Judicial and prosecutorial decision-making: Assessing the effects of race, gender, and age on federal downward sentencing departures, 2013 – 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Holmes ◽  
Christopher D’Amato
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7505
Author(s):  
Victoria Bogdan ◽  
Delia Deliu ◽  
Tomina Săveanu ◽  
Olimpia Iuliana Ban ◽  
Dorina Nicoleta Popa

This research aims to investigate whether gender and age of Professional Accountants influence their opinion upon accounting judgments and sustainable decision-making. Through a questionnaire, accountants were interrogated about their education, professional profile, age, gender, personality traits, and their perception on accounting judgment and professional behavior. On one hand, results showed that women accountants are more inclined to comply with accounting regulations and more interested in following an ethical behavior. Moreover, women tend to be more interested in fulfilling managers’ expectations and more willing to collaborate. On the other hand, men accountants proved to be more independent in judgments and more skeptical. Furthermore, men have a greater propensity to make accurate, sustainable judgments, considering the evaluation of goodwill as more important than women. However, no correlations were found between age, gender and accountants’ perception on the theoretical framework of professional accounting judgment. As the age of accountants grows, the compliance degree to regulations increases. This study adds value to gender accounting literature by the way it examines accountants’ behavior and perception towards accounting judgments and sustainable decisions in correlation to gender diversity and age.


2020 ◽  
pp. 135910532095346
Author(s):  
Matthew Hanauer ◽  
Dubravka Svetina Valdivia

Current methods for assessing health capital are not accessible to clinicians. To increase accessibility, we evaluated a Brief Adult Health Capital Scale (BAHCS-10) using classical and modern testing theories. With 588 clients, we found an adequate fit for the BAHCS-10[Formula: see text], CFIscaled = 0.949, TLIscaled = 0.935, RMSEA = 0.077, and the SRMR = 0.060. We also found evidence of invariance across race but did find significant non-invariance across some items for gender and age. Future researchers should review items displaying noninvariance and develop optimal cut scores for the BAHCS-10 to further support clinician decision making.


Author(s):  
Javier Páez Gallego ◽  
Ángel De-Juanas Oliva ◽  
Francisco Javier García-Castilla ◽  
Álvaro Muelas

This paper examines the relationship between decision-making styles and values of Spanish adolescents and analyses the role of age and gender on their use of adaptive and maladaptive decision-making styles. The scientific literature suggests that decision-making consists of different stages through which individuals reach a solution to their dilemmas. An ex post facto quantitative, non-experimental research design was used and applied to a sample of adolescents of Madrid (España). The Flinders Adolescents Decision-Making Questionnaire (FADMQ) by Mann as well as the Schwartz Values Scale (SVS) were also used. Correlation analysis was used to analyze the decision-making styles and values of adolescents using the variables gender and age to classify the sample. The study concludes that adolescents who use an adaptive decision-making style tend to pursue mastery of the values Self-direction, Stimulation, Achievement, and Power, whereas adolescents who use a maladaptive style tend to shy away from the value Self-direction and are more conservative. In terms of gender, the results for both females and males coincide in the significant correlations found between their decision-making styles and values. In terms of age, the correlations between values and decision-making styles are higher and numerous in younger adolescents. We conclude that the relationships verified could help educators to engage and act on the development of specific decision-making training programs based on the values of adolescents.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
M.L. Hernández Prieto ◽  
A. Romero Romero ◽  
S. Rodríguez González ◽  
A. Romero de la Cruz

Analizar el comparativo de la producción por género, porcentajes y diferencias entre la planta docente para identificar que es lo que propicia o no el desarrollo de la investigación. Mediante una metodología de investigación documental, derivando en toma de decisiones. Contribución. El análisis presentado es el resultado de la investigación documental que se realizó en el periodo comprendido entre 2014-A a mayo 2015-A, teniendo como marco de estudio la producción realizada por Profesores de Tiempo Completo (PTC) en relación a publicaciones y/o trabajos de calidad en espacios calificados que reflejen el esfuerzo desarrollado en dicho periodo. Estos resultados propiciaron la toma de decisiones y acciones por parte de las autoridades del recinto universitario. Se presenta también la producción por género y antigüedad. Comparative analysis of the production by gender, percentages and differences between the teaching staff to identify what is conducive or not the conduct of the investigation. Using a methodology of documentary research, leading to decision making. Contribution. The analysis presented is the result of documentary research carried out in the period 2014 to May 2015- A-A, framed studio production by full-time faculty (PTC) in relation to publications and / or quality jobs in qualified areas that reflect the effort made in that period. These results led to the decision making and action by the authorities of the campus. Production by gender and age is also presented.


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