In vitro anti-inflammatory activities of blacklip abalone (Haliotis rubra) in RAW 264.7 macrophages

In the present study, the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of the sulfated polysaccharides isolated from Sargassum fulvellum (SFPS) were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and zebrafish. The results indicated that SFPS improved the viability of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages from 80.02 to 86.80, 90.09, and 94.62% at the concentration of 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL, respectively. Also, SFPS remarkably and concentration-dependently decreased the production levels of inflammatory molecules including nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, prostaglandin E2, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6 in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, SFPS significantly inhibited the expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, the in vivo test results indicated that SFPS improved the survival rate of LPS-treated zebrafish from 53.33 to 56.67, 60.00, and 70.00% at the concentration of 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, SFPS effectively reduced cell death, reactive oxygen species, and NO levels in LPS-stimulated zebrafish. Taken together, these results suggested that SFPS possesses strong in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities, and could be used as an ingredient to develop anti-inflammatory agents in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries.

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Enhanced anti-inflammatory effect of resveratrol and EPA in treated endotoxin-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114511007057 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 108 (9) ◽

pp. 1562-1573 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Victor Pallarès ◽

Damien Calay ◽

Lídia Cedó ◽

Anna Castell-Auví ◽

Martine Raes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽

No Production ◽

Raw 264.7 ◽

Fish Food ◽

Antioxidant Genes ◽

Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Macrophages play an important role in immunogenic challenges by producing reactive oxygen species, NO and proinflammatory cytokines that can aggravate and propagate local inflammation. Multiple mechanisms regulate these inflammatory processes. NF-κB and activator protein 1 pathways are crucial in the expression of proinflammatory genes, such as TNF-α, IL-1 (α or β) and -6. Some polyphenols, which are present in beverages, vegetables and fruits, and PUFA, which are present in marine oils and fish food, possess anti-inflammatory effects in vivo and in vitro. Our aim in the present study was to assess whether polyphenols and PUFA have synergistic anti-inflammatory effects in murine macrophages in vitro. Inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages was induced by lipopolysaccharide at 100 ng/ml. The treatments with molecules were performed by co-incubation for 19 h. A NO production assay by Griess reaction, a phosphoprotein assay by Pathscan ELISA kit and gene expression analysis using the TaqMan® Low-density Array for ninety-one genes related to inflammation, oxidative stress and metabolism were performed to assess the synergistic anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenols, epigallocatechin gallate and resveratrol (Res; 2·5 μg/ml), and the PUFA, DHA and EPA (30 μm). Adding Res+EPA had an enhanced anti-inflammatory effect, in comparison with EPA and Res alone, leading to decreased NO levels; modulating the phospho-stress activated protein kinase/Jun N-terminal kinase (P-SAPK/JNK) level; down-regulating proinflammatory genes, such as IL, chemokines, transcription factors; and up-regulating several antioxidant genes. Therefore, this combination has a stronger anti-inflammatory effect than either of these molecules separately in RAW macrophages.

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Echinophora tenuifolia L. inflorescences: phytochemistry and in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology ◽

10.1080/11263504.2016.1231142 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 151 (6) ◽

pp. 1073-1081 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Marrelli ◽

G. A. Statti ◽

F. Menichini ◽

F. Conforti

Keyword(s):

Raw 264.7 ◽

Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Inhibition of Proinflammatory Enzymes and Attenuation of IL-6 in LPS-Challenged RAW 264.7 Macrophages Substantiates the Ethnomedicinal Use of the Herbal Drug Homalium bhamoense Cubitt & W.W.Sm

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21072421 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (7) ◽

pp. 2421 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rungcharn Suksungworn ◽

Paula B. Andrade ◽

Andreia P. Oliveira ◽

Patrícia Valentão ◽

Sutsawat Duangsrisai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Raw 264.7 ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Cutaneous Toxicity ◽

Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽

Dependent Inhibition ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Commonly used to treat skin injuries in Asia, several Homalium spp. have been found to promote skin regeneration and wound healing. While ethnobotanical surveys report the use of H. bhamoense trunk bark as a wound salve, there are no studies covering bioactive properties. As impaired cutaneous healing is characterized by excessive inflammation, a series of inflammatory mediators involved in wound healing were targeted with a methanol extract obtained from H. bhamoense trunk bark. Results showed concentration-dependent inhibition of hyaluronidase and 5-lipoxygenase upon exposure to the extract, with IC50 values of 396.9 ± 25.7 and 29.0 ± 2.3 µg mL−1, respectively. H. bhamoense trunk bark extract also exerted anti-inflammatory activity by significantly suppressing the overproduction of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages at concentrations ranging from 125 to 1000 µg mL−1, while leading to a biphasic effect on nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels. The phenolic profile was elucidated by HPLC-DAD, being characterized by the occurrence of ellagic acid as the main constituent, in addition to a series of methylated derivatives, which might underlie the observed anti-inflammatory effects. Our findings provide in vitro data on anti-inflammatory ability of H. bhamoense trunk bark, disclosing also potential cutaneous toxicity as assessed in HaCaT keratinocytes.

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Pediococcus pentosaceus-Fermented Cordyceps militaris Inhibits Inflammatory Reactions and Alleviates Contact Dermatitis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms19113504 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (11) ◽

pp. 3504 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ha-Kyoung Kwon ◽

Min-Jung Song ◽

Hye-Ji Lee ◽

Tae-Sik Park ◽

Moon Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contact Dermatitis ◽

Cordyceps Militaris ◽

Raw 264.7 ◽

Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽

Pediococcus Pentosaceus ◽

Inflammatory Reactions ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Cordyceps militaris is a medicinal mushroom used to treat immune-related diseases in East Asia. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of the extract of C. militaris grown on germinated Rhynchosia nulubilis (GRC) fermented with Pediococcus pentosaceus ON89A isolated from onion (GRC-ON89A) in vivo as well as in vitro. The anti-inflammatory effect of GRC-ON89A was investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) in the GRC-ON89A ethanol extract were significantly increased compared to that in GRC. GRC-ON89A hexane fraction (GRC-ON89A-Hex) inhibited the release of nitric oxide (NO) compared to that of the LPS-treated control without cytotoxicity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. GRC-ON89A-Hex decreased the inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, pre-treatment with GRC-ON89A-Hex significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. To induce allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), 1-fluoro-2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) was applied to the surface of the right ears of C57BL/6N mice. GRC-ON89A reduced the ear swelling and thickness in DNFB-induced ACD mice. This study demonstrates the potential usefulness of GRC-ON89A as an anti-inflammatory dietary supplement or drug.

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Extraction Process, Component Analysis, and In Vitro Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Total Flavonoid Extracts from Abutilon theophrasti Medic. Leaves

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2018/3508506 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Chunlian Tian ◽

Peng Zhang ◽

Caixia Yang ◽

Xiang Gao ◽

Hong Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radical Scavenging ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Raw 264.7 ◽

Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽

Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽

Scavenging Capacity ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Flavonoid Fraction ◽

Process Component

The flavonoid fraction was extracted from the leaves of Abutilon theophrasti Medic., which are usually used as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of inflammation and joint pain. The current study focused on the extraction process, component analysis, and in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities of the flavonoid fraction as a part of ongoing research on bioactive substances from natural plant sources. This study evaluated the antioxidant activities via assays of DPPH radical scavenging capacity, ABTS radical scavenging capacity, and reducing power and investigated inhibitory activities against Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus. Moreover, the inflammatory activity of the flavonoid fraction was estimated by measurement of the content of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1-beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, nitric oxide, and cyclooxygenase-2 and the gene expression levels of several inflammation markers, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, in RAW 264.7 macrophages after LPS treatment. In addition, the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms, that is, the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, were also revealed from the gene and protein expression levels. Taken together, these results suggested that the flavonoid fraction might exert in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and will be potentially useful as an adjuvant treatment for oxidative stress and bacterial and inflammatory diseases.

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Anti-Inflammatory Comparison of Melatonin and Its Bromobenzoylamide Derivatives in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced RAW 264.7 Cells and Croton Oil-Induced Mice Ear Edema

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26144285 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (14) ◽

pp. 4285

Author(s):

Pimpichaya Sangchart ◽

Panyada Panyatip ◽

Teerasak Damrongrungruang ◽

Aroonsri Priprem ◽

Pramote Mahakunakorn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Raw 264.7 Cells ◽

Raw 264.7 ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

In Vivo Models ◽

Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽

Ear Edema ◽

Croton Oil ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The pineal gland is a neuroendocrine organ that plays an important role in anti-inflammation through the hormone melatonin. The anti-inflammatory effects of melatonin and its derivatives have been reported in both in vitro and in vivo models. Our previous study reported the potent antioxidant and neuroprotective activities of bromobenzoylamide substituted melatonin. In silico analysis successfully predicted that melatonin bromobenzoylamid derivatives were protected from metabolism by CYP2A1, which is a key enzyme of the melatonin metabolism process. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory activities of melatonin and its bromobenzoylamide derivatives BBM and EBM were investigated in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and croton oil-induced ear edema in mice. The experiments showed that BBM and EBM significantly reduced production of the inflammatory mediators interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and nitric oxide (NO) in a dose-dependent manner, but only slightly affected TNF-α in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. This suggests that modifying melatonin at either the N1-position or the N-acetyl side chain affected production of NO, PGE2 and IL-6 in in vitro model. In the croton oil-induced mouse ear edema model, BBM, significantly decreased ear edema thickness at 2–4 h. It leads to conclude that bromobenzoylamide derivatives of melatonin may be one of the potential candidates for a new type of anti-inflammatory agent.

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