Absent fathers: Psychological and socio-economic implications for black children and directions for future research

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
Simnikiwe Magqamfana ◽  
Sandiso Bazana
Keyword(s):  
Black Children ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Absent Fathers ◽  
Economic Implications

scholarly journals Exploring the intersection of traumatic brain injury and mental health in survivors of intimate partner violence

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Toccalino ◽  
Amy Moore ◽  
Sophia Chuon Gutierrez ◽  
Angela Colantonio ◽  
Christine M. Wickens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Heterosexual Relationships ◽  
Economic Implications

Introduction: One in four Canadian women experience intimate partner violence (IPV) in their lifetime. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased rates of IPV globally and the level of violence encountered, exposing IPV survivors to greater risk of physical injury, including traumatic brain injury (TBI). Up to 75% of survivors are suspected of sustaining a TBI and 50-75% experience mental health or substance use challenges (MHSU) as a result of IPV, resulting in extensive personal, social, and economic implications. Objective: The objective of this scoping review was to synthesize what is currently known in the literature about MHSU and TBI among survivors of IPV and identify gaps. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles using a search strategy including text words and subject headings related to TBI, IPV, and MHSU. Two reviewers independently assessed articles for inclusion. Results: The search identified 399 unique articles, 34 of which were included in this study. Of these, 11 articles reported on MHSU in IPV-related TBI and 9 articles reported on both TBI and MHSU in IPV but did not discuss the groups together. The remainder were reviews or theses that noted MHSU in IPV-related TBI. Included articles predominantly focused on cis-gendered women in heterosexual relationships and were conducted in the United States. Only three articles focused on the experiences of Black or Indigenous women and none of the included studies discussed implications of co-occurring TBI and MHSU on survivor’s healthcare-related needs or access to care. Conclusions: Despite the high rates of co-occurring TBI and MHSU among survivors of IPV, there is little research on this intersection and no investigation of the impacts on the health system. Future research should focus on identifying the healthcare-related needs of survivors and identifying and mitigating barriers to access.

scholarly journals The Little Ice Age, the climatic background of present-day warming in Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Oliva
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Climate Regime ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The Little Ice Age (LIA) constitutes the coldest period of the last millennia in Europe. A wide range of natural and historical records show evidence of colder climate conditions between the 14th and 19th centuries, together with a higher frequency of extreme hydroclimatic events. During these centuries, temperatures and precipitations showed different spatio-temporal patterns across Europe. This Special Issue includes eleven scientific works focusing on the climate regime, environmental dynamics as well as socio-economic implications of the LIA in Europe. Besides, this paper also identifies key guidelines for future research on the LIA causes and its consequences on environmental systems in the European continent.

Empirical investigation of moderating and mediating variables in between transformational leadership and related outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1123-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeevan Jyoti ◽  
Sonia Bhau
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Business World ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the multi-layer effect of transformational leadership (TL) on employee-related outcomes, i.e. relational identification (RI) and satisfaction with leader (SWL). Further, role of leader member exchange (LMX) and the association period in between TL and RI as well as SWL shall also be examined. So, the present paper attempts to evaluate the moderated-mediated effect of TL on RI and SWL. Design/methodology/approach – The model has been tested in the higher education sector. Information regarding TL, LMX, SWL and RI has been procured from teachers. The data have been duly validated with the help of confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability has been assessed through Cronbach’s α and composite reliability. Structural equation modelling has been used for testing the hypotheses. Moderation has been checked through multi-group analysis. Findings – The results indicate that association period moderates the TL and LMX relationship. LMX mediates the TL and RI and SWL relationship. Finally, moderated- mediated impact of TL on RI and SWL have been found. Managerial, practical, social, economic implications and scope for future research have also been discussed. Research limitations/implications – This study represents a cross-sectional investigations as responses were gathered from respondents at a particular point of time. Moreover, the study is confined to government degree colleges operating in Jammu district only. In future longitudinal study can be conducted. Comparative study between private and public colleges can be undertaken in future. Practical implications – Leaders should focus on creating positive environment, where personal work goals of the subordinates are linked with organisational goals, with the help of role-person integration. Leaders should make their decisions more transparent by exhibiting consistency in their logic and reasoning. Remaining impartial in decision making will help leaders to instil trust and respect in the minds of subordinates. Trust among the followers can be increased through commitments and achievement of goals. Leaders should create more enthusiasm and optimism amongst the employees. Social implications – Leaders in education institutes should create social and emotional learning environment in the colleges. This can be done by arranging informal meetings, some kinds of fares, painting competitions and festive celebrations at collaborative level. This strategic action will help to provide an opportunity to all employees’ to come forward in an informal friendly environment, which will help to reduce stress, anxiety, and depression; and improve the quality of relationship and ultimately enhance satisfaction among followers’ with respect to their leaders. The followers work for the achievement of departmental as well as the organisational goals in collaboration with their leaders. Originality/value – The paper has evaluated the moderation of association period between TL and LMX relationship in higher education sector which has not been explored earlier in leadership studies. Many studies have evaluated the direct impact but moderated-mediated impact of TL on RI and SWL has not been evaluated earlier, which will contribute equally to academic as well as business world.

Assessing the Benefits of Psychotherapy

1987 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. McGrath ◽  
K. Lowson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
National Health Service ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Economic Studies ◽  
Psychotherapy Services

Recent debate about the place of psychotherapy in the National Health Service, while emphasising the importance of economic evaluation, has concentrated almost exclusively on issues of clinical outcome. This paper argues that the debate has focussed on too narrow a definition of psychotherapy and too limited a view of the possible effects of psychotherapy, both good and bad. It reviews evidence concerning the demand and need for psychotherapy services in a number of clinical settings, and discusses the economic implications of the provision of such services. Economic studies of psychotherapy are reviewed and a conclusion drawn that it might be possible to justify the provision of psychotherapy services on economic grounds, but that considerably more research needs to be done in this area. The directions such future research might take are outlined.

Dissections After Infrainguinal Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty: A Systematic Review and Current State of Clinical Evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehrin J. Armstrong ◽  
Marianne Brodmann ◽  
David H. Deaton ◽  
William A. Gray ◽  
Michael R. Jaff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Balloon Angioplasty ◽  
Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Transluminal Angioplasty ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Endovascular Interventions ◽  
Percutaneous Transluminal

Purpose: To systematically review the literature and extract information on the definitions, prevalence, implications, and treatment of dissections after infrainguinal balloon angioplasty, with a goal of summarizing current data and identifying gaps in knowledge to help direct future research. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Medline (PubMed), Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were reviewed for prospective and retrospective studies reporting dissection identification, characterization, incidence, severity, and/or outcomes after infrainguinal balloon angioplasty up to January 30, 2019. The electronic search resulted in 288 studies. From these, 153 full-text articles were assessed, and 51 published from 1964 to 2018 were selected as relevant to this systematic review. Because of the significant between-study differences in lesion characteristics, reporting methods, and lack of core laboratory adjudication, the findings were summarized from each study, but the results were not pooled. Results: The mechanism of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) consists of adventitial stretching, medial necrosis, and controlled dissection or plaque fracture. PTA-induced dissections can precipitate pathological high and low shear hemodynamic defects and have been implicated as a contributing factor in procedural complications as well as restenosis at the treatment site. The development of significant dissection after PTA often leads to the use of adjunctive therapies, including stent placement. Despite the ubiquitous nature of dissection after balloon angioplasty (incidence 7.4% to 84%), limited data are available to categorize dissections in the peripheral arteries and direct subsequent treatments to improve vessel patency. With the increased utilization of drug-coated balloon angioplasty, understanding the outcomes of postangioplasty dissection has become increasingly important, as the decision to treat dissections with additional strategies has therapeutic and economic implications. Conclusion: All post-PTA dissections in the femoropopliteal arteries may benefit from a treatment approach that ensures optimal hemodynamics with long-term durability in treated lesions. Further understanding the importance of postangioplasty dissections, along with the development of new technologies, will help optimize the patency of endovascular interventions.

The Distribution of Ratings Assigned to Blind Replicates

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Bodington
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Jel Classifications

AbstractThe inability of many wine judges to achieve perfect consistency by assigning the same rating to the same wine in a blind tasting is well established. Results for four wine tastings that include blind replicates are examined in this article. Although perfection is rare, the probability distributions of those results show that wine judges do tend to assign closer ratings to replicates than is likely due to chance alone. Approximately one-third of judges assign ratings that are within one rank of perfect consistency, and two-thirds assign ratings within two ranks of perfect consistency. This finding is sensitive to judges’ capabilities, the mechanics of the tasting protocol, and the extent to which the replicate is different from other wines in the tasting. Much wine-related research to date takes judges’ individual ratings as deterministic, yet these results show that those ratings are stochastic. These results yield a probability distribution that may guide future research concerning the uses and economic implications of wine ratings. (JEL Classifications: A10, C10, C00, C12, D12)

scholarly journals Omni-channel users and omni-channel customers: a segmentation analysis using distribution services

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Cortiñas ◽  
Raquel Chocarro ◽  
Margarita Elorz
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Customer Segmentation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Price Perception ◽  
Distribution Services ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Channel Segment

Purpose Consumers are increasingly combining distribution channels, thus displaying so-called omni-channel behavior, both to complete a given purchase and between purchases. The authors make a distinction between omni-channel customers, who make use of distribution services in both channels and omni-channel users, who make partial use of the distribution services of one channel to support purchases in another. This paper aims to identify the omni-channel behavior among the customers of a global fast fashion retailer dealing in a wide range of apparel and clothing accessories. Design/methodology/approach Using a multinomial logit model, the authors perform a customer segmentation based on observed omni-channel behavior, considering the explanatory roles of demographics, distribution service features and customer service policies across the different retail channels. Findings The authors observe that the key retail channel features for explaining omni-channel customer behavior are product accessibility, both in store and online; the assurance that goods purchased online will satisfy the customer’s needs and expectations; and the option to return goods found unsatisfactory. Practical implications The results clearly show that the nature of the visits and purchases made by customers is determined by various components of the companýs customer service policy, which can, therefore, be used to guide the retailer’s segmentation strategy. Originality/value Future lines of research should explore the economic implications of this customer segmentation. The price perception data emerging from our findings suggest a greater sensitivity to prices in the mono-channel segment, which might be worth exploring in future research. Future research Future lines of research should explore the economic implications of this customer segmentation. The price perception data emerging from our findings suggest a greater sensitivity to prices in the mono-channel segment which might be worth exploring in future research.

Perceived brand portfolios: how individual views hamper efficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 610-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Åsberg
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Consistent Difference ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brand Portfolio ◽  
Under Performing ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Brand Portfolios

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the perceived content and structure of a brand portfolio, which may differ between individuals, by mapping the brand portfolio of two multi-national companies from the perspective of the marketing team. The discrepant views between individuals are analyzed and an aggregated brand portfolio is presented. Design/methodology/approach – Semi-structured interviews with nine marketing professionals were used to map their individual perceived brand portfolios and structure, based on the Brand Concept Map methodology. Findings – The study finds that there is a consistent difference in the individual perceived brand portfolio between marketing professionals. Brands that are not supported by all stakeholders may be suffering from an unclear positioning or undesired associations, and should receive management attention. Research limitations/implications – Explanations for the results are offered and future research is suggested to determine the generalizability of the findings and the economic implications of discrepant views on the company’s brand portfolio. Practical implications – Marketing practitioners should consider the possible effects of conflicting views within their marketing teams on business performance. Identifying brands that are not supported by all stakeholders could be a way to discover under-performing brands with problematic brand positions in need of immediate attention. Originality/value – This study is the first to compare and fully map the differences in perception of a company’s brand portfolio among internal stakeholders and the possible implications of this discrepancy.

The economic implications of organic farming

1986 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Cacek ◽  
Linda L. Langner
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Balance Of Trade

AbstractMany farmers are turning to organic or “low input” farming as a strategy for economic survival. Several comparisons of actual grain farms in the central and northern states showed that organic farming equals or exceeds conventional farming in economic performance. These findings are supported by studies that used yield data from research plots as inputs to economic models. However, models that relied more heavily on hypothetical data showed an economic disadvantage for organic farming. This may have been a result of the failure of the hypothetical models to incorporate valid assumptions on conservation and efficient utilization of water, nutrients, fuel, labor, and capital. Established organic farmers are less vulnerable to natural and economic risks than conventional farmers because their systems are more diversified. They also are less able, however, to take advantage of income tax deductions. Future trends in commodity prices, input prices, pollution regulation, and research can be expected to have mixed effects on conventional and organic farmers, but the net impact will probably favor organic farmers. On a macroeconomic (i.e. national) scale, conversion to organic farming would have many benefits. It would reduce federal costs for supporting commodity prices, reduce depletion of fossil fuels, reduce the social costs associated with erosion, improve fish and wildlife habitats, and insure the productivity of the land for future generations. However, widespread conversion to organic farming would have an undesirable impact on the balance of trade. Future research on the economics of organic farming at the farm or microeconomics level should be directed at horticultural crops, southern latitudes, marketing, and the process of conversion from conventional to organic farming. Future macroeconomic research should quantify the social benefits described above, enabling decision makers to compare organic farming with other policy options.

scholarly journals Revisiting economic burdens of malaria in the face of climate change: a conceptual analysis for Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amsalu Woldie Yalew
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Malaria Incidence ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Malaria Risk ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Purpose Climate change affects the geographic and seasonal range of malaria incidence, especially, in poor tropical countries. This paper aims to attempt to conceptualize the potential economic repercussions of such effects with its focus on Ethiopia. Design/methodology/approach The paper is conceptual and descriptive in its design. It first reviews existing literature and evidence on the economic burdens of malaria, and the impacts of climate change on malaria disease. It then draws the economic implications of the expected malaria risk under the future climate. This is accompanied by a discussion on a set of methods that can be used to quantify the economic effects of malaria with or without climate change. Findings A review of available evidence shows that climate change is likely to increase the geographic and seasonal range of malaria incidence in Ethiopia. The economic consequences of even a marginal increase in malaria risk will be substantial as one considers the projected impacts of climate change through other channels, the current population exposed to malaria risk and the country’s health system, economic structure and level of investment. The potential effects have the potency to require more household and public spending for health, to perpetuate poverty and inequality and to strain agricultural and regional development. Originality/value This paper sheds light on the economic implications of climate change impacts on malaria, particularly, in Agrarian countries laying in the tropics. It illustrates how such impacts will interact with other impact channels of climate change, and thus evolve to influence the macro-economy. The paper also proposes a set of methods that can be used to quantify the potential economic effects of malaria. The paper seeks to stimulate future research on this important topic which rather has been neglected.

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