Effect of root-rot fungus (Macrophomina phaseolina) on the life cycle of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) Race-2 on balsam

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (14) ◽  
pp. 1387-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sharma ◽  
T. A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Race 2

scholarly journals Control of the root-rot and root-knot disease complex by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: impact of bacterial rhizosphere colonization

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
I. A. Siddiqui ◽  
S. Ehteshamul-Haque ◽  
S. S.. Shaukat
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Gall Formation ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Rhizosphere Colonization ◽  
Growth Promoting

The potential of 3 <i>Pseudomonas aeriuginosa</i> strains as biocontrol agents of rootinfecting fungi <i>Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium solani</i> and <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and the root-knot nematode <i>Meloidogyne javanica</i> was tested on chili and uridbean under greenhouse conditions. All the three strains significantly reduced nematode populations in soil, invasion, multiplication and gall formation due to <i>M.javanica</i>. Root infection by fungi was also effectively suppressed following <i>P.aeruginosa</i> application. Bacterial antagonists exhibited better biocontrol and growth promoting activity in 15-day-old plants than did those harvested at 30 or 45 days. Population of the bacterium in the rhizosphere declined rapidly after 15 days of nematode inoculation. Strain Pa-5 showed maximum nodulation in 15-day-old samplings while strain Pa-7 showed highest number of nodules in 30 and 45-day-old uridbean plants.

scholarly journals Use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and soil organic amendments for the management of root diseases complex of uridbean

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Siddiqui ◽  
S. S.. Shaukat ◽  
S. Ehteshamul-Haque
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Organic Amendment ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Root Diseases ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Efficacy of two strains of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (Pa-5 and IE-2) and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> isolate alone or in conjunction with neem cake or <i>Datura fastuosa</i> was tested for the management of three soilbrne root-infecting fungi including <i>Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium solani</i> and <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and the root-knot nematode, <i>Meloidogyne javanica</i> on uridbean. Biocontrol bacteria used in combination with either neem cake or <i>D.fastuosa</i> gave better control of the root-rot and root-knot infection with the enhancement of growth of uridbean compared to the use ofeither component alone. Neem cake l% w/w mixed with <i>P.aeruginosa</i> strain IE-2 caused greatest inhibition of the root-knot development due to <i>M.javanica, P.aeruginosa</i> and <i>B.subtilis</i> used with organic amendment also increased <i>Bradyrhizobium</i>-nodules in the root system.

scholarly journals Heritability of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) Resistance in Sweetpotatoes

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 622a-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Maluf ◽  
S. M. Azevedo ◽  
V.P. Campos
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Diverse Origin ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Heritabilities for resistance to root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita races 1, 2, 3, and 4) were studied in a population of 226 sweetpotato clones of diverse origin. For each nematode isolate tested, 128-cell speedling trays were filled with previously inoculated substrate (30000 eggs/1000 mL substrate). Sweetpotato clones suitably tagged and identified were randomly planted in the cells (one plant/cell), with a total of four plants per clone per isolate. Ninety days after inoculation, sweetpotato plants had their roots washed for substrate removal, and treated with 150 mg·L–1 Phloxine B to stain nematode egg masses. The number of egg masses per root was recorded, and plants were accordingly assigned scores from 0 (highly resistant) to 5 (highly susceptible). Broad-sense heritability estimates were 0.87, 0.91, 0.81, 0.95, and 0.93 respectively for resistance to M. javanica and races 1, 2, 3, and 4 of M. incognita. The frequencies of resistant genotypes were higher for M. javanica and lower for M. incognita race 2. Genotypic correlations (rG) among the resistances to the various Meloidogyne isolates utilized were weak, ranging from 0.11 to 0.57, suggesting independent genetic controls. Clones could be selected, however, with high levels of resistance to all nematode isolates tested. (This work was supported by CNPq, CAPES, FAPEMIG, and FAEPE/UFLA.)

scholarly journals Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek)-mediated suppression of Meloidogyne javanica in mungbean

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Zia ◽  
Imran A. Siddiqui ◽  
Syed S. Shaukat ◽  
Syed Nazaru-Hasnai
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
Root Tissues ◽  
Population Numbers

Soil amendments with powdered seeds of <i>Trigonella foenum - graecum</i> (fenugreek) caused soil suppressiveness against <i>Meloidogyne javanica</i>. Decomposed seeds of fenugreek caused marked reduction in nematode population densities and subsequent root-knot development as compared to the aqueous extract of the seeds indicating that some indirect factors are involved in the suppression of root-knot nematode. Both decomposed seeds and aqueous extracts enhanced plant height and fresh weights of shoot whereas root growth remained uninfluenced. Changes in fungal communities associated with nematode control were studied by comparing population numbers of fungi in the soil and in internal root tissues (endorhiza) in non-amended and fenugreekamended soils. <i>Acremonium</i> sp., <i>Chaetomium globosum, Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina</i> and <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> were found to colonize inner root tissues of mungbean. <i>Acremonium</i> sp., <i>C. globosum</i> and <i>F.solani</i> were isolated in a relatively higher frequency from roots growing in the amended soils while <i>M. phaseolina</i> and <i>R. solani</i> colonized greatly in roots growing in non-amended soil. Of the fungi isolated from soils, <i>Penicillium brefaldianum</i> caused maximum juvenile mortality of <i>M.javanica</i> whereas <i>F.solani</i> caused greatest inhibition of egg hatch.

scholarly journals A Survey Report of Disease Fields of District; Swabi, Buner, Haripur and Mardan Province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-300
Author(s):  
Gulnaz Parveen ◽  
Salma Gul ◽  
Kaleemullah Khan ◽  
Zubia Rahim ◽  
M.Ather Rafi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Survey Report

A survey of diseased fields of total (35) areas located in four different Districts of Khyber  Pakhtun Khwa like Buner (4 areas), Swabi (23 areas) Mardan (3 areas) and Haripur (5areas) was carried out for estimation of losses and identification of root disease causing pathogens in 14 different economically important crops like Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), Ladyfinger (Abelmoscus esculentus), Chilli (Capsicum anuum), Eggplant (Solanum melongena), Maize (Zea mays), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), Wheat (Triticum estivum), Garlic (Allium sativum), Mustard (Brassica compestres), Clover (Trifolium repens), Onion (Allium cepa), Turnip (Brassica rapa), Radish (Raphanus sativus) and Pea (Pisum sativum). The most common root rot pathogens found in all the areas visited were Alternaria alternate, A.solani, Rhizoctonia solani Macrophomina phaseolina and species of Fusarium viz., Fusarium solani and F.oxysporum. Two species of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica and M. incognita were also found causing root- knot disease. The eggplant was found upto 20-76% losses when an infection caused by the combined effect of F. oxysporum, M.phaseolina. R. solani and root-knot nematodes. Similarly, the loss of chiliplants was found 40-65% due to the combined effect of F. solani, M.phaseolina, R. solani, and root-knot nematodes. Zea mays crops were reported 50-77% losses due to Drecslera spp, F.solani, and A. solani Losses recorded by these root-rot and root-knot pathogens were found variable depending upon a combination of pathogens, temperature and soil types.  

scholarly journals Use of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the control od root-knot disease complex in tomato: the effects of different inoculum levels of Meloidogyne javanica and Rhizoctonia solani

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Siddiqui ◽  
S. Ehteshamul-Haque ◽  
S. S. Shaukat
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Culture Suspension ◽  
Rot Disease

The potential impact of <em>Pseudomons aeruginosa</em> strain IE-6 as a biological control agent against <em>Meloidogyne javanica</em> at four inoculum densities (0, 250, 500 and 1000 eggs/plant) and <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em> at three inoeulum levels (0, 1 and 3 ml culture suspension/kg of soil) was examined on tomato in the greenhouse experiments. The biocontrol bacterium suppressed root infection caused by <em>R. solani</em> and <em>M. javanica</em> on tomato in both sterilized and non-sterilized soils. Root-rot infection increased with the increase in pathogen(s) concentration. <em>P. aeruginosa</em> showed better biocontrol effects at low population levels of <em>M.javanica</em> and <em>R. solani</em> than at higher population densities of the pathogen(s). Root-rot disease severity was more pronounced in sterilized soil compared to the non-sterilized one. Soil infested with high population densities ofR. solani (3 ml /kg of soil) and <em>M. javanica</em> (2000 eggs/pot) resulted in complete mortality of tomato seedlings in sterilized soil, whereas some plants were found to survive in non-stenlized soil. There seems to be a correlation between population density of <em>M. javanica</em> and root colonization by <em>R. solani</em>. Root colonization by other three root-infecting fungi including <em>Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium oxysporum</em> and <em>Fusarium solani</em> was also lower in the presence of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> in non-sterilized soil. <em>P. aeruginosa</em> enhanced plant growth in both types of soil.

Infections of bean plant and field soil are linked to region, root rot pathogen, and agro-ecosystem

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Naseri ◽  
M. Gheitury ◽  
M. Veisi
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Soil Variables ◽  
Plant Infection ◽  
Pathogen Prevalence ◽  
Soil Infestation

SummaryUnderstanding pathogen-agrosystem interaction is particularly essential when applying a control method to minimize pathogen prevalence prior to plant infection. To meet this requirement, frequency of major root rot pathogens isolated from bean root and seed, and their soil populations were examined in farmers’ fields. Multivariate analyses evidenced more frequent isolations of Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani from root and seed compared to Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium oxysporum. Two Fusarium species had denser soil populations than R. solani and M. phaseolina. More frequent isolations of pathogens were detected in root and seed collected from Abhar and Khodabandeh compared to Kheirabad region. Agronomic and soil variables corresponded less closely to root infections compared to soil infestation and seed infections. Bean market class, herbicide application, and planting depth were linked to root, seed and soil infestations. Such information provides a basis for increased confidence in choosing appropriate control strategies for a pathogen and region in sustainable agriculture.

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