A web-based intervention trial for depressive symptoms and subjective well-being in patients with chronic HIV infection

"The changes occurring in modern society can significantly influence individuals’ well-being, mental health and even personality traits such as narcissism and perfectionism. Since studies investigating age and gender differences in narcissism and perfectionism have produced mixed results, and the number of studies conducted in Romanian population is scarce, the main aims of this study were to investigate possible age and gender differences in narcissism, perfectionism and several mental-health indicators in a sample of healthy participants, as well as specific association patterns between these variables within each group of participants. Our sample included 465 millennials and 149 participants over 35 years of age. The results indicate that millennials reported significantly lower levels of narcissism and self-oriented perfectionism than the older generations, higher levels of depressive symptoms and lower levels of autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. Female millennials reported lower levels of narcissistic traits and higher levels of socially-prescribed perfectionism, depressive symptoms, personal growth, and positive relations with others than male participants. Older females indicated significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms and loneliness than male participants. Regarding association patterns, in the group of millennial women narcissism was positively correlated with self-oriented, socially-prescribed perfectionism and subjective well-being, and negatively with loneliness, environmental mastery and purpose in life. In millennial males, we found significant positive correlations only between narcissism and subjective well-being and environmental mastery. Our findings may have important implications for the literature regarding millennials and can contribute to the interventions and prevention programs designed to improve their well-being. Keywords: millennials, narcissism, perfectionism, mental health indicators, age and gender differences "

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A Web-Delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Intervention With Email Reminders to Enhance Subjective Well-Being and Encourage Engagement With Lifestyle Behavior Change in Health Care Staff: Randomized Cluster Feasibility Stud

JMIR Formative Research ◽

10.2196/18586 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (8) ◽

pp. e18586

Author(s):

Menna Brown ◽

Nic Hooper ◽

Phillip James ◽

Darren Scott ◽

Owen Bodger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Behavior Change ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Well Being ◽

Care Staff ◽

Health Care Staff ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Web Based ◽

Lifestyle Behavior ◽

Acceptance And Commitment

Background Poor mental health and emotional well-being can negatively impact ability to engage in healthy lifestyle behavior change. Health care staff have higher rates of sickness and absence than other public sector staff, which has implications at both individual and societal levels. Individual efforts to self-manage health and well-being which add to the UK mental health prevention agenda need to be supported. Objective The objective of this study was to establish the feasibility and acceptability of the inclusion of a self-guided, automated, web-based acceptance and commitment therapy intervention in an existing health promotion program, to improve subjective well-being and encourage engagement with lifestyle behavior change. Methods For this 12-week, 4-armed, randomized controlled cluster feasibility study, we recruited participants offline and randomly allocated them to 1 of 3 intervention arms or control (no well-being intervention) using an automated web-based allocation procedure. Eligibility criteria were current health care staff in 1 Welsh health board, age≥18 years, ability to read English, and ability to provide consent. The primary researcher was blinded to cluster allocation. Feasibility outcomes were randomization procedure, acceptance of intervention, and adherence to and engagement with the wider program. We evaluated health and well-being data via self-assessment at 2 time points, registration and postintervention, using the 14-item Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale, the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire, and the 7-item Acceptance and Action Questionnaire—Revised. Results Of 124 participants who provided consent and were randomly allocated, 103 completed full registration and engaged with the program. Most participants (76/103) enrolled in at least one health behavior change module, and 43% (41/96) of those randomly allocated to an intervention arm enrolled in the well-being module. Adherence and engagement was low (7/103, 6.8%), but qualitative feedback was positive. Conclusions The procedure and randomization process proved feasible, and the addition of the well-being module proved acceptable to health care staff. However, participant engagement was limited, and no one completed the full 12-week program. User feedback should be used to develop the intervention to address poor engagement. Effectiveness should then be evaluated in a full-scale randomized controlled trial, which would be feasible with additional recruitment. Trial Registration International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) 50074817; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN50074817

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Effects of the Best Possible Self Activity on Subjective Well-Being and Depressive Symptoms

The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher ◽

10.1007/s40299-015-0272-z ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 473-481 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Albert K. Liau ◽

Maureen F. Neihart ◽

Chua Tee Teo ◽

Chrystella H. M. Lo

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Well Being ◽

Subjective Well Being

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Subjective well-being as a mediator for curiosity and depression

Polish Psychological Bulletin ◽

10.2478/ppb-2014-0025 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 200-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Łukasz D. Kaczmarek ◽

Błażej Bączkowski ◽

Jolanta Enko ◽

Barbara Baran ◽

Peter Theuns

Keyword(s):

Inverse Relationship ◽

Subjective Wellbeing ◽

Character Strengths ◽

Well Being ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Web Based ◽

The Relationship ◽

Positive Results

AbstractCuriosity is a personality trait that is inversely related to depression and positively related to subjective wellbeing. However, the relationship between curiosity and these two outcomes is still unclear which hampers our general understanding of well-being. Based on research within positive psychology that showed character strengths such as curiosity can indirectly decrease depression, we hypothesized that the inverse relationship between curiosity and depression would be mediated by subjective well-being. Two hundred and fifty seven participants, between 18 and 64 years old (M = 24.50, SD = 8.33) completed a web-based survey comprising: The Curiosity and Exploration Inventory - II, Center for Epidemiological Studies - Depression and the Steen Happiness Index. We found that well-being mediated the relationship between curiosity and depression. The results indicate that curious individuals tend to report higher levels of subjective well-being which, in turn, is associated with lower levels of depression. Our findings contribute to the understanding of positive results obtained from clinical samples that underwent positive psychotherapy of depression.

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Evolution of subjective well-being in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. 4D study

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73185-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 1481-1481

Author(s):

J. Sanjuan ◽

E. Prieto ◽

J. Galan ◽

B. Manuel

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Schizoaffective Disorder ◽

Positive Response ◽

Parallel Evolution ◽

Well Being ◽

Self Control ◽

Clinical Relapse ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

And Gender ◽

Image Position

IntroductionThe subjective well-being has been associated with dropouts of treatment and relapses.ObjectivesDetermine baseline variables associated with a positive evolution in subjective well-being (increase of 20% and ≥10 points in subjective SWN-K). Assess the relationship between SWN-K and compliance of treatment.MethodsNon-interventional, prospective (6 moths) study of a cohort of patients with schizophrenia of schizoaffective disorders who have had a clinical relapse that required a change in therapeutic strategy.Results305 patients were included, 288 (94.4%) was the population analyzed and 272 (89.1%) completed the follow-up. 226 (78.5%) of patients have a diagnosis of schizophrenia, the rest were diagnosed of schizoaffective disorder.Mean total scores in SWN-K were statistically significant in every visit vs. baseline (69.5, 75.5, 77.8 and 80.0). All subscales (social, physical, emotional, mental and self-control) showed a parallel evolution. This progress was associated with compliance according to the evaluations by the psychiatrist, family and patient.Baseline variables associated to positive response in SWN-K in logistic regression were: gender (female) and depressive symptoms (CDSS).ConclusionsProgress in SWN-K score was related to compliance. Depressive symptoms and gender are the only variables at baseline associated with positive response in SWN-K.

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MTAG: Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS

10.1101/118810 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Patrick Turley ◽

Raymond K. Walters ◽

Omeed Maghzian ◽

Aysu Okbay ◽

James J. Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Well Being ◽

Joint Analysis ◽

Summary Statistics ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Bioinformatics Analyses ◽

Trait Analysis ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Polygenic Scores ◽

Variance Explained

ABSTRACTWe introduce Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS (MTAG), a method for joint analysis of summary statistics from GWASs of different traits, possibly from overlapping samples. We apply MTAG to summary statistics for depressive symptoms (Neff = 354,862), neuroticism (N = 168,105), and subjective well-being (N = 388,538). Compared to 32, 9, and 13 genome-wide significant loci in the single-trait GWASs (most of which are themselves novel), MTAG increases the number of loci to 64, 37, and 49, respectively. Moreover, association statistics from MTAG yield more informative bioinformatics analyses and increase variance explained by polygenic scores by approximately 25%, matching theoretical expectations.

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Older Adults’ Experiences in an Online Intervention for Managing Subjective Depressive Symptoms

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.3117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 861-861

Author(s):

Janella Hudson ◽

Rachel Ungar ◽

Laurie Albright ◽

Rifky Tkatch ◽

James Schaeffer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Late Life Depression ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Community Interactions ◽

Web Based ◽

Age Related ◽

Depressive Feelings

Abstract Background Many older adults struggle with late-life depression, stress, and anxiety, especially when facing age-related transitions including retirement, relocation, and the death of a spouse. Given the consequences of depression among older adults, which include higher rates of suicide, timely interventions that help to manage depressive symptoms are essential. Objective The primary purpose of this study was to explore the perceived efficacy of an online program in improving subjective depressive feelings. Methods Older adult participants were recruited for semi-structured interviews (n = 24) in a web-based intervention that included interactive games and activities undergirded by a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) approach. Participants were asked to provide feedback about program features, including weekly module content, games, interactive activities and community interactions, and any perceived effects on their health behaviors and/or emotional well-being. Participants’ responses were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results Participants reported several gains, including developing the habit of forming ongoing, incremental goals, achieving wellness-related goals, and experiencing an overall positive shift in perspective. In addition, participants reported feeling greater gratitude, increased positivity, and improvement in mood. Featured games and activities helped to promote stress relief and entertainment, and mindfulness exercises were cited as the most helpful and/or enjoyable among participants. Participants expressed a preference for program content related to aging and aging-related transitions. Conclusions This study demonstrated feasibility of an interactive web-based intervention for older adults with subjective depressive feelings, while also providing important findings about users’ preferences for personalized, aging-related feedback.

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Stressors and Subjective Well-Being among Chinese Older Adults: Uncovering the Buffering Roles of Tangible Support Patterns

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology ◽

10.1177/0022022120977042 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 78-98

Author(s):

Xupeng Mao ◽

Liwei Zhang ◽

Yuerong Liu

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Latent Class ◽

Functional Dependence ◽

Adult Population ◽

Well Being ◽

Poor Health ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Chinese Older Adults ◽

Tangible Support

Using data from two waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study ( N ≈ 5,500), this study used latent class analysis to identify tangible support patterns among Chinese older adults based on types and sources of support. Furthermore, multivariate regression was used to examine the stress-buffering roles of tangible support patterns in the relationships between two stressors (i.e., poor health and functional dependence) and older adults’ subjective well-being (i.e., depressive symptoms and life satisfaction). We found four distinct tangible support patterns (i.e., semitraditional, traditional, formal financial-spousal instrumental, and restricted) among Chinese older adults. Poor health and functional dependence were significantly associated with lower subjective well-being. The moderating role of support differed significantly by patterns. Two patterns, formal financial-spousal instrumental and restricted, mitigated or reversed the negative relationships between both stressors and older adults’ subjective well-being. In addition, the traditional Chinese support pattern reduced the positive relationship between poor health and depressive symptoms. Implications for the well-being of the Chinese older adult population are discussed.

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The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15): Validation in Mexico and Disorder in the State of Knowledge

The International Journal of Aging and Human Development ◽

10.1177/0091415020957387 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 009141502095738

Author(s):

Christian Oswaldo Acosta Quiroz ◽

Raquel García-Flores ◽

Sonia Beatriz Echeverría-Castro

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Well Being ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Geriatric Depression

The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Geriatric Depression Scale in its 15-item version (GDS-15) in Mexican older adults. Participants included 1178 older adults between the ages of 60 and 94 ( M = 69.16, SD = 7.69); 53.9% were women and 55.8% were married or with a partner. They completed the GDS-15, a subjective well-being scale, and a quality-of-life questionnaire. A Kuder–Richardson coefficient of .80 was obtained, which indicates an acceptable internal consistency of the GDS-15, as well as evidence of divergent validity with significant correlations of −.783 with subjective well-being and −.569 with quality of life, in addition to concurrent validity when discriminating between participants with low scores from those with high scores of depressive symptoms. The need for a simple screening tool such as the GDS-15 that helps in the identification of depressive symptoms in Mexican older adults is underlined.

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The Mental Health of Visitors of Web-Based Support Forums for Bereaved by Suicide

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000281 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 38-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Jeannet Kramer ◽

Brigitte Boon ◽

Marijke Schotanus-Dijkstra ◽

Wouter van Ballegooijen ◽

Ad Kerkhof ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Complicated Grief ◽

Well Being ◽

Self Report ◽

Online Support ◽

Mutual Support ◽

Web Based

Background: Persons bereaved by suicide are reluctant to ask for social support when they experience feelings of guilt and blame. A web-based peer forum may provide a safe and anonymous place for mutual support. Aims: This study examined the mental health changes of visitors of two online support forums for persons bereaved by suicide and their experiences with the forum over 1 year. Method: Visitors of two forums completed self-report measures at baseline and at 6 and 12 months' follow-up. Repeated measures analyses were used to study changes in well-being, depressive symptoms, and complicated grief. Additionally, participants were interviewed about their experiences with the forum. Results: The 270 participants were mostly female, low in well-being, with high levels of depressive symptoms and complicated grief. Suicidal risk was high for 5.9%. At 12 months, there were small to medium-sized significant improvements in well-being and depressive symptoms (p < .001) and nearly as much for grief (p = .08). About two thirds reported benefit from visiting the forum. Because of the pre–post design we cannot determine whether a causal relationship exists between the form and changes in mental health. Conclusion: After 1 year some positive changes but a large group was still struggling with their mental health. Interviews indicate that the forum was valued for finding recognition.

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