20.3 million heads, and beef cattle breeding accounts for 44.32% of the agricultural production value. Using a recursive econometric model estimated by the generalized method of moments, we evaluated the effects of variables that define the supply and demand of slaughtered beef cattle from 1990 to 2015. The results showed that supply and demand were inelastic to prices. Increases in rural salary and calf prices negatively affected supply, and the response to rural credit applications occurred with a four-year lag due to the biological and technological characteristics of production systems. Deforestation tended to increase the supply of cattle and slaughterhouses appropriated the largest share of the economic surplus generated. There were productivity gains since the early 1990s, with the yield of slaughtered animals was 230.55 kg for cattle and 182.25 kg for cows, while currently, it is 276 and 202.5 kg, respectively. The creation of the Agriculture and Livestock Defense Agency of the State of Pará had a positive effect on the supply of cattle and the expansion of agroindustry structure, contributing to the supply of large markets with higher quality beef.

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The effect of heterogeneity for yearling weights measured in different test phases of the South African National Beef Cattle Improvement Scheme

South African Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4314/sajas.v32i3.3743 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

Author(s):

R.R. Van der Westhuizen ◽

T. Rust

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

South African ◽

The South ◽

Improvement Scheme

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Gold and the South African Economy - Some Recent Developments

South African Journal of Economics ◽

10.1111/j.1813-6982.1974.tb00401.x ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 159-165

Author(s):

GERHARD KOCK

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

The South ◽

Recent Developments

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Recent developments in South African Jesus research: From Andrie du Toit to Willem Vorster

HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies ◽

10.4102/hts.v49i3.2500 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. G. Van Aarde

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

North American ◽

Historical Research ◽

Historical Jesus ◽

African Studies ◽

The South ◽

Recent Developments

Besides the introductory remarics this area report consists of five sections, published in two articles: ‘From Andrie du Toit to Willem Vorster’ and ‘From Willem Vorster to Andries van Aarde’. As part of the introductory remarks the titles of various articles that recently appeared on the South African scene are brought together in the first article. With respect to Du Toit, the overview focuses inter alia on an evaluation of his p re view of historical Jesus research in the light of the results of recent North American and South African studies. Vorster’s contribution is discussed according to two themes: the epistemology of ‘post-critical’ historical research and the presuppositions regarding the ‘Jewishness’ of Jesus.

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Assessment in multicultural groups: The South African case

SA Journal of Industrial Psychology ◽

10.4102/sajip.v30i4.169 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

A. J. R. Van De Vijver ◽

S. Rothmann

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

The South ◽

Employment Equity ◽

Psychometric Instruments ◽

Key Concepts ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Multicultural Assessment ◽

New Instruments

It is argued that the 1998 Employment Equity Act, in which the onus of the proof to demonstrate the adequacy of psychometric instruments is on psychology as a profession, creates daunting tasks, but also creates unique opportunities. Recent developments in the assessment of multicultural groups are described, with an emphasis on procedures to enhance the validity of measures for all groups involved and on procedures to examine validity. Bias and equivalence are treated as key concepts in multicultural assessment. Four kinds of procedures for dealing with multicultural assessment (namely, establishing equivalence of existing instruments, defining new norms, developing new instruments, and studying validity-threatening factors in multicultural assessment) are described and illustrated. Opsomming Daar word geredeneer dat die Wet op Billike Indiensneming, 1998, waarvolgens die onus om die geskiktheid van psigometriese instrumente te bewys na psigologie as professie verskuif, nie net oorweldigende take nie maar ook unieke geleenthede skep. Onlangse ontwikkelings rakende die evaluering van multikulturele groepe word beskryf, met die klem op prosedures om die geldigheid van metings vir alle groepe te verhoog en op prosedures om hierdie geldigheid te ondersoek. Sydigheid en ekwivalensie word as sleutelkonsepte in multikulturele evaluering behandel. Vier soorte prosedures om multikulturele evaluering te hanteer (te wete bepaling van die ekwivalensie van bestaande instrumente, definiëring van nuwe norme, ontwikkeling van nuwe instrumente en ‘n studie van faktore wat die geldigheid van multikulturele evaluering bedreig) word beskryf en geïllustreer.

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Bibliographical Progress in South Africa 1967-1968

African Studies Review ◽

10.1017/s0002020600037598 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 12 (03) ◽

pp. 305-314

Author(s):

Reuben Musiker

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

The State ◽

The South ◽

Recent Developments ◽

The Republic ◽

Interim Period

This is a two-year survey of bibliographical work completed in the Republic of South Africa. Recent developments in current and retrospective national bibliography are outlined. The South African National Bibliography has been mechanised and good progress has been made with the retrospective volume for 1926-1958. Attention is drawn to the State Library's work on the documentation of banned books. Catalogues of important collections completed are briefly described, and recent developments in the field of periodical lists and indexes are outlined. Special attention is paid in the review to Africana indexes and bibliographies. The author concludes that despite lacunae which remain to be filled, the bibliographical scene in South Africa is satisfactory and full of promise. This review, like its forerunner covers a two-year period and is based on information derived from a questionnaire sent to the major libraries of South Africa. The interim period has also been covered to some extent by a number of informal bibliographical progress reports published in the South African Library Association Newsletter.

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A Survey of African Material in the Libraries and Archives of Protestant Missionary Societies in England

History in Africa ◽

10.2307/3171522 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 277-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maidel Cason

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

The South ◽

Christian Missions ◽

Recent Developments ◽

History Of ◽

African Writer ◽

Unique Source ◽

Missionary Societies ◽

The Individual ◽

African Missions

The libraries and archives of mission societies provide rare, often unique, source material concerning the last two centuries of African history. The following survey of Protestant mission societies in England is based on a survey done in 1970. In 1978 letters were written to all societies listed in order to update the material. Replies were received from twenty-one. When no information was received in 1978 this has been indicated in the text. Bibliographical and reference material has also been updated. Included for each of the societies covered is a list of the areas where the society worked in Africa, the types of material held, the mission periodicals produced and notes about access.There are two guides available which cover some of the groups considered. Rosemary Keen's A Survey of the Archives of Selected Missionary Societies (1968) describes the archives of nineteen societies. It is very uneven in coverage and includes a number of inaccuracies. A Guide to Manuscripts and Documents in the British Isles Related to Africa compiled by Noel Matthews and M. Doreen Wainwright was published in 1971 based on a survey done in 1965. It covers eleven of the societies listed here and the extent of coverage is indicated in the individual sections.Early in this century a South African writer attempted to cover all of African missions south of the Sahara. Du Plessis' A History of Christian Missions in South Africa (1911) and his Evangelization of Pagan Africa (1929) are carefully done, detailed accounts from the South African viewpoint. In 1958 Gerdener continued the coverage of South African work with his Recent Developments in the South African Mission Field.

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E-Government Considerations

Public Affairs and Administration ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-8358-7.ch016 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 329-366 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shawren Singh

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

National Income ◽

Control Model ◽

South African Government ◽

The South ◽

African Government ◽

Industrial Age ◽

African Context ◽

And Control

Governments are faced with a number of challenges that are due to the increase in the size of the population and the increase in demands from the population for efficient and effective access to services. While the needs of the citizens have evolved, government structures still reflect industrial-age organisational thinking based on a command-and-control model (Tapscott, 2010). In order to deliver services, substantial funding is required; at the same time, there has been a feeling that government has consumed too large a portion of the national income and that in general the payments made by the citizens have got to be curtailed. In this dilemma of being able to balance the supply and demand for services, government has looked at using ICT to modernise the service-delivery process. The South African government is using ICT to modernise its process; this chapter is an overview of the South African context.

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