Effects of belowground interactions on crop yields and nutrient uptake in maize-faba bean relay intercropping systems

Chocolate spot, which is caused by the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis fabae, is a major foliar disease occurring worldwide and dramatically reducing crop yields in faba bean (Vicia faba). Although chemical control of this disease is an option, it has serious economic and environmental drawbacks that make resistant cultivars a more sensible choice. The molecular mechanisms behind the defense against B. fabae are poorly understood. In this work, we studied the leave proteome in two faba bean genotypes that respond differently to B. fabae in order to expand the available knowledge on such mechanisms. For this purpose, we used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) in combination with Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI-TOF/TOF). Univariate statistical analysis of the gels revealed 194 differential protein spots, 102 of which were identified by mass spectrometry. Most of the spots belonged to proteins in the energy and primary metabolism, degradation, redox or response to stress functional groups. The MS results were validated with assays of protease activity in gels. Overall, they suggest that the two genotypes may respond to B. fabae with a different PSII protein repair cycle mechanism in the chloroplast. The differences in resistance to B. fabae may be the result of a metabolic imbalance in the susceptible genotype and of a more efficient chloroplast detoxification system in the resistant genotype at the early stages of infection.

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Maximizing Yields, Nutrient Uptake and Balance for Mustard-Mungbean-T. Aman Rice Cropping Systems through Nutrient Management Practices in Calcareous Soils

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v9n9p210 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 210 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. A. Quddus ◽

M. J. Abedin Mian ◽

H. M. Naser ◽

M. A. Hossain ◽

S. Sultana

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Management Practices ◽

Nutrient Management ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Block Design ◽

Calcareous Soils ◽

Cropping System ◽

Soil Test ◽

Positive Balance

The experiment was conducted to measure crop yields, nutrient concentration, nutrient uptake and balance by using different nutrient management practices for mustard-mungbean-T. aman rice cropping system in calcareous soil of Madaripur, Bangladesh. Different nutrient management practices were absolute nutrient control (T1); farmer’s practice (T2); AEZ based nutrient application (T3) and soil test based nutrient application (T4). The practices were compared in a randomized completely block design with three replications over two consecutive years. The average yield through application of soil test based nutrient (T4) was showed effective to get highest yields of mustard (1530 kg ha-1), mungbean (1632 kg ha-1) and T. aman rice (4729 kg ha-1). The same practices (T4) exhibited the greatest nutrients uptake by the test crops. The apparent balance of N and K was negative; however it was less negative and less deficiency detect in T4 treatment. Positive balance of P observed in all practices except in T1. There was a positive S balance (7.60 kg ha-1) in T4 but negative in T1, T2 and T3. Zinc balance was found positive in T3 and T4 and negative in T1 and T2. Boron balance in the system was neutral or slightly positive in T1 and negative in T2 but positive in T3 and T4. Organic matter, N, P, S, Zn and B status in soil was improved by T4 treatment. The results suggested that the soil test based nutrient application is viable and sustainable for mustard-mungbean-T. aman rice cropping system in calcareous soils of Bangladesh.

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Inoculation, phosphorous and zinc fertilization effects on nodulation, yield and nutrient uptake of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) grown on calcaric cambisol of semiarid Ethiopia

Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management ◽

10.5897/jssem2013.0406 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 9-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Desta Yohannes ◽

Habtegebrial Kiros ◽

Weldu Yirga

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Vicia Faba ◽

Faba Bean ◽

Zinc Fertilization ◽

Vicia Faba L ◽

Fertilization Effects

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Nutrient Expert for High Yield and Use Efficiency in Rainfed Bt Cotton Hybrids

Frontiers in Agronomy ◽

10.3389/fagro.2021.777300 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

Author(s):

Angamuthu Manikandan ◽

Desouza Blaise ◽

Sudarshan Dutta ◽

T. Satyanarayana ◽

Bhargavi Bussa

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Nutrient Balance ◽

Central India ◽

The Other ◽

Utilization Efficiency ◽

High Yield ◽

Bt Cotton ◽

Fertilizer Recommendation

Low cotton productivity in the rainfed cotton grown in central India is attributed to abiotic (water and nutrients) and biotic (insect pests and diseases) stress. Nutrient stress can be overcome by providing nutrients in right amounts and at the right time when the plant needs the most. Field studies in cereal crops have demonstrated fertilizer recommendations by using the Nutrient Expert® (NE) decision support system to improve crop yields. However, such information in the case of the commercial crop, cotton, is scarce. Therefore, on-farm trials were conducted in three districts of Maharashtra, India during 2018–2020 with the hypothesis that the NE-based fertilizer recommendation would lead to higher cotton productivity and savings in fertilizer. Averaged over two seasons and locations, lint yield was significantly greater in the NE based than the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), soil test crop response (STCR), and farmers' practice (FP). Internal utilization efficiency (IE) did not differ among treatments for N (4.8 to 5.9 kg lint kg−1 nutrient uptake) and K (6.7 to 7.2 kg lint kg−1 nutrient uptake). With regard to the fertilizer P applied, the FP treatment had the least IE (17.0 kg lint kg−1 nutrient uptake) and was significantly lower than the other treatments. Partial nutrient balance (PNB) did not vary among treatments for applied fertilizer N. The FP treatment had PNB < 1 in case of fertilizer P and ~20 in the case of fertilizer K. This indicates farmers applied excess of P fertilizers. On the other hand, farmers in the region applied very small amount of K. Although the NE treatment had the highest cost of cultivation, net returns were the greatest followed by the STCR and RDF treatments. Our studies demonstrate that the NE-based fertilizer recommendation is not only productive, but also profitable.

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New sources of earliness for Finnish faba bean breeding

Suomen Maataloustieteellisen Seuran Tiedote ◽

10.33354/smst.75501 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hamid Khazaei ◽

Frederick Stoddard ◽

Clara Lizarazo ◽

Ken Street

Keyword(s):

Faba Bean ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Block Design ◽

Early Flowering ◽

Early Maturity ◽

Growing Period ◽

Breeding Goal ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Vicia Faba L ◽

Days To Maturity

Crop yields in Finland are limited by many factors, such as the short growing season and spring drought. Thus earliness is an important breeding goal in Finnish agriculture, and is especially needed in some crops such as faba bean that have a longer growing period than cereals. During 2009-2011, 400 accessions of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) from 34 countries were evaluated for morpho-physiological traits related to drought resistance and the earliest accessions were identified. The four earliest accessions, from Cyprus and Syria, were sown in a pot experiment, together with Kontu and Witkiem Manita (an early-flowering, large-seeded Dutch cultivar) in order to determine days to flowering, podding and maturity under controlled conditions. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. There were highly significant differences for all studied traits (p<0.001). Accessions D497, D557 and D505 had significantly faster progress to flowering and podding compared to Kontu. Accession D497 was the earliest genotype with 947 GDD (Growing degree-days to maturity), followed by accession D557 (985 GDD), and Kontu and Witkiem Manita were latest accessions in this study (1165 and 1159 GDD, respectively). The linkage of early flowering and early maturity to large seed size needs to be tested. These accessions may be valuable sources of earliness that could be used in faba bean breeding for short seasons such as those in Finland.

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