scholarly journals Research on rural land planning based on traditional farming culture

Author(s):  
Zhuang Fei
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 118-151
Author(s):  
Fernanda Balestro ◽  
Fábio Lúcio Lopes Zampieri

ResumoO principal instrumento brasileiro de regulação de uso do solo é a legislação, que ordena e regra a ocupação do território. Neste estudo objetivou-se verificar a efetividade da legislação como instrumento para regular a expansão urbana em zonas rurais.  Fez-se isso a partir de um confronto entre os resultados esperados e os efetivos da aplicação da legislação de ocupação do território para o município de Estância Velha, de 1955 a 2018. Levantou-se toda a legislação urbanística municipal, identificou-se e mapeou-se as alterações no macrozoneamento urbano-rural do município e as barreiras à expansão urbana. Avaliou-se os aumentos no perímetro urbano quanto à sua necessidade comparando-os ao contexto econômico e demográfico. Viu-se que a legislação exerceu um fator importante de ordenamento territorial, porém insuficiente, dado que ocupações com fins urbanos dentro da zona rural continuaram ocorrendo e foram pretexto para aumentos de perímetro urbano. Verificou-se que a legislação urbanística foi parcialmente efetiva e teve um papel relevante na definição de barreiras à expansão urbana; que determinados tipos de uso do solo nestes locais reforçam a legislação; e que não há garantia da permanência da condição de barreira ao longo do tempo, dada a fragilidade da proteção legal e pressões por modificações da legislação.Palavras-chave: Legislação urbanística. Expansão urbana. Urbanização de zonas rurais. Barreiras à expansão urbana. Regularização fundiária. AbstractThe aim of this study is to verify the effectiveness of laws and regulations that control urban expansion in rural areas, since they are the main Brazilian land planning instruments . Thus, we compare the expected results of the application of land use laws with the effective land occupation for the municipality of Estância Velha, in Brazil, in the period from 1955 to 2018. This paper identifies each local urban planning law, while analyzing and mapping land zoning changes between urban and rural zones, along with identified barriers to urban expansion. The increases in the urban perimeter were assessed as to their need by comparing them to the economic and demographic context. Results show that legislation is an important land planning instrument, although insufficient, given that urban land uses were still found in rural zones and were used as a pretext for urban perimeter increases. It is also shown that urban planning laws play an important - however partially effective - role related to delimiting barriers to urban expansion, despite the fact that certain types of preexisting land uses in these places reinforce such laws. Finally, it was also noted that there is no guarantee of the barrier condition lasting over time, given the fragility of legal protection and the pressures to modify it.Keywords: Urban law. Urban expansion. Rural land urbanization. Urban expansion barriers. Land regularization.


Author(s):  
R. F. Legget

AbstractGeology is of fundamental importance as far as the planning of physical facilities and individual structure is concerned and recognition of this allows wise use of urban and rural land. As land is the surface expression of the underlying geology, planning should not proceed without fully appreciating geological conditions. Foundation, tunnels, transportation routes, etc. depend for their stability and performance on the geological setting.There are, however, three aspects of geology related to areal planning which are not quite so obvious. First, prior to land being developed it is desirable to know if any useful materials can be retrieved from it before construction starts. Sequential land planning is therefore important. Secondly, there is likely to be an increased utilization of underground space in the years ahead. Thirdly, all those concerned with planning must realise that groundwater is a dynamic system and that, in particular, watertables can rise and fall, and thereby can influence subsurface structures.


2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oren Yiftachel

This article examines the evolving relations between Israel and the indigenous Bedouin Arab population of the southern Beer-Sheba region. It begins with a discussion of theoretical aspects, highlighting a structural conflict embedded in the ‘ethnocratic’ nature of nation-building typical of ‘pure’ settler states, such as Israel. The place of the Bedouin Arab community is then analyzed, focusing on the impact of one of Israel's central policies—the Judaization of territory. The study traces the various legal, planning and economic strategies of Judaizing contested lands in the study area. These have included the nationalization of Arab land, the pervasive establishment of Jewish settlements, the forced urbanization of the Bedouin Arabs, and the denial of basic services to Bedouins who refuse to urbanize. However, the analysis also finds a growing awareness among indigenous Arabs of their being discriminated against on ethnic grounds, and the emergence of effective resistance. In recent years, this has resulted in a deadlock between state authorities and the indigenous peoples. The case of the Bedouin Arabs demonstrates that the ethnocentric settler state is weakening and fragmenting, partially at least, due to its own expansionist land, planning and development policies.


2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Martinuzzi ◽  
William A. Gould ◽  
Olga M. Ramos Gonzalez ◽  
Maya Quinones ◽  
Michael E. Jimenez

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