Physical activity, sitting time, and the risk of ovarian cancer: A brief research report employing a meta-analysis of existing

ObjectiveTo examine whether the associations between sedentary behaviours (ie, daily sitting/TV-viewing time) and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer differ by different levels of physical activity (PA).DesignHarmonised meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Data on exposure variables were harmonised according to a predefined protocol and categorised into four groups for sedentary behaviours and into quartiles of PA (MET-hour/week).Data sourcesPubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science, Sport Discus and Scopus.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesIndividual level data on both sedentary behaviours and PA and reported effect estimates for CVD or cancer mortality.ResultsNine studies (n=850 060; deaths=25 730) and eight studies (n=777 696; deaths=30 851) provided data on sitting time and CVD and cancer mortality, respectively. Five studies had data on TV-viewing time and CVD (n=458 127; deaths=13 230) and cancer (n=458 091; deaths=16 430) mortality. A dose–response association between sitting time (9%–32% higher risk; p for trend <0.001) and TV time (3%–59% higher risk; p for trend <0.001) with CVD mortality was observed in the ‘inactive’, lowest quartile of PA. Associations were less consistent in the second and third quartiles of PA, and there was no increased risk for CVD mortality with increasing sedentary behaviours in the most active quartile. Associations between sedentary behaviours and cancer mortality were generally weaker; 6%–21% higher risk with longer sitting time observed only in the lowest quartile of PA.ConclusionPA modifies the associations between sedentary behaviours and CVD and cancer mortality. These findings emphasise the importance of higher volumes of moderate and vigorous activity to reduce, or even eliminate these risks, especially for those who sit a lot in their daily lives.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Does physical activity attenuate, or even eliminate, the detrimental association of sitting time with mortality? A harmonised meta-analysis of data from more than 1 million men and women.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.726580477.793527747 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Vikneswaran Namasivayam

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Sitting Time ◽

Men And Women

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Recreational Physical Activity and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Case-Control Study, Systematic Review, and Meta-analysis

Yearbook of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1016/s0162-0908(08)79353-x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 264-266

Author(s):

R.J. Shephard

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Case Control ◽

Recreational Physical Activity ◽

Control Study

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Effects of Interrupting Prolonged Sitting with Physical Activity Breaks on Blood Glucose, Insulin and Triacylglycerol Measures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Sports Medicine ◽

10.1007/s40279-019-01183-w ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 295-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Roland Loh ◽

Emmanuel Stamatakis ◽

Dirk Folkerts ◽

Judith E. Allgrove ◽

Hannah J. Moir

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Arterial Disease ◽

Sitting Time ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Metabolic Markers ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Continuous Exercise ◽

Prolonged Sitting

Abstract Background Physical activity (PA) breaks in sitting time might attenuate metabolic markers relevant to the prevention of type 2 diabetes. Objectives The primary aim of this paper was to systematically review and meta-analyse trials that compared the effects of breaking up prolonged sitting with bouts of PA throughout the day (INT) versus continuous sitting (SIT) on glucose, insulin and triacylglycerol (TAG) measures. A second aim was to compare the effects of INT versus continuous exercise (EX) on glucose, insulin and TAG measures. Methods The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Eligibility criteria consisted of trials comparing INT vs. SIT or INT vs. one bout of EX before or after sitting, in participants aged 18 or above, who were classified as either metabolically healthy or impaired, but not with other major health conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or peripheral arterial disease. Results A total of 42 studies were included in the overall review, whereas a total of 37 studies were included in the meta-analysis. There was a standardised mean difference (SMD) of − 0.54 (95% CI − 0.70, − 0.37, p = 0.00001) in favour of INT compared to SIT for glucose. With respect to insulin, there was an SMD of − 0.56 (95% CI − 0.74, − 0.38, p = 0.00001) in favour of INT. For TAG, there was an SMD of − 0.26 (95% CI − 0.44, − 0.09, p = 0.002) in favour of INT. Body mass index (BMI) was associated with glucose responses (β = − 0.05, 95% CI − 0.09, − 0.01, p = 0.01), and insulin (β = − 0.05, 95% CI − 0.10, − 0.006, p = 0.03), but not TAG (β = 0.02, 95% CI − 0.02, 0.06, p = 0.37). When energy expenditure was matched, there was an SMD of − 0.26 (95% CI − 0.50, − 0.02, p = 0.03) in favour of INT for glucose, but no statistically significant SMDs for insulin, i.e. 0.35 (95% CI − 0.37, 1.07, p = 0.35), or TAG i.e. 0.08 (95% CI − 0.22, 0.37, p = 0.62). It is worth noting that there was possible publication bias for TAG outcomes when PA breaks were compared with sitting. Conclusion The use of PA breaks during sitting moderately attenuated post-prandial glucose, insulin, and TAG, with greater glycaemic attenuation in people with higher BMI. There was a statistically significant small advantage for PA breaks over continuous exercise for attenuating glucose measures when exercise protocols were energy matched, but no statistically significant differences for insulin and TAG. PROSPERO Registration: CRD42017080982. PROSPERO Registration CRD42017080982.

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