Verbal learning and memory deficits in Mild Cognitive Impairment

Recent Neuropsychological conceptualization and research evidences suggest deficiencies in information processing, receptive and expressive functions in Somatization Disorder and its plausible association with significant socio-occupational impairment. However, there exists a dearth of literature in exploration of cognitive complains reported by patients with Somatization Disorders. <italic>The objective:</italic> The present research aimed to carry out a preliminary investigation that assesses, and examines the basic lower cognitive abilities like attention, verbal learning and memory deficits in patients diagnosed with Somatization Disorder versus a group of normal subjects. <italic>Method:</italic> The study was carried out on 15 male patients diagnosed with Somatization Disorder as per ICD-10 CDDG, aged 20-30 years, in comparison to 15, gender, age, socio economic status, education and background matched normal subjects. The subjects were assessed on tests from The Nimhans Battery (<italic>Rao, Subbakrishna</italic>, <italic>Gopukumar, 2004</italic>), The Color Trails Test (<italic>D&Elia, Satz, Uchiyama, White, 1996</italic>) , The Digit Vigilance Test (<italic>Lezak, 1995</italic>) , The Triads Test (<italic>Nimhans version, 2004</italic>), The Auditory Verbal Learning Test (<italic>Maj et al., 1994</italic>) and The Passages Test (<italic>Mukundan, Reddy, Hegde, Jayanthi, Kaliaperumai, 1987</italic>). <italic>Results:</italic> Significant cognitive deficits were found in the Somatization patient group in comparison to control on subdomains of Sustained Attention, Divided Attention, and on all subdomains of auditory verbal list learning and memory. No significant deficits were found on the subdomains of focused Attention and Logical Memory. <italic>Conclusion:</italic> Evidences of this pilot study suggests that Somatization Disorder is associated with Attention, Verbal Learning and Memory deficits that needs to be investigated elaborately in consideration of function impairments faced by such patients in their day to day lives.

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Interrelated neuropsychological and anatomical evidence of hippocampal pathology in the at-risk mental state

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291708003279 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 843-851 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

R. Hurlemann ◽

F. Jessen ◽

M. Wagner ◽

I. Frommann ◽

S. Ruhrmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Learning And Memory ◽

Mental State ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Preventive Treatment ◽

Memory Deficits ◽

Learning And Memory Deficits ◽

At Risk Mental State

BackgroundVerbal learning and memory deficits are frequent among patients with schizophrenia and correlate with reduced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volumes of the hippocampus in these patients. A crucial question is the extent to which interrelated structural-functional deficits of the hippocampus reflect a vulnerability to schizophrenia, as opposed to the disorder per se.MethodWe combined brain structural measures and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) to assess hippocampal structure and function in 36 never-medicated individuals suspected to be in early (EPS) or late prodromal states (LPS) of schizophrenia relative to 30 healthy controls.ResultsGroup comparisons revealed bilaterally reduced MRI hippocampal volumes in both EPS and LPS subjects. In LPS subjects but not in EPS subjects, these reductions were correlated with poorer performance in RAVLT delayed recall.ConclusionsOur findings suggest progressive and interrelated structural-functional pathology of the hippocampus, as prodromal symptoms and behaviours accumulate, and the level of risk for psychosis increases. Given the inverse correlation of learning and memory deficits with social and vocational functioning in established schizophrenia, our findings substantiate the rationale for developing preventive treatment strategies that maintain cognitive capacities in the at-risk mental state.

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Indices of Verbal learning and memory deficits after right hemisphere stroke

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1016/0003-9993(93)90162-4 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 74 (6) ◽

pp. 631-636 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Peter O. Welte

Keyword(s):

Learning And Memory ◽

Right Hemisphere ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Memory Deficits ◽

Learning And Memory Deficits ◽

Right Hemisphere Stroke

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Learning and Memory Deficits in Detoxified Alcoholics

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e496342006-010 ◽

1990 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marlene Oscar-Berman ◽

Keyword(s):

Learning And Memory ◽

Memory Deficits ◽

Learning And Memory Deficits

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Event-related potential and EEG oscillatory predictors of verbal memory in mild cognitive impairment

Brain Communications ◽

10.1093/braincomms/fcaa213 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Jiangyi Xia ◽

Ali Mazaheri ◽

Katrien Segaert ◽

David P Salmon ◽

Danielle Harvey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Verbal Memory ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Event Related Potential ◽

Single Trial ◽

Prodromal Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alpha Beta

Abstract Reliable biomarkers of memory decline are critical for the early detection of Alzheimer’s disease. Previous work has found three EEG measures, namely the event-related brain potential P600, suppression of oscillatory activity in the alpha frequency range (∼10 Hz) and cross-frequency coupling between low theta/high delta and alpha/beta activity, each of which correlates strongly with verbal learning and memory abilities in healthy elderly and patients with mild cognitive impairment or prodromal Alzheimer’s disease. In the present study, we address the question of whether event-related or oscillatory measures, or a combination thereof, best predict the decline of verbal memory in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. Single-trial correlation analyses show that despite a similarity in their time courses and sensitivities to word repetition, the P600 and the alpha suppression components are minimally correlated with each other on a trial-by-trial basis (generally |rs| < 0.10). This suggests that they are unlikely to stem from the same neural mechanism. Furthermore, event-related brain potentials constructed from bandpass filtered (delta, theta, alpha, beta or gamma bands) single-trial data indicate that only delta band activity (1–4 Hz) is strongly correlated (r = 0.94, P < 0.001) with the canonical P600 repetition effect; event-related potentials in higher frequency bands are not. Importantly, stepwise multiple regression analyses reveal that the three event-related brain potential/oscillatory measures are complementary in predicting California Verbal Learning Test scores (overall R2’s in 0.45–0.63 range). The present study highlights the importance of combining EEG event-related potential and oscillatory measures to better characterize the multiple mechanisms of memory failure in individuals with mild cognitive impairment or prodromal Alzheimer’s disease.

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