Decision Deferral in a Human-AI Joint Face-Matching Task: Effects on Human Performance and Trust

This study investigates how human performance and trust are affected by the decision deferral rates of an AI-enabled decision support system in a high criticality domain such as security screening, where ethical and legal considerations prevent full automation. In such domains, deferring cases to a human agent becomes an essential process component. However, the systemic consequences of the rate of deferrals on human performance are unknown. In this study, a face-matching task with an automated face verification system was designed to investigate the effects of varying deferral rates. Results show that higher deferral rates are associated with higher sensitivity and higher workload, but lower throughput and lower trust in the AI. We conclude that deferral rates can affect performance and trust perceptions. The tradeoffs between deferral rate, sensitivity, throughput, and trust need to be considered in designing effective human-AI work systems.

A PERANAN BLENDED LEARNING TERHADAP EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAAN TEMATIK DI SEKOLAH DASAR

The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of Blended Learning learning program to evaluate thematic learning in thematic elementary school in terms of context, input, process, SD Insan Kamil Bogor. This type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were principals, grade IV teachers, and grade IV students. Data collection techniques using interviews, observations, questionnaires, and documentation. The assessment criteria as the evaluation benchmark in this study refers to the reference that has been made. The results showed that (1) the thematic learning context component in Insan Kamil Bogor based on the results of interviews with principals and teachers fall into the good category. Learning objectives that are in accordance with the analysis of needs but tend not to be implemented consequently in the thematic learning process because the teacher does not understand the background and the importance of the implementation of thematic learning programs for students in the early grades; (2) the input components of syllabus and RPP aspects, learning facilities, and learning motivation in general are in the excellent category; (3) the process component of the teacher performance aspect in the classroom in general falls into the category of less because so far the teacher has not been maximal in teaching thematic and is more likely to teach the subjects only. It is recommended to teachers and policy makers to be able to conduct innovative evaluations and activities so that thematic learning programs can run as much as possible.

Literature Review: Analisis Faktor Penyebab Keterlambatan Pengembalian Rekam Medis di Rumah Sakit

The quality of medical records describes the quality of health services provided. The return of the medical record file starts from the file being in the treatment room until the file is returned to the medical record unit. Incomplete and not immediately filled out medical resumes cause delays in returning medical records. Therefore, the return of the medical record system is quite important in the medical record unit. This study is a literature review, to see the causes of delays in returning medical records at hospitals in Indonesia. Sources of data come from published research literature, with a total of 18 research articles. Data collection was carried out from March to June 2020. The factor causing the delay in returning medical records was the highest due to the input component. From all journals, 100% of the delays in returning medical records were caused by the input component (Man, Money, Materials, Method, Machine) and 33.3% by the process component. Of the input components, 83.3% were caused by Man factors, 77.8% Method factors, 33.3% Materials factors, 27.8% Machine factors, and 5.5% Money factors. Each hospital must have a clear and firm policy in overcoming delays in returning medical records, with clear and firm policies, the causative factors such as Man, Money, Material, Method, Machine can be minimized and the accuracy of returning medical records can be maximized.Keywords: return, incompleteness, medical records, literature, reviewAbstrakMutu rekam medis menggambarkan mutu pelayanan kesehatan yang diselenggarakan. Pengembalian Rekam Medis dimulai dari berkas tersebut berada diruang rawat sampai berkas tersebut kembali ke unit rekam medis. Pengisian resume medis yang tidak lengkap dan tidak segara dilakukan menyebabkan keterlambatan pengembalian rekam medis. Maka dari itu, pengembalian rekam medis sistem yang cukup penting di unit rekam medis. Penelitian ini merupakan literature review, untuk melihat penyebab keterlambatan pengembalian rekam medis di Rumah Sakit di Indonesia. Sumber data berasal dari literatur hasil penelitian yang telah dipublikasikan, dengan jumlah artikel penelitian sebanyak 18 artikel. Pengambilan data dilakukan dari bulan Maret-Juni 2020. Faktor penyebab keterlambatan pengembalian rekam medis tertinggi disebabkan oleh komponen input. Dari semua jurnal sebanyak 100% keterlambatan pengembalian rekam medis disebabkan oleh komponen input (Man, Money, Materials, Methode, Machine) dan sebanyak 33,3% oleh komponen proses. Dari komponen input tersebut, sebanyak 83,3 % disebabkan oleh faktor Man, 77,8% faktor Methode, 33,3% faktor Materials, 27,8% faktor Machine, dan 5,5% faktor Money. Setiap rumah sakit harus memiki kebijakan yang jelas dan tegas dalam mengatasi keterlambatan Pengembalian Rekam Medis, dengan kebijakan yang jelas dan tegas, faktor penyebab seperti Man, Money, Material, Method, Machine dapat di minimalisir dan ketepatan Pengembalian Rekam Medis dapat dilakukan secara maksimal.Keywords: keterlambatan, pengembalian, rekam medis, literature review

Evaluation of the Chemistry curriculum at the lower secondary level: feedback from educators

Mauritius is presently witnessing a major educational reform, which has necessitated a review of the lower secondary curriculum in all subjects, including Science. Educators were called to evaluate the Science curriculum (which includes Biology, Chemistry and Physics components) by providing feedback on the curriculum content and content organisation. One hundred and thirty-three educators took part in this exercise. This paper focuses on a detailed analysis of the feedback obtained from educators regarding the lower secondary Chemistry curriculum (LSCC) to identify the challenges encountered in its implementation. The Process component of the Stufflebeam’s (Stufflebeam DL. The CIPP model for evaluation. In: Evaluation models. Dordrecht: Springer; 2000:279–317 pp) Context, Input, Process and Product (CIPP) Evaluation model has been used as a framework for the study. Based on qualitative thematic analysis, four main challenges were identified in the implementation of the LSCC namely, ensuring curriculum continuity, avoiding curriculum overload, the need for more laboratory experiences and knowledge transfer.

Evaluation of reproductive health program during disaster in West Sumatra Province

Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest disaster risk. Disaster could affect all aspects of human life including reproductive health. The study aims to evaluate reproductive health programs during disasters. The study was conducted with a qualitative study regarding the system approach. There were 19 informants from health centers, disaster management agencies, and social institutions in the South of West Sumatra Province. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and document reviews. Data analysis used content analysis. In the input component, there has been no policy for reproductive health, double responsibility on human resources, and the budget from disaster management for existing facilities. In the process component, a plan for the reproductive health programs does not exist yet and no specific team of health reproductive. The implementation of reproductive health services was data collection, assessment of needs, reproductive health care, and monitoring will be done after a disaster. In the output component, the coverage of indicators for women of childbearing age has been well-served, but not for young women. Management of reproductive health programs is not optimal yet. It is recommended to improve the management of reproductive health programs before, during, and after disasters.

NURSING INTERVENTIONS TO PROMOTE CHILD DEVELOPMENT THROUGH BRONFENBRENNER'S BIOECOLOGICAL THEORY

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the benefits and limitations of nursing interventions for the promotion of child development, according to the Bioecological Theory of Human Development, by Bronfenbrenner. Method: an integrative review, from the databases PubMed, Lilacs, CINAHL, Web of Science and Scopus, using the descriptors: "child development" AND "nurses" OR "nursing". No time limit was set for publications. The search was perfomed in September 2019 and update in March 2020. Results: 24 studies were selected for the final sample. The predominant type of study design was the clinical trial (60%). The home visit was the most used strategy (60%). Seven main themes emerged from the outcomes of the interventions: the child, maternal health, parenting skills, relationship between nurse and mother/father, use of social benefits, professional practice, and family violence. The process component was present in all studies, portraying the relevance of proximal interactions in the home environment. Only two interventions had no impact on any outcome. Conclusion: nursing interventions showed benefits in all outcomes, especially in outcomes related to children and parental practices, and improved situations of interaction between caregivers and children, reducing punitive practices and violence against children. It is essential to consider the bioecological perspective, so that nursing interventions, in promoting child development, are more effective.

MODERN APPROACHES OF THE USE OF INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES OF DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

The systematization of modern types of innovative strategies of enterprise development, which are used in foreign practice of some countries of Europe, South and Latin America, USA is carried out in the article. It is determined that their composition includes: innovative strategies for enterprise development, based on the concept of open innovation, presented in the experience of the United States, Europe and other countries; innovative strategies of enterprise development, which are formed on the concept of openness of innovations and communication process component; stabilization and aggressive innovative strategies for the development of business structures, formed on the basis of improving existing positions in structural and managerial, functional (process), product, market, financial and economic target areas through the use of "window of opportunity"; innovative development strategies based on the principle of "triple helix", which provide for the partnership of government, business and science to develop and implement new innovative solutions for socio-economic growth of the country, businesses and research sector. It is established that in order to ensure the effective use of a certain type of innovative strategies for the development of enterprises in Ukraine, it is necessary to take into account the following aspects, namely: internal capabilities; high ability to change; benchmark for reforming the management system; parameters and characteristics of the external environment (participants of the scientific and technical sector, expert research associations, the functioning of independent experts in certain areas); orientation of enterprises (associations) to create an open environment. It is noted that most of the successful innovative strategies for the development of business structures in foreign practice involve the use of the principle of openness, involvement of participants given their ability to create synergetic effects. The need to take into account the protection of intellectual property of participants in the scientific and technical sector of partnerships of innovation is proved. It is noted that in view of this, companies that work with individual scientists, researchers, research organizations must take into account the need to protect the rights of the latter, which will promote image growth in national and international markets, will ensure effective technology transfer.

Monetary incentives have only limited effects on auditory distraction: evidence for the automaticity of cross-modal attention capture

The duplex-mechanism account of auditory distraction postulates that two distinct forms of auditory distraction can be distinguished by whether or not they can be cognitively controlled. While the interference-by-process component of auditory distraction is postulated to be automatic and independent of cognitive control, the stimulus-aspecific attention capture by auditory deviants and the stimulus-specific attentional diversion by auditorily presented distractor sentences should be suppressed by increased task engagement. Here we test whether incentive-induced changes in task engagement affect the disruption of serial recall by auditory deviants (Experiment 1) and distractor sentences (Experiment 2). Monetary incentives substantially affected recall performance in both experiments. However, the incentive-induced changes in task engagement had only limited effects on auditory distraction. In Experiment 2, increased task engagement was associated with a small decrease of distraction relative to a quiet condition, but strong effects of auditory distraction on performance persisted in conditions of high task engagement in both experiments. Most importantly, and in contrast to the predictions of the duplex-mechanism account, the effects of stimulus-aspecific attention capture (Experiment 1) and stimulus-specific attentional diversion (Experiment 2) remained unaffected by incentive-induced changes in task engagement. These findings are consistent with an automatic-capture account according to which only the processes responsible for the deliberate memorization of the target items are dependent on controlled mental effort while the attention capture by auditory deviants and the attentional diversion by distractor speech are largely automatic.

The chemical signature of jet-driven hypernovae

Hypernovae powered by magnetic jets launched from the surface of rapidly rotating millisecond magnetars are one of the leading models to explain broad-lined Type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic-BL), and have been implicated as an important source of metal enrichment in the early Universe. We investigate the nucleosynthesis in such jet-driven hypernovae using a parameterised, but physically motivated, approach that analytically relates an artificially injected jet energy flux to the power available from the energy in differential rotation in the proto-neutron star. We find ejected 56Ni masses of $0.05\, \mathrm{M}_\odot \tt {- }0.45\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ in our most energetic models with explosion energy >1052 erg. This is in good agreement with the range of observationally inferred values for SNe Ic-BL. The 56Ni is mostly synthesised in the shocked stellar envelope, and is therefore only moderately sensitive to the jet composition. Jets with a high electron fraction Ye = 0.5 eject more 56Ni by a factor of 2 than neutron-rich jets. We can obtain chemical abundance profiles in good agreement with the average chemical signature observed in extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars presumably polluted by hypernova ejecta. Notably, [Zn/Fe] ≳ 0.5 is consistently produced in our models. For neutron-rich jets, there is a significant r-process component, and agreement with EMP star abundances in fact requires either a limited contribution from neutron-rich jets or a stronger dilution of r-process material in the interstellar medium than for the slow SN ejecta outside the jet. The high [C/Fe] ≳ 0.7 observed in many EMP stars cannot be consistently achieved due to the large mass of iron in the ejecta, however, and remains a challenge for jet-driven hypernovae based on the magneto-rotational mechanism.

Deradicalization of Terrorism Prisoner: Evaluation of The Terrorism Client Guidance Program at the Surakarta Correctional Facility

The radicalism that leads to terrorism is a threat to almost every country in the world, leading many countries to employ a deradicalization program to deradicalize people that have been influenced by terrorist ideology. This research purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness of deradicalization effort conducted through “terrorism client guidance program at Surakarta Correctional Facility”. Using the CIPP model of evaluation, data is collected from eighteen terrorism clients and a few structural officials as well as all related documents at Surakarta Correctional Facility. The result of this study found that: (1) Evaluation of context component is worth average, (2) Evaluation of input component is worth poor, (3) Evaluation of process component is worth good, and (4) Evaluation of product component is worth average. Overall, the effectiveness of deradicalization conducted through guidance for terrorism client program at Surakarta Correctional Facility is worth average. Although the total evaluation merit of the terrorist client’s guidance program is still in the level of average, however, the author suggests that the program should be continued by revising some areas of concern. Keywords: Deradicalization, Evaluation Program, Guidance of Terrorism Client.