Microbiological quality of drinking water at eight water treatment plants

In Germany the application of procedures such as flocculation and filtration in the preparation of drinking water results in the annual production of an estimated 500,000 t of sediments and sludges. Some of these residues have a potential for being reused, for example in agriculture, forestry, brickworks or waste water treatment. To assess the microbiological quality of residues from waterworks methods for the detection of enterobacteria, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Legionella, poliovirus, Ascaris suis eggs and Cryptosporidium have been evaluated regarding their detection limits and were applied to various residues from German waterworks. Results show that sediments and sludges may contain pathogenic bacteria, viruses and protista. When residues from waterworks are intended to be reused in agriculture or forestry the microbiological quality should therefore be considered.

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Long-Term Drinking Water Quality Assessment Using Index and Multivariate Statistical Analysis for Three Water Treatment Plants of Erbil City, Iraq

UKH Journal of Science and Engineering ◽

10.25079/ukhjse.v2n2y2018.pp39-48 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 39-48

Author(s):

Hayder Mohammed Issa ◽

Reem Ahmed Alrwai

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Water Supply ◽

Drinking Water Treatment ◽

Drinking Water Quality ◽

Total Alkalinity ◽

Total Hardness ◽

Water Treatment Plants

Safe source of drinking water is always considered as an essential factor in water supply for cities and urban areas. As a part of this issue, drinking water quality is monitored via a useful scheme: developing drinking water quality index DWQI. DWQI is preferably used as it summarizes the whole physicochemical and bacteriological properties of a drinking water sample into a single and simple term. In this study, an evaluation was made for three drinking water treatment plants DWTPs named: Efraz 1, Efraz 2 and Efraz 3 that supply drinking water to Erbil City. The assessment was made by testing thirteen physicochemical and two bacteriological parameters during a long period of (2003 – 2017). It has been found that turbidity, electrical conductivity EC, total alkalinity, total hardness, total coliform and fecal coliform have more influence on drinking water quality. DWQI results showed that the quality of drinking water supplied by the three DWTPs in Erbil City fallen within good level. Except various occasional periods where the quality was varying from good to fair. The quality of the drinking water supply never reached the level of marginal or poor over the time investigated. The applied hierarchical clustering analysis HCA classifies the drinking water dataset into three major clusters, reflecting diverse sources of the physicochemical and bacteriological parameter: natural, agriculture and urban discharges.

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Exploring the relative changes in dissolved organic matter for assessing the water quality of full-scale drinking water treatment plants using a fluorescence ratio approach

Water Research ◽

10.1016/j.watres.2020.116125 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 183 ◽

pp. 116125 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tahir Maqbool ◽

Yanling Qin ◽

Quang Viet Ly ◽

Jiaxing Zhang ◽

Chengyue Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Dissolved Organic Matter ◽

Drinking Water Treatment ◽

Fluorescence Ratio ◽

Water Treatment Plants ◽

Ratio Approach

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Interplay of factors involving chlorine dose, turbidity flow capacity and pH on microbial quality of drinking water in small water treatment plants

Water SA ◽

10.4314/wsa.v34i5.180653 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 565 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

C.L. Obi ◽

J.O. Igumbor ◽

M.N.B. Momba ◽

A Samie

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Microbial Quality ◽

Small Water ◽

Flow Capacity ◽

Water Treatment Plants

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Drinking Water Chlorination and Adverse Public Health Outcomes in Algeria

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.501 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1030-1032 ◽

pp. 501-508

Author(s):

Samia Achour ◽

Fouad Chabbi ◽

Saâdia Guergazi

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Microbiological Quality ◽

Drinking Water Treatment ◽

Water Treatment Plants ◽

Catchment Areas ◽

Water Chlorination ◽

Organic Precursors ◽

Impaired Water

Drinking water supplies continue to be a major source of human disease because many of them remain unsafe and vulnerable. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of trihalomethanes formation and chemical and microbiological quality through four raw surface waters as well as finished tap waters. The seasonal changes on trihalomethane formation and concentration of organic precursors were examined. Results show that disinfection for Algerian drinking water reduces the risk of pathogenic infection but may pose chemical threat to human health due to high levels of by-products such as trihalomethanes, when the organic and inorganic precursors are present in water. The level of THM precursors vary between different catchment areas and between different water treatment plants, and seasonally. Such work may be interesting to help management strategies and to assist drinking water treatment plants in DBP control processes for increasingly impaired water sources.

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Optimising water treatment practices for the removal of Anabaena circinalis and its associated metabolites, geosmin and saxitoxins

Journal of Water and Health ◽

10.2166/wh.2009.075 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 544-556 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Lionel Ho ◽

Paul Tanis-Plant ◽

Nawal Kayal ◽

Najwa Slyman ◽

Gayle Newcombe

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Treatment Practices ◽

Water Treatment Plants ◽

Cyanobacterium Anabaena ◽

Pertinent Information ◽

Equivalent Conditions ◽

Anabaena Circinalis

The cyanobacterium Anabaena circinalis has the ability to co-produce geosmin and saxitoxins, compounds which can compromise the quality of drinking water. This study provides pertinent information in optimising water treatment practices for the removal of geosmin and saxitoxins. In particular, it demonstrates that pre-oxidation using potassium permanganate could be applied at the head of water treatment plants without releasing intracellular geosmin and saxitoxins from A. circinalis. Furthermore, powdered activated carbon (PAC) was shown to be an effective treatment barrier for the removal of extracellular (dissolved) geosmin and saxitoxins, with similar adsorption trends of both compounds. The relative removal of the saxitoxins compared with geosmin was determined to be 0.84±0.27, which implies that saxitoxin removal with PAC can be estimated to be approximately 60 to 100% of the removal of geosmin under equivalent conditions. Chlorine was shown to be effective for the oxidation of the saxitoxins with CT values of approximately 30 mg min l−1 required for greater than 90% destruction of the saxitoxins.

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Processing System and Evaluation Microbiological Quality of Drinking Water Fountain in Surabaya City

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN ◽

10.20473/jkl.v12i3.2020.154-162 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 154

Author(s):

Dian Novitasari

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Microbiological Quality ◽

Processing System ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Water Company ◽

Quality Of Water

Introduction: Drinking water fountain (KASM) is one of the innovations of the Regional Drinking Water Company (PDAM) Surya Sembada Surabaya City to provide drinking where the location is in various public facilities. Health problems in people who consume KASM water can occur when the quality of water is not eligible. Unsafe drinking water can interfere with health and can cause waterborne disease. The purpose of writing this article is to identify the processing system and analyze the quality of water microbiology of KASM. Method: This type of research was a descriptive observational with case design report. Subject of study was drinking water fountain (KASM) was one of the innovations of the Regional Drinking Water Company (PDAM) Surya Sembadin the city of Surabaya. The data used was secondary data on 13 samples of KASM locations originating from the PDAM Surya Sembada Surabaya City and various literature. The method of data analysis used is qualitative. Result and Discussion: Water treatment in each KASM unit is an advanced process of water treatment plant (IPAM) PDAM Surya Sembada City of Surabaya. A series of water treatment processes through several equipments, consisting of: pressure tank, basin, low and high pressure switch, booster pump, radar, tank container, UV lamp, RO, Flow Reject, remineral, hexagonal, post-carbon, 1 micron catridge, GAC, 5 micron Catridge, and solenoid. Results of the evaluation of the microbiological quality of KASM based on the data quality Report water in January 2019-January 2020 indicates that the total parameters coliform at 13 point location 4.69% are not eligible, while for the parameter fecal coliform 100% qualified drinking water quality. Conclusion: monitoring of water quality, processing system, and sanitation need to be applied regularly to provide safe drinking water for the community

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Heavy metals and arsenic in drinking water and health risk assessment of the region with the developed mining industry

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-7-725-732 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 (7) ◽

pp. 725-732

Author(s):

Gayane H. Babayan ◽

Astghik G. Sakoyan

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Water Supply ◽

International Standards ◽

Pollution Level ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Water Abstraction ◽

Water Treatment Plants

Introduction. Drinking water intended for South Armenia’s towns and rural communities is abstracted from minor mountain rivers belonging to the basins of the Voghchi and Meghri, the water of which is treated at five water treatment plants. The river basins are home to the major copper molybdenum and gold ore mining centers of the republic.The purpose of this research was to study heavy metals Ag, Al, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn, Sb, Se, Zn, Hg, Te in centralized drinking water supply systems and assess drinking water-caused health risks to the population.Material and methods. In 2016-2017 from 43 sampling sites a total of 53 basic water samples were taken, including 14- from surface water supply sources, 16 - from water treatment plants, 33- from water supply networks. Heavy metals were determined by the atomic absorption method. To assess the quality of water on water abstraction sites relevant ecological (regional) norms and national and international standards were used. The risk of development of noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic effects was assessed in the case of oral intake of and dermal exposure to tap water.Results. On water abstraction sites, background regional levels of surface waters exceeded the concentration of aluminum, iron, molybdenum, tin, antimony (by as 13.3-1.1 times). Water treatment efficiency at water treatment plants is estimated at 12% - 69% depending on different metals. Concentrations of heavy metals in drinking water do not exceed the norms. The risk of development of noncarcinogenic effects in the population at chronic exposure to drinking water is insignificant (HI<1), whereas a total carcinogenic risk exceeds a safety limit for arsenic (CR=9.59×10–5).Conclusion. The acceptable quality of drinking water supplied to consumers is not yet an index of sustainable and safe water supply in the studied region because of a water pollution level on intake sites, obsolete water treatment technologies, poor sanitation and technical condition of plants and water networks.

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