SEM-EDS nanoleakage evaluation of universal-adhesive-systems with etch-and-rinse and self-etch approach

Objective: To evaluate the effect of bonding strategy on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of a new universal adhesive system to primary tooth dentin. Study design: Flat dentin surfaces from 25 primary molars were assigned to 5 groups according to the adhesive and bonding approach: Adper Single Bond 2 (two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive) and Clearfil SE Bond (two-step self-etch system), as controls; Scotchbond Universal Adhesive–self-etch, dry or wet-bonding etch-and-rinse strategies. Composite buildups were constructed and the teeth were sectioned to obtain bonded sticks (0.8 mm2) to be tested under tension at 1mm/min. The μTBS means were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (α = 0.05). Failure mode was evaluated using a stereomicroscope (400×). Results: Universal adhesive applied following both dry and wet-bonding etch-and-rinse strategies showed similar bond strength compared with control adhesive systems. Self-etch approach resulted in the lowest μTBS values. For all groups, adhesive/mixed failure prevailed. The percentage of premature debonded specimens was higher when the universal adhesive was used as self-etch mode. Conclusion: The universal adhesive does not share the same versatility of being used in the etch-and-rinse and self-etch approaches; however, the use of the new adhesive following either wet or dry-bonding may be a suitable option as alternative to two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive protocol.

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Effect of Different Adhesion Protocols on the Shear Bond Strength of Universal Adhesive Systems to Sound and Artificial Caries-Affected Dentin

European Journal of General Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1732776 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Omnia M. Sami ◽

Essam A. Naguib ◽

Rasha H. Afifi ◽

Shaymaa M. Nagi

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Shear Bond Strength ◽

Failure Modes ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Single Bond ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Universal Adhesive ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Self Etch

Abstract Objective Bonding to different dentin substrates influences resin composite restoration outcomes. This study investigated the influence of different adhesion protocols on the shear bond strength of universal adhesive systems to sound and artificial caries-affected dentin (CAD). Materials and Methods Occlusal enamel of 80 premolars were wet grinded to obtain flat midcoronal dentin. Specimens were equally divided according to the substrate condition: sound and CAD by subjecting to pH-cycling for 14 days. Each dentin substrate was bonded with the adhesive systems used in this study: Single Bond universal adhesive or Prime&Bond universal (applied either in etch-and-rinse or self-etch adhesion protocol). Adhesive systems were utilized according to manufacturers’ instructions, then resin composite was built up. Specimens were tested for shear bond strength. The data were analyzed by three-way analysis of variance, and failure modes were determined using stereomicroscope. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two tested adhesive systems on artificially created CAD with different adhesion protocols. On sound dentin, Single Bond universal, either in the etch-and-rinse or self-etch adhesion protocols, revealed higher statistically significant shear bond strength mean values compared with CAD. Conclusion Single Bond universal adhesive in an etch-and-rinse adhesion protocol improved only bonding to sound dentin, while no added positive effect for the etching step with Prime&Bond universal adhesive was found when bonded to both sound and CAD substrates. The influence of CAD on the performance of the universal adhesives was material-dependent.

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Comparison of shear bond strength of different universal adhesive systems using the modes etch and rinse and self etch

European Journal of Therapeutics ◽

10.5152/eurjther.2016.03038 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 209-215

Author(s):

Mehmet Ata Cebe ◽

Hasan Bicakci ◽

Omer Zencirli ◽

Fatma Cebe

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Shear Bond Strength ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Universal Adhesive ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Self Etch

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Cytotoxicity of Etch-and-Rinse, Self-Etch, and Universal Dental Adhesive Systems in Fibroblast Cell Line 3T3

Scanning ◽

10.1155/2017/9650420 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yasmine Mendes Pupo ◽

Cintia Fernanda de Freitas Bernardo ◽

Francielly Fernanda de Freitas A. de Souza ◽

Milton Domingos Michél ◽

Camila Nunes de Morais Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Viability ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Fibroblast Cell ◽

Adhesive System ◽

Negative Control ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Universal Adhesive ◽

Glass Cover ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Self Etch

The aim of this study was to evaluate in fibroblast cultures the direct cytotoxic effects of etch-and-rinse, self-etch, and universal adhesive systems. The sterile glass cover slips (n=3) were then immersed in culture medium to obtain the eluates for the experimental groups: (1) Adper™ Single Bond 2; (2) Ambar; (3) Adper™ Scotchbond™ Multi-Purpose; (4) Scotchbond™ Universal; (5) Ambar Universal; and (6) OptiBond All-In-One. As a negative control, sterile glass cover slips were immersed in culture medium only. After 24 h, the eluate obtained was applied on fibroblast culture. Cell viability and cell morphology were evaluated by MTT assay and SEM, respectively. Data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests (α=0.05). All adhesive systems except universal reduced cell viability in 3T3 cells to between 26.04% and 56.57%, and Scotchbond Universal and Ambar Universal reduced cell viability to 2.13% and 3.57%, respectively, when compared to the negative control. Cytoplasmic membrane shrinkage and cell-free areas with residual membrane fragments from dead cells were observed. In conclusion, improvements in universal adhesive system formulations and their mechanisms of action are not accompanied by increased toxicity compared with those in other systems, warranting commitment to the use of these dentin-pulp complexes.

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Bonding Performance of Universal Adhesive Systems Applied in Etch-and-Rinse and Self-Etch Strategies on Natural Dentin Caries

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/17-252-l ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 510-520 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V Hass ◽

AFM Cardenas ◽

FSF Siqueira ◽

RR Pacheco ◽

PMW Zago ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adhesive System ◽

Strength Analysis ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Hybrid Layer ◽

Universal Adhesive ◽

Universal System ◽

Dentin Caries ◽

Bonding Performance ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Self Etch

SUMMARY Objective: This study investigated the bonding performance of three universal adhesive systems applied using etch-and-rinse (ER) or self-etch (SE) strategies on natural dentin caries. Materials and Methods: Sixty human third molars were selected for this study: 30 naturally carious (CAD) and 30 sound (SD) teeth. The dentin surfaces were exposed, and teeth were randomly assigned to each evaluated adhesive system: Scotchbond Universal (SBU), Futurabond U (FBU), and Prime&Bond Elect (PBE) and an adhesive strategy: ER or SE. The adhesive systems were applied following the manufacturer's instructions, and the teeth were restored using a resin composite (Filtek Supreme Ultra, 3M). After 24 hours (distilled water at 37°C), samples were sectioned and evaluated using microtensile bond strength analysis (μTBS), micro-Raman spectroscopy to evaluate the degree of conversion within the hybrid layer (DC), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) to describe the morphology of the hybrid layer. The μTBS and DC data were analyzed using three-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test for means comparison (α=0.05). The SEM images were analyzed qualitatively. Results: Reduced μTBS values were observed when comparing CAD with SD, regardless of adhesive system or strategy (p<0.0001). SBU showed statistically higher μTBS for both dentin substrates and strategies (p<0.0001). Furthermore, SBU showed greater integrity of the hybrid layer and resin tag formation compared with FBU and PBE. Mean μTBS values for FBU were higher for SD in the SE mode, whereas higher mean μTBS values were observed for CAD in the ER mode, both compared with PBE (p<0.001). Conclusion: Bonding performance is reduced on a caries-affected substrate. The ER strategy was not able to improve the bonding performance on natural CAD for universal adhesive systems. Improved bonding performance was obtained when using the Scotchbond Universal system.

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Shear Bond Strength of Different MDP-Containing Adhesive Systems on Enamel and Dentin from Primary Teeth

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/1053-4625-45.3.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 186-192

Author(s):

Min Jin Kim ◽

Joonhee Kim ◽

Ji-Soo Song ◽

Shin Hye Chung ◽

Hong-Keun Hyun

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Shear Bond Strength ◽

Primary Teeth ◽

Primary Molars ◽

Single Bond ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Universal Adhesive ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Universal Adhesives ◽

Self Etch

Objective: To compare the shear bond strength (SBS) after thermocycling of four universal adhesives applied in self-etch mode on dentin and etch-and-rinse mode on enamel. Study design: Flat 144 buccal or lingual dentin and enamel surfaces from 72 non-carious primary molars were prepared. Samples were segregated into 12 groups (n=12): Adper Single Bond 2 etch-and-rinse (SB_T) and Clearfil SE Bond self-etch (SE_S) applied to enamel and dentin served as controls. Scotch Bond Universal Adhesive (SBU), Clearfil S3 Bond Universal Adhesive (SEU), Tetric N-Bond Universal Adhesive (TEN), and All Bond Universal (BIS) were applied in etch-and-rinse mode to enamel and in self-etch mode to dentin. They were thermocycled for 5000 cycles. SBS testing and the evaluation of fracture mode were performed. Results: SB_T showed statistically higher SBS than other adhesive groups using etch-and-rinse mode on enamel. SE_S and BIS had statistically higher SBS than other adhesive groups using self-etch mode on dentin. Mixed failure was the most common failure mode in each group. Conclusion: The universal adhesives did not show higher SBS than SB_T when using etch-and-rinse on enamel. All universal adhesives showed higher SBS than SB_T and had SBS similar to SE_S, except SBU when using self-etch mode on dentin.

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Two Adhesive Systems-effect on Adhesion to Tooth Structure

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.19.7.7389 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (7) ◽

pp. 2608-2613

Author(s):

Larisa Simona Deac ◽

Kamel Earar ◽

Adela Loredana Colceriu Burtea ◽

Alexandra Stefania Berghe ◽

Aurora Antoniac ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adhesive Systems ◽

Hybrid Layer ◽

Tooth Structure ◽

Selective Etch ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Wisdom Teeth ◽

Group 2 ◽

Self Etch ◽

Group 1

This study evaluates and compares by dye penetration method and SEM photomicrographs the sealing obtained using two different classes of adhesive systems (etch-and-rinse and self-etch with selective etching) with SDR (Dentsply) bulk fill composite. 84 class V cavities were prepared on oral and vestibular face of 42 intact, freshly extracted wisdom teeth. The cavities were randomly divided in two groups and restored: Group 1 with prime &bond one select (Dentsply) and SDR (Dentsply) and Group 2 with prime&bond one Etch&Rinse (Dentsply) and SDR (Dentsply). Prime&bond one Select (Dentsply) is a single component adhesive and can be used in self etch mode, in selective enamel etch mode, or in etch-and-rinse mode. We chosen for this study the selective etch of the enamel mode. Prime&bond one Etch Rinse (Dentsply) is a universal etch-and-rinse one-bottle dental adhesive, designed to be used in two steps. The bulk fill composites are commonly used in modern dentistry due to their properties of low polymerization shrinkage and curing in layer of 4 mm depth, offering the practitioner a fast clinical procedure with good results. The results showed a good sealing at enamel and dentin margins with no statistically significant difference between adhesives, even though the mean of enamel infiltration was smaller for Group1. Furthermore the results show that there were differences between the two groups, for the infiltrations at the enamel, the values of microleakage being arithmetically higher for Group 1, but with no statistically difference between the two groups.SEM images showed for both groups a good adhesion surface with the tooth, but the hybrid layer of the total-etch adhesives is different from the hybrid layer formed by self etch adhesives, in terms of thickness, uniformity. In conclusion both adhesive systems have equivalent sealing qualities and can be successfully used with SDR.

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Microleakage After Thermocycling of 4 Etch and Rinse and 3 Self-etch Adhesives With and Without a Flowable Composite Lining

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/05-55 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 450-455 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

A. M. Guéders ◽

J. F. Charpentier ◽

A. I. Albert ◽

S. O. Geerts

Keyword(s):

Clinical Relevance ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Flowable Composite ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Composite Lining ◽

Self Etch

Clinical Relevance This study indicates that etch and rinse adhesive systems are less prone to microleakage than self-etch systems.

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Effect of Different Protocols in Preconditioning With EDTA in Sclerotic Dentin and Enamel Before Universal Adhesives Applied in Self-etch Mode

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/16-014-l ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 284-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

EC Martini ◽

SO Parreiras ◽

MF Gutierrez ◽

AD Loguercio ◽

A Reis

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Microtensile Bond Strength ◽

Universal Adhesive ◽

Etching Pattern ◽

Bonding Performance ◽

Universal Adhesives ◽

Microshear Bond Strength ◽

Self Etch ◽

Main Factor

SUMMARY Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different protocols of 17% ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) conditioning on the etching pattern and immediate bond strength of universal adhesives to enamel and sclerotic dentin. Methods and Materials: Forty bovine teeth with sclerotic dentin and 20 human third molars were randomly divided into eight groups resulting from the combination of the main factors surface treatment (none, two-minute EDTA conditioning manual application, 30-second EDTA manual application, 30-second EDTA sonic application) and adhesives systems (Scotchbond Universal Adhesive [SBU] and Prime & Bond Elect [PBE]). Resin-dentin and enamel-dentin bond specimens were prepared and tested under the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and microshear bond strength (μSBS) tests, respectively. The etching pattern produced on the unground enamel and the sclerotic dentin surfaces under the different protocols and adhesive systems was evaluated under scanning electron microscopy. Results: For enamel, only the main factor adhesive was significant (p<0.0001), with SBU showing the highest μSBS. In sclerotic dentin, the lowest mean was observed for the group without EDTA application and the highest mean in the group with EDTA application with the sonic device for 30 seconds. Regardless of the EDTA protocol, the highest means of μTBS were observed for SBU (p<0.05). Conclusions: EDTA conditioning improves the bonding performance of universal adhesives in the self-etch mode on sclerotic dentin, mainly when applied for 30 seconds with the aid of a sonic device. EDTA pretreatment also improves the retentive etching pattern of enamel, but it does not result in higher enamel bond strength.

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