Milk yield and composition, blood, and urinary parameters of Murrah buffaloes in different maturity stages during the transition period and early lactation

The transition period (last four weeks of pregnancy and the first four weeks of lactation) is the most traumatic period in the annual cycle of the dairy cow. It is physiologically and nutritionally stressful, particularly as food intake is reduced, especially in the last few days prior to calving, whilst nutrient demands for foetal growth and initiation of milk synthesis are increased. As the genetic merit of the national herd has increased considerably in the last ten years, improved nutritional management of cows during the transition period may be more important in reducing or preventing the cumulative loss of body condition, particularly in early lactation. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of level of concentrate intake in late gestation on subsequent milk yield and composition.

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Low Doses of Bovine Somatotropin During the Transition Period and Early Lactation Improves Milk Yield, Efficiency of Production, and Other Physiological Responses of Holstein Cows

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(04)73239-7 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 87 (4) ◽

pp. 948-960 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

M.S. Gulay ◽

M.J. Hayen ◽

M. Liboni ◽

T.I. Belloso ◽

C.J. Wilcox ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Transition Period ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Bovine Somatotropin ◽

Holstein Cows ◽

Low Doses ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Yield Efficiency

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Correlation of Leptin, Insulin and Glucose During Late Gestation and Early Lactation in Murrah Buffaloes

THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.21887/ijvsbt.v12i3.7086 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Prajakta Kuralkar ◽

S. M. Nagre

Keyword(s):

Transition Period ◽

Late Gestation ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Murrah Buffaloes

A study was carried out to assess the levels of Glucose ,Insulin and Leptin during late gestation and early lactation and their correlation in murrah buffaloes was determined. All of the variables were significantly affected by transition period. The level of Insulin, Glucose and Leptin was significantly higher 15 days before parturition, followed by 15 days after parturition and lowest on the day of parturition.

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Transition Period of the Dairy Cow Revisited: II. Homeorhetic Stimulus and Ketosis With Implication for Fertility

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v12n3p25 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Holger Martens

Keyword(s):

Energy Balance ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Transition Period ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Future Research ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Input And Output ◽

Fat Liver

Dairy cows have been selected during the last century primarily for milk production, which has been increased by a factor 3-5 per lactation during this period without a concomitantly adequate increase of dry matter intake (DMI). This discrepancy between input and output is caused by a negative or minutely positive genetic correlation between milk yield and DMI and leads, in high-producing dairy cows in early lactation, to a severe and long-lasting negative energy balance (NEB) with distinct hormonal and metabolic alterations. Milk production during this period is regulated by homeorhesis with high priority for this trait, which is relatively uncoupled from DMI, and hence with possible restrictions of other functions. The extent and duration of the current NEB is a health risk and is probably one of the reasons for genetic correlations between milk yield and disease. The gap between input and output is closed by the mobilization of reserves characterized by a rapid increase of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) above the acute requirement, in turn leading to ectopic fat disposition in the liver and other organs. Therefore, fat liver and ketosis occur during early lactation within a phase of the priority of the homeorhetic (genetic) regulation of milk production at insufficient DMI. Ketosis is correlated with an impairment of fertility. The correlation between an early cause (ketosis) and a later effect (impaired fertility) cannot be explained satisfactorily, but possible epigenetic alterations look promising for future research. The revealed connection between homeorhesis, fat liver and ketosis, and the impairment of fertility provides an approach for discussions of these topics as a complex. The convergence between these issues should furthermore be extended to other production diseases. Since the genetic background of this interaction must not be neglected, the current breeding system should include further health traits with a predominant emphasis on parameters of metabolism and energy balance.

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1080 Milk yield genotype impacts expression of hepatic innate immune genes during the transition period in Holsteins

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.2527/jam2016-1080 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽

pp. 518-518

Author(s):

G. T. Cousillas ◽

W. J. Weber ◽

B. Walcheck ◽

D. E. Kerr ◽

T. H. Elsasser ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Transition Period ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Immune Genes ◽

Innate Immune Genes

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Surrogate Indexes of Insulin Resistance in Dairy Goats: Transitional Variation in Subclinical Hyperketonemia

Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.3390/vetsci8060102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 102

Author(s):

Siqi Liu ◽

Yezi Kong ◽

Jing Wen ◽

Yan Huang ◽

Yaoquan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Transition Period ◽

Jugular Vein ◽

Metabolic Parameters ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Normal Glucose

Background: Dairy goats are highly susceptible to subclinical hyperketonemia (SCHK) during the transition period. This study aimed to compare the variation in metabolic parameters and surrogate indexes of insulin resistance (sIR) between goats with SCHK and clinically healthy (HEAL) goats during the transition period. Methods: Twenty Guanzhong dairy goats were assorted to HEAL (n = 10) and SCHK (n = 10) groups according to the blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations. The blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of each goat at −3, −2, −1, 0 (partum), +1, +2, and +3 weeks relative to kidding to analyses GLU and INS. The sIR was calculated from blood metabolic parameters. Results: Compared with the HEAL goats, the insulin concentrations were significantly higher in SCHK goats during the first three weeks postpartum. The QUICKI, revised QUICKI (RQUICKI), and RQUICKIBHBA were significantly lower in goats with SCHK at 1 week postpartum, while the homeostasis model assessment-IR (HOMA-IR) was significantly higher. Conclusion: Goats with SCHK made more efforts through elevated insulin levels at early lactation than HEAL goats, thereby maintaining the normal glucose concentrations.

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Determination of heat stress zone for daily milk yield using carryover heat effect model in Murrah buffaloes

Tropical Animal Health and Production ◽

10.1007/s11250-021-02927-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Ramandeep Kaur Dhaliwal ◽

Puneet Malhotra ◽

Neeraj Kashyap ◽

Shakti Kant Dash ◽

Lakhvir Kaur Dhaliwal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Heat Effect ◽

Murrah Buffaloes ◽

Effect Model ◽

Stress Zone ◽

Daily Milk Yield ◽

Daily Milk

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The effect of space allowance and milk yield level on the performance and behaviour of dairy cattle housed in straw yards

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200597609 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 1998 ◽

pp. 108-108

Author(s):

J. A. Fregonesi ◽

J.D. Leaver

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Important Variable ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Ways Of Coping ◽

Yield Level ◽

Face Width ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Friesian Cows

Space allowance could be an important variable affecting production, health, reproductive performance and behaviour of dairy cattle. Also, high and low yielding cows may have different ways of coping with insufficient space allowance. The aim of this experiment was to study the influence of space allowance and milk yield level on the performance and behaviour of strawyard housed dairy cows.The experiment was carried out using 24 Holstein Friesian cows with two groups in early lactation of high (over 30 kg/day milk yield) and two groups in late lactation of low yield (under 25 kg/day milk yield). The groups were allocated to strawyard systems with low stocking density (bed area/cow = 9 m2; pen area/cow = 13.5 m2; feed face width/cow = 1.5 m) or high stocking density (bed area/cow = 4.5 m2; pen area/cow = 6.75 m2; feed face width/cow = 0.75m) conforming to a changeover design with two periods, each of four weeks. The cows were fed a total mixed ration ad libitum and 2kg/cow/day of concentrate in the milking parlour. All animals were milked twice daily.

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