Determination of heat stress zone for daily milk yield using carryover heat effect model in Murrah buffaloes

Water buffaloes wallow in water to combat heat stress during summer. With the decreasing reservoirs for wallowing, the farmers use sprinklers to cool the buffaloes in Pakistan. These sprinklers use a large quantity of groundwater, which is becoming scarce. The objective of the current study was to determine the effect of different sprinkler flow rates on the physiological, behavioral, and production responses of Nili Ravi buffaloes during summer. Eighteen buffaloes were randomly subjected to three sprinkler flow rate treatments in a double replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design. The flow rates were 0.8, 1.25, and 2.0 L/min. During the study, the average afternoon temperature humidity index was 84.6. The 1.25 and 2.0 L/min groups had significantly lower rectal temperature and respiratory rates than the 0.8 L/min group. Water intake was significantly higher in the 0.8 L/min group. Daily milk yield was higher in the 1.25 and 2.0 L/min groups than in the 0.8 L/min group. These results suggested that the sprinkler flow rates > 0.8 L/min effectively cooled the buffaloes. The sprinkler flow rate of 1.25 L/min appeared to be more efficient, as it used 37.5% less water compared to the 2.0 L/min.

Download Full-text

Quantifying the effect of heat stress on daily milk yield and monitoring dynamic changes using an adaptive dynamic model

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.2010-4139 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 94 (9) ◽

pp. 4502-4513 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

G. André ◽

B. Engel ◽

P.B.M. Berentsen ◽

Th.V. Vellinga ◽

A.G.J.M. Oude Lansink

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Dynamic Model ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Dynamic Changes ◽

Adaptive Dynamic ◽

Daily Milk Yield ◽

Daily Milk

Download Full-text

Random Forest Modelling of Milk Yield of Dairy Cows under Heat Stress Conditions

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11051305 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1305

Author(s):

Marco Bovo ◽

Miki Agrusti ◽

Stefano Benni ◽

Daniele Torreggiani ◽

Patrizia Tassinari

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Random Forest ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Numerical Models ◽

Machine Learning Techniques ◽

Time Data ◽

Daily Milk Yield ◽

Daily Milk

Precision Livestock Farming (PLF) relies on several technological approaches to acquire, in the most efficient way, precise and real-time data concerning production and welfare of individual animals. In this regard, in the dairy sector, PLF devices are being increasingly adopted, automatic milking systems (AMSs) are becoming increasingly widespread, and monitoring systems for animals and environmental conditions are becoming common tools in herd management. As a consequence, a great amount of daily recorded data concerning individual animals are available for the farmers and they could be used effectively for the calibration of numerical models to be used for the prediction of future animal production trends. On the other hand, the machine learning approaches in PLF are nowadays considered an extremely promising solution in the research field of livestock farms and the application of these techniques in the dairy cattle farming would increase sustainability and efficiency of the sector. The study aims to define, train, and test a model developed through machine learning techniques, adopting a Random Forest algorithm, having the main goal to assess the trend in daily milk yield of a single cow in relation to environmental conditions. The model has been calibrated and tested on the data collected on 91 lactating cows of a dairy farm, located in northern Italy, and equipped with an AMS and thermo-hygrometric sensors during the years 2016–2017. In the statistical model, having seven predictor features, the daily milk yield is evaluated as a function of the position of the day in the lactation curve and the indoor barn conditions expressed in terms of daily average of the temperature-humidity index (THI) in the same day and its value in each of the five previous days. In this way, extreme hot conditions inducing heat stress effects can be considered in the yield predictions by the model. The average relative prediction error of the milk yield of each cow is about 18% of daily production, and only 2% of the total milk production.

Download Full-text

The influence of dietary protein intake during lactation on the reproductive performance of sows

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100028440 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 443-451 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

R. M. MacPherson ◽

F. W. H. Elsley ◽

R. I. Smart

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Live Weight ◽

Large White ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Milk Samples ◽

Daily Milk Yield ◽

Daily Milk

SUMMARY1. Forty-five Large White gilts were given 2·20 kg daily of a diet containing 14·0% crude protein during three successive pregnancies. During a 6-week lactation they received 5·30 kg daily of one of three diets containing 19·0% (HP), 16·5% (MP) or 14·0% (LP) crude protein.2. Daily milk yield was estimated on the 10th, 20th, 30th and 40th day of lactation. Milk samples were obtained from the same sows for the determination of protein, fat, lactose and total solids on the 11th, 21st, 31st and 41st day.3. One sow and litter from each treatment in each lactation was placed in metabolism cages during lactation and estimates of nitrogen and dry matter excretion obtained.4. As the concentration of protein in the diet decreased the average 42-day gain in litter weight from birth increased significantly in the first lactation. This trend continued in the second lactation although it was not significant but did not appear in the third.5. There was no marked difference in daily milk yield between treatment groups.6. There was a significantly greater loss of live weight by the sows on the lower levels of protein in the first lactation. These differences were not significant in the second and third lactations.

Download Full-text

Short communication: The lag response of daily milk yield to heat stress in dairy cows

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.2020-18183 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 104 (1) ◽

pp. 981-988

Author(s):

Gan Li ◽

Jian Chen ◽

Dandan Peng ◽

Xianhong Gu

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Short Communication ◽

Daily Milk Yield ◽

Daily Milk

Download Full-text

Prediction of test day milk yield by ac method in indigenous Balkan goats in Macedonia

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah1703299p ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 299-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nikola Pacinovski ◽

Vladimir Dzabirski ◽

Georgi Dimov ◽

Koco Porcu ◽

Elena Eftimova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Accurate Result ◽

Alternative Method ◽

The Difference ◽

Daily Milk Yield ◽

Selection Of ◽

Daily Milk

Accurate and precise milk recording is one of the most important moments for a successful selection of milking goats. In this context, breeders are constantly making efforts to find the most suitable and cheapest methods for conducting of tests for milk production. The goal of this research was to compare the A4 method (as referent method) with AC method (as alternative method), for determination of milk production, on the day of recording of the indigenous Balkan goat, in the period of 2014-2016 with milking of goats in the morning and evening. It was determined that the difference between the predicted daily milk yield with one milking (in the morning or evening) and the measured milk yield using the A4 method is too low and almost negligible. With the analysis of all factors (year, lactation and number of milk tests), it was determined that the prediction of total daily milk yield, based on the evening milking, provides more accurate result, in relation to the prediction during morning milking, in cases when using the AC method.

Download Full-text

Effects of Some Environmental Factors on Milking Time Milk Yield in Red Holstein Cows

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v5i8.917-922.1240 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 917

Author(s):

Atakan Koc

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Dairy Farm ◽

Holstein Cows ◽

The Third ◽

Morning Milk ◽

Daily Milk Yield ◽

Daily Milk

The purpose of this study is to investigate the environmental factors on the milking time milk yield of Red Holstein cows. For this aim, 172,826 morning milk yield (MMY) and 172,771 evening milk yield (EMY) data collected between 2001 and 2010 from a dairy farm in Aydin Province, Turkey were used. The THI is over 72 from June to August in the region. The effects of calving month, calving year, parity, lactation month and milking month on MMY and EMY were found to be statistically significant. For every month, year and parity, the MMY means were higher than those of the EMY. The peak daily milk yield was determined on the 46th day of lactation (31.7±0.013 kg). For parity, the highest milk yield means were detected for the third parity: 13.69±0.023 kg for MMY and 11.70±0.021 kg for EMY. In conclusion, taking precautions to protect the cows from heat stress especially for the cows calved in summer and keeping the milking interval equal for whole year would help increasing the milk yield.

Download Full-text

Persistence of heat stress eff ect in dairy cows

Linear vs piecewise Weibull model for genetic evaluation of sires for longevity in Simmental cattle ◽

10.15567/mljekarstvo.2019.0103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 30-41

Author(s):

Vesna Gantner ◽

Tina Bobić ◽

Klemen Potočnik ◽

Maja Gregić ◽

Denis Kučević

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Cell Count ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Somatic Cell Count ◽

Threshold Value ◽

Stress Effect ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Daily Milk Yield ◽

Daily Milk

In order to determine the persistence of heat stress effect in dairy cows regarding the breed, parity and susceptibility to heat stress, over 1.9 million of test-day records from Holstein and Simmental cows reared in Croatia were used. The persistence of heat stress effect in the subsequent milk recordings was determined in cows that had significant decrease of daily milk yield at different THI threshold value (65, 70, 75, 80, and 85). The obtained results indicate that cows heat stressed at lower THI threshold value had higher proportional drop of daily milk yield in subsequent milk recordings. Also, primiparous and Simmentals experienced higher proportional drop when compared to multiparous and Holsteins. The negative effect of heat stress on daily milk contents that existed in all cows was more pronounced in the 2nd subsequent milk recording. The determined increase of somatic cell count in more heat stress sensitive Holsteins (THI in 65, 70, 75) indicates that Holstein cows, in terms of heat stress, also become more susceptible to mastitis. Finally, the lower was the THI threshold value, the stronger and more persistent was the heat stress effect. Considering the quite probable increase of the frequency of heat stress days, it is necessary to develop an adequate strategy for dairy farming. Aiming the accurate answer to the problem of heat stress in this region, it is necessary to conduct further research on genetic evaluation.

Download Full-text

Determination of the Effect of Daily Production Level of Primiparous Holstein Cows on Response to Heat Stress Conditions (THI Threshold) in Eastern Croatia

Агрознање ◽

10.7251/agren1802089j ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 89 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ivana Jožef ◽

Maja Gregić ◽

Tina Bobić ◽

Božo Važić ◽

Vesna Gantner

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Least Square ◽

Production Level ◽

Holstein Cows ◽

Daily Production ◽

Significant Drop ◽

Daily Milk Yield ◽

Daily Milk

The goal of this paper was to determine the effect of daily production level of primiparous Holstein cows kept on dairy cattle farms in Eastern Croatia on response to heat stress conditions (THI threshold). With that purpose, individual test-day records with data on ambient temperature and relative humidity in the barns were analysed. Data were collected in regular milk recording from 2006-2012. The THI threshold values for daily milk yield were determined by least square analyses of variance for each given THI value (from 68 to 72) using the PROC MIXED (SAS). Low producing cows experienced significant drop at THI=68, while in high producing primiparous Holsteins first significant drop in daily milk yield was observed when THI=69. Also, the amount of daily production drop depended on cow’s production level (0.155-0.256 kg/day in high producing; 0.319-0.460 kg/day in low producing). It could be concluded that the response of primiparous Holstein cows kept in Eastern Croatia to heat stress conditions depends on daily production level.

Download Full-text