Volatile compounds and antifungal activity of Dracocephalum moldavica L. at different phenological stages

Abstract Formosan sweet gum (Liquidambar formosana Hance) is a tree species endemic in Taiwan. In this study, the composition of balsam from L. formosana has been determined by several chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Among the 26 compounds identified, three new triterpenoids were detected, namely, 2α,3α-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-al (1), 3α-hydroxyolean-12-en-30-ol (2), and 3α-hydroxyolean-2-oxo-12-en-28-al (3). The most abundant volatile compounds were β-caryophyllene (22.7%), α-pinene (23.3%), and β-pinene (19.6%), and the most abundant nonvolatile compounds were 3α,25-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (12, 19.1%), oleanonic aldehyde (9, 14.0%), and betulonic acid (15, 13.4%). The compounds 3α,25-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid and bornyl cinnamate were found to be inhibitory for white rot (Lenzites betulina) and brown rot (Laetiporus sulphureus) fungi.

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Hop Polyphenols in Relation to Verticillium Wilt Resistance and Their Antifungal Activity

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9101318 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1318

Author(s):

Sabina Berne ◽

Nataša Kovačević ◽

Damijana Kastelec ◽

Branka Javornik ◽

Sebastjan Radišek

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Verticillium Wilt ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Induced Defense ◽

Fungal Growth ◽

Defense Responses ◽

Resistant Variety ◽

Phenological Stages ◽

Total Polyphenols

(1) Background: Verticillium wilt (VW) of hop is a devastating disease caused by the soil-borne fungi Verticillium nonalfalfae and Verticillium dahliae. As suggested by quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping and RNA-Seq analyses, the underlying molecular mechanisms of resistance in hop are complex, consisting of preformed and induced defense responses, including the synthesis of various phenolic compounds. (2) Methods: We determined the total polyphenolic content at two phenological stages in roots and stems of 14 hop varieties differing in VW resistance, examined the changes in the total polyphenols of VW resistant variety Wye Target (WT) and susceptible Celeia (CE) on infection with V. nonalfalfae, and assessed the antifungal activity of six commercial phenolic compounds and total polyphenolic extracts from roots and stems of VW resistant WT and susceptible CE on the growth of two different V. nonalfalfae hop pathotypes. (3) Results: Generally, total polyphenols were higher in roots than stems and increased with maturation of the hop. Before flowering, the majority of VW resistant varieties had a significantly higher content of total polyphenols in stems than susceptible varieties. At the symptomatic stage of VW disease, total polyphenols decreased in VW resistant WT and susceptible CE plants in both roots and stems. The antifungal activity of total polyphenolic extracts against V. nonalfalfae was higher in hop extracts from stems than those from roots. Among the tested phenolic compounds, only p-coumaric acid and tyrosol markedly restricted fungal growth. (4) Conclusions: Although the correlation between VW resistance and total polyphenols content is not straightforward, higher levels of total polyphenols in the stems of the majority of VW resistant hop varieties at early phenological stages probably contribute to fast and efficient activation of signaling pathways, leading to successful defense against V. nonalfalfae infection.

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Chemical Characterization of Volatile Compounds of Lantana camara L. and L. radula Sw. and Their Antifungal Activity

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules171011447 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 11447-11455 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Juliana Lanna Passos ◽

Luiz Claudio Almeida Barbosa ◽

Antonio Jacinto Demuner ◽

Elson Santiago Alvarenga ◽

Cleiton Moreira da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Volatile Compounds ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Lantana Camara

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Volatile compounds in different parts of the fruit Psidium guajava L. cv. “Media China” identified at distinct phenological stages using HS-SPME-GC-QTOF/MS

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

10.1002/pca.2778 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 649-660 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

María P. Elizalde-González ◽

Erika J. Segura-Rivera

Keyword(s):

Volatile Compounds ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Phenological Stages ◽

Different Parts

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The killer yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus Cf20 exerts a broad anti-Candida activity through the production of killer toxins and volatile compounds

Medical Mycology ◽

10.1093/mmy/myaa011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (8) ◽

pp. 1102-1113 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Miguel Fernández de Ullivarri ◽

Gabriela A Bulacios ◽

Silvia A Navarro ◽

Lucía Lanza ◽

Lucia M Mendoza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Volatile Compounds ◽

Opportunistic Infections ◽

Killer Toxin ◽

Fungal Growth ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Killer Yeast ◽

Wickerhamomyces Anomalus ◽

Fungistatic Activity ◽

Killer Toxins

Abstract Candidiasis is a group of opportunistic infections caused by yeast of the genus Candida. The appearance of drug resistance and the adverse effects of current antifungal therapies require the search for new, more efficient therapeutic alternatives. Killer yeasts have aroused as suitable candidates for mining new antifungal compounds. Killer strains secrete antimicrobial proteins named killer toxins, with promissory antifungal activity. Here we found that the killer yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus Cf20 and its cell-free supernatant (CFS) inhibited six pathogenic strains and one collection strain of Candida spp. The inhibition is mainly mediated by secreted killer toxins and, to a lesser extent, by volatile compounds such as acetic acid and ethyl acetate. A new large killer toxin (>180 kDa) was purified, which exerted 70–74% of the total CFS anti-Candida activity, and the previously described glucanase KTCf20 was inhibitory in a lesser extent as well. In addition, we demonstrated that Cf20 possesses the genes encoding for the β-1,3-glucanases WaExg1 and WaExg2, proteins with extensively studied antifungal activity, particularly WaExg2. Finally, the 10-fold concentrated CFS exerted a high candidacidal effect at 37°C, completely inhibiting the fungal growth, although the nonconcentrated CFS (RCF 1) had very limited fungistatic activity at this temperature. In conclusion, W. anomalus Cf20 produces different low and high molecular weight compounds with anti-Candida activity that could be used to design new therapies for candidiasis and as a source for novel antimicrobial compounds as well.

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Potential of Octanol and Octanal from Heracleum sosnowskyi Fruits for the Control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12229334 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (22) ◽

pp. 9334

Author(s):

May Khaing Hpoo ◽

Maryia Mishyna ◽

Valery Prokhorov ◽

Tsutomu Arie ◽

Akihito Takano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Volatile Compounds ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Heracleum Sosnowskyi ◽

Half Maximal Effective Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Compound ◽

Race 1 ◽

Race 2

The antifungal activity of volatile compounds from the fruit, leaf, rhizome and root of 109 plant species was evaluated against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) race 1—the tomato wilt pathogen—by using the modified dish pack method. Eighty-eight plant samples inhibited mycelial growth, including volatiles from fruits of Heracleum sosnowskyi, which exhibited the strongest antifungal activity, showing 67% inhibition. Two volatile compounds from the fruits of H. sosnowskyi (octanol and octanal) and trans-2-hexenal as a control were tested for their antifungal activities against FOL race 1 and race 2. In terms of half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) values, octanol was found to be the most inhibitory compound for both pathogenic races, with the smallest EC50 values of 8.1 and 9.3 ng/mL for race 1 and race 2, respectively. In the biofumigation experiment, the lowest disease severity of tomato plants and smallest conidial population of race 1 and race 2 were found in trans-2-hexenal and octanol treated soil, while octanal had an inhibitory effect only on race 2. Therefore, our study demonstrated the effectiveness of volatile octanol and trans-2-hexenal on the control of the mycelial growth of two races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and may have potential for the future development of novel biofumigants.

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Antifungal Activity of Strawberry Fruit Volatile Compounds againstColletotrichum acutatum

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/jf0703957 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (14) ◽

pp. 5701-5707 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Francisco T. Arroyo ◽

Javier Moreno ◽

Paula Daza ◽

Lidiya Boianova ◽

Fernando Romero

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Volatile Compounds ◽

Strawberry Fruit

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Volatiles from Four Astragalus Species: Phenological Changes and their Chemotaxonomical Application

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2005-7-814 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 60 (7-8) ◽

pp. 591-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Stefan Platikanov ◽

Stefan Nikolov ◽

Dolja Pavlova ◽

Ljuba Evstatieva ◽

Simeon Popov

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Plant Defense ◽

Volatile Compounds ◽

Leaf Development ◽

Phenological Stages ◽

Chlorinated Compounds ◽

Phenological Changes ◽

Aldehydes And Ketones

This paper shows the changes of the volatile compounds from four Astragalus species at three phenological stages: leaf development, flowering and fructification, which might be connected with the plant defense. After GC/MS analyses of Astragalus glycyphyllos L., A. hamosus L., A. cicer L. and A. spruneri Boiss., different groups of volatile compounds were found: hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes and ketones, esters, terpenes, chlorinated compounds, etc. Identified volatiles were used for a cluster analysis in order to make chemotaxonomic conclusions for these evolutionary different species.

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