scholarly journals Fungicidal activity and PK/PD of caspofungin as tools to guide antifungal therapy in a fluconazole-resistant C. parapsilosis candidemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 376-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Tascini ◽  
Emanuela Sozio ◽  
Antonello Di Paolo ◽  
Giancarlo Tintori ◽  
Alessandro Leonildi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Fluconazole Resistant

scholarly journals Structure-In Vitro Activity Relationships of Pentamidine Analogues and Dication-Substituted Bis-Benzimidazoles as New Antifungal Agents

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 2495-2502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Del Poeta ◽  
Wiley A. Schell ◽  
Christine C. Dykstra ◽  
Susan Jones ◽  
Richard R. Tidwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Fluconazole Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Clinical Potential

ABSTRACT Twenty analogues of pentamidine, 7 primary metabolites of pentamidine, and 30 dicationic substituted bis-benzimidazoles were screened for their inhibitory and fungicidal activities againstCandida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. A majority of the compounds had MICs at which 80% of the strains were inhibited (MIC80s) comparable to those of amphotericin B and fluconazole. Unlike fluconazole, many of these compounds were found to have potent fungicidal activity. The most potent compound against C. albicans had an MIC80 of ≤0.09 μg/ml, and the most potent compound against C. neoformans had an MIC80 of 0.19 μg/ml. Selected compounds were also found to be active againstAspergillus fumigatus, Fusarium solani,Candida species other than C. albicans, and fluconazole-resistant strains of C. albicans and C. neoformans. It is clear from the data presented here that further studies on the structure-activity relationships, mechanisms of action and toxicities, and in vivo efficacies of these compounds are warranted to determine their clinical potential.

scholarly journals Fluconazole, D0870, and flucytosine treatment of disseminated Candida tropicalis infections in mice.

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 924-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Graybill ◽  
L K Najvar ◽  
J D Holmberg ◽  
M F Luther
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Fluconazole Resistant ◽  
Tissue Burden ◽  
Immunocompetent Mice

D0870 is a recently developed triazole with characteristics of a broad spectrum of activity and slow clearance by nonrenal mechanisms. Herein we have evaluated the efficacy of D0870, alone and combined with flucytosine, in a murine model of disseminated Candida tropicalis infection. Four isolates of C. tropicalis were evaluated. Two were highly susceptible in vitro to fluconazole, and two were resistant to fluconazole. All were highly susceptible to flucytosine and D0870. Animals were pretreated with 5-fluorouracil 1 day before infection because C. tropicalis has reduced virulence in immunocompetent mice. This was done to render them neutropenic for > 10 days. Mice were infected intravenously and treated orally with D0870 or fluconazole, alone or combined with flucytosine. Survival and tissue burden of the spleen and kidneys were used to evaluate the efficacy of antifungal therapy. Fluconazole was less effective for treatment of resistant C. tropicalis than susceptible C. tropicalis. D0870 was more potent than fluconazole and was effective in fluconazole-resistant isolates. Flucytosine was consistently effective when used alone but did not consistently add to the benefit of D0870 or fluconazole. D0870 has potential in treatment of candidiasis caused by C. tropicalis, including fluconazole-resistant isolates.

scholarly journals Time-Kill Kinetics of Rezafungin (CD101) in Vagina-Simulative Medium for Fluconazole-Susceptible and Fluconazole-ResistantCandida albicansand Non-albicans CandidaSpecies

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey B. Locke ◽  
Amanda L. Almaguer ◽  
Joanna L. Donatelli ◽  
Ken F. Bartizal
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
Fluconazole Resistant ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
Kinetics Of

Background.While echinocandins demonstrate excellent efficacy againstCandidaspecies in disseminated infections and demonstrate potent minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values under standard susceptibility testing conditions, investigation under conditions relevant to the vaginal environment was needed. We assessed the antifungal activity and time-kill kinetics of the novel echinocandin rezafungin (formerly CD101) under such conditions, againstCandidaspecies relevant to vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC).Methods. Susceptibility testing of fluconazole-susceptible and fluconazole-resistantC. albicans,C. glabrata,C. tropicalis,C. parapsilosis, andC. kruseiwas performed in RPMI at pH 7.0 and in vagina-simulative medium (VSM) at pH 4.2 for topical rezafungin, terconazole, fluconazole, and amphotericin B. Time-kill kinetics were evaluated for rezafungin and terconazole at 2, 8, 32, and 128 μg/ml over 72 hours.Results.Rezafungin MIC values were the same or 2-fold higher in VSM/pH 4.2 versus RPMI/pH 7.0. SomeC. albicansterconazole MIC values were lower, but most were significantly higher in VSM than in RPMI. Rezafungin was fungicidal against 11/14 strains and near-fungicidal against the others. Terconazole (128 μg/ml) was fungicidal againstC. kruseiand near-fungicidal against susceptibleC. parapsilosisbut fungistatic versus all other strains evaluated.Conclusion.Rezafungin retained anti-Candidaactivity and fungicidal activity under in vitro conditions relevant to VVC.

scholarly journals APPROACHES TO THE SELECTION OF ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY IN AN HIV-INFECTED PATIENT WITH FLUCONAZOLE-RESISTANT CANDIDIASIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-141
Author(s):  
Y. S. Filina ◽  
E. V. Volchkova ◽  
Y. V. Nesvizhskiy ◽  
O. F. Belaya
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Infected Patient ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Fluconazole Resistant ◽  
Selection Of

Increasing resistance Candida spp. In HIV-infected patients, often receiving long-term antifungal preparations, both for preventive and therapeutic purposes. It is necessary to develop effective treatment regimens based on the study of the resistance of Candida spp. to antifungal drugs, at species and genetic levels.

scholarly journals APPROACHES TO THE SELECTION OF ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY IN AN HIV-INFECTED PATIENT WITH FLUCONAZOLE-RESISTANT CANDIDIASIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-141
Author(s):  
Y. S. Filina ◽  
E. V. Volchkova ◽  
Y. V. Nesvizhskiy ◽  
O. F. Belaya
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Infected Patient ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Fluconazole Resistant ◽  
Selection Of

Increasing resistance Candida spp. In HIV-infected patients, often receiving long-term antifungal preparations, both for preventive and therapeutic purposes. It is necessary to develop effective treatment regimens based on the study of the resistance of Candida spp. to antifungal drugs, at species and genetic levels.

Aktivitas Antifungi Air Perasan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Candida albicans Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽  
Fauzia Andrini ◽  
Yulis Hamidy
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) has been known as traditional medicine. Shallot which has same genus with garlic(Allium sativum L.) contains allicin that is also found in garlic and has been suspected has fungicidal activity toCandida albicans. It is supported by several researches. Therefore, shallot is suspected has antifungal activity too.The aim of this research was to know antifungal activity of shallot’s water extortion againsts Candida albicans invitro. This was a laboratory experimental research which used completely randomized design, with diffusion method.Shallot’s water extortion was devided into three concentrations, there were 50%, 100% and 200%. Ketoconazole 2%was positive control and aquadest was negative control. The result of this research based on analysis of varians(Anova), there was significant difference between several treatments and was confirmed with Duncan New MultipleRange Test (DNMRT) p<0,05, there was significant difference between 100% shallot’s water extortion with othertreatments, but there was no significant difference between 50% shallot’s water extortion with 200% shallot’s. Theconclusion was shallot’s water extortion had antifungal activity againsts Candida albicans with the best concentration100%, but it was lower than ketoconazole 2%.

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