scholarly journals Open-angle glaucoma: therapeutically targeting the extracellular matrix of the conventional outflow pathway

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1037-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey O’Callaghan ◽  
Paul S. Cassidy ◽  
Pete Humphries
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Outflow Pathway

Surgical resection of the sclera is a non-penetrating operation for the treatment of patients with primary open-angle and secondary glaucoma

GlaucomaNews ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
А.Y. Kazantseva ◽  
◽  
O.A. Rumyantseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Secondary Glaucoma ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Visual Functions ◽  
Dynamic Observation ◽  
Uveoscleral Outflow ◽  
Outflow Pathway

Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of surgical resection of the sclera in patients with primary open-angle and secondary glaucoma. Materials and methods. The study included 84 patients with POAG and SG stages III-IV and decompensated IOP level (not higher than 32 mm Hg). In order to normalize the increased ophthalmotonus, a non - penetrating operation was performed-surgical resection of the sclera (SRS). The patients underwent complex ophthalmological examination and dynamic observation. Result. In the studied groups of patients after surgical treatment there was a decrease in elevated IOP levels by 33.42%, an improvement in the coefficient of ease of outflow and a weakening of the hypotensive regime. Stabilization of visual functions was observed in all patients. Summary. The proposed new SRS technique provides a smooth decrease in IOP, preservation of visual functions and is not accompanied by intra-and postoperative complications. Key words: primary open-angle glaucoma, surgical resection of sclera, secondary glaucoma, uveoscleral outflow pathway (USPO), intraocular pressure, EO coefficient .

Surgical resection of the sclera is a non-penetrating operation for the treatment of patients with primary open-angle and secondary glaucoma

GlaucomaNews ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
А.Y. Kazantseva ◽  
◽  
O.A. Rumyantseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Secondary Glaucoma ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Visual Functions ◽  
Dynamic Observation ◽  
Uveoscleral Outflow ◽  
Outflow Pathway

Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of surgical resection of the sclera in patients with primary open-angle and secondary glaucoma. Materials and methods. The study included 84 patients with POAG and SG stages III-IV and decompensated IOP level (not higher than 32 mm Hg). In order to normalize the increased ophthalmotonus, a non - penetrating operation was performed-surgical resection of the sclera (SRS). The patients underwent complex ophthalmological examination and dynamic observation. Result. In the studied groups of patients after surgical treatment there was a decrease in elevated IOP levels by 33.42%, an improvement in the coefficient of ease of outflow and a weakening of the hypotensive regime. Stabilization of visual functions was observed in all patients. Summary. The proposed new SRS technique provides a smooth decrease in IOP, preservation of visual functions and is not accompanied by intra-and postoperative complications. Key words: primary open-angle glaucoma, surgical resection of sclera, secondary glaucoma, uveoscleral outflow pathway (USPO), intraocular pressure, EO coefficient .

scholarly journals Matrix Metalloproteinase and Their Inhibitors Concentration and Activity Variations in Aqueous Humor and Plasma of Glaucoma Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1829-1833
Author(s):  
Iulia Maria Ciotu ◽  
Alina Constantin ◽  
Liliana Voinea ◽  
Valeriu Atanasiu
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
The Body ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Aqueous Humor Outflow ◽  
Cataract Patients

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of endopeptidases with the role of reorganizing the extracellular matrix of cells through the body. In aqueous humor MMPs have an important role in turnover regulation by acting on the constant remodeling of the trabecular mesh keeping at a constant level the trabecular resistance for a good aqueous humor outflow and consequently of the intraocular pressure.In this paper, we aimed to assess the levels of MMP-2/TIMP-1 and MMP-9/TIMP-2 ratio in aqueous humor samples and in the plasma of patients with open angle glaucoma and cataract patients that serves as control, and to evaluate the gelatinolytic activity MMP-2 and MMP-9 in aqueous humor samples. Aqueous humor and plasma samples were collected from 30 patients, 14 from open angle glaucoma and 16 from cataract patients. Levels of MMP-2, -9 and TIMP -1 and -2 were determined by zymography and immunoassays, using specific kits. The data obtained suggest the presence of a direct correlation between the levels and activity of MMP influencing the accumulation of abnormal matrix and may have an impact on the pathogenesis of open angle glaucoma.\

scholarly journals Activation of uveolymphatic outflow pathway after non-penetrating glaucoma surgery without filtering bleb: case reports

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
V. Kumar ◽  
◽  
K.A. Abu Zaalan ◽  
M.A. Frolov ◽  
A.S. Shradqa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Glaucoma Surgery ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Filtering Bleb ◽  
Aqueous Humor Outflow ◽  
Collagen Implant ◽  
Outflow Pathway

The authors propose a modified technique of non-penetrating filtering glaucoma surgery for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) to improve the uveoscleral outflow. The study enrolled 11 patients with POAG. A novel surgical technique included two steps. The first step was modified deep sclerectomy and cyclodyalysis with collagen implant placed into the supraciliary space. The second step (after 7–10 days) was YAG laser trabeculotomy. Surgical site and adjacent areas were examined by optical coherence tomography (OCT). After 6 months, mean IOP significantly reduced by 52% (from 30.0±10.3 mm Hg to 14.6±5.0 mm Hg, р=0.0004) while the number of IOP-lowering medications reduced by 79% (from 2.9±1.0 to 0.6±0.4, р=0.000001). The aqueous humor outflow occurred through conjunctival lymphatic vessels without filtering bleb formation, as illustrated by OCT. Postoperative complications were minor and easy-to-treat. Three case reports are discussed. Keywords: open-angle glaucoma, glaucoma surgery, conjunctival lymphatics, filtering bleb, non-penetrating glaucoma surgery, uveolymphatic outflow pathway. For citation: Kumar V., Abu Zaalan K.A., Frolov M.A. et al. Activation of uveolymphatic outflow pathway after non-penetrating glaucoma surgery without filtering bleb: case reports. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2021;21(2):108–115. DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2021- 21-2-108-115.

scholarly journals The Effect of Hyaluronic Acid on MMP-9 Expression in Trabecular Meshwork Cell Culture of Patient with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Cicih Komariah ◽  
Ma’sum Effendi ◽  
Hidayat Sujuti
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Trabecular Meshwork ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Trabecular Meshwork Cell ◽  
Matrix Deposition ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Deposition

In primary open angle glaucoma, decrease of hyaluronic acid level is related to extracellular matrix deposition of trabecular meshwork. Extracellular matrix deposition will increase humor aqueous outflow resistance which in turn increase the intraocular pressure. MMP-9 as one of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family, has a high potency to degrade the extracellular matrix. The expression of MMP-9 can be activated by hyaluronic acid through its binding with CD44 as hyaluronic main receptor. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of hyaluronic acid on MMP-9 expression in trabecular meshwork cell culture of patient with primary open angle glaucoma by immunocytochemical method. Trabecular meshwork cell culture were exposed to hyaluronic acid at four different concentration (0mg/ml, 1 mg/mL, 3 mg/mL, 6 mg/mL). After 24 hours incubated, we find a significant difference of MMP-9 expression between control group and group with hyaluronic acid. There was significant correlation between hyaluronic acid and MMP-9 expression. Hyaluronic acid exposure will increase MMP-9 expression in trabecular meshwork cell culture. This finding suggest that hyaluronic acid can influence the resistance of humor aqueous outflow in trabecular meshwork by up-regulating MMP-9 expression, and therefore will increase extracellular matrix degradation.Key words : hyaluronic acid, primary open angle glaucoma, MMP-9

Freeze-controlled Crystallisation of the Aqueous Humour in Glaucomatous and Non-glaucomatous Patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Christoph Faschinger ◽  
Franz Rabensteiner Dieter ◽  
Christian Eberle ◽  
Georg Mossböck ◽  
Otto Schmut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Trabecular Meshwork ◽  
Aqueous Humour ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Pigmentary Glaucoma ◽  
Multifactorial Disease ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Microscope Slide ◽  
Trabecular Meshwork Cells

The purpose of this study was to investigate the aqueous humour of glaucomatous and non-glaucomatous patients by freeze-controlled crystallisation qualitatively to detect a possible difference. Aqueous humour was taken from 20 patients with different kinds of glaucoma (11 primary open-angle glaucoma, eight pseudo-exfoliation glaucoma, one pigmentary glaucoma) and compared with samples from 40 patients with cataracts and to samples from seven patients with cataract and glaucoma; 1μl of each sample was applied to a microscope slide and put in a deep-freezer at a constant temperature of -20°C for 24 hours. During this time, the water evaporated and distinct crystal patterns developed. These patterns were examined stereo-microscopically, stored digitally and compared with each other. Many distinct crystals of different sizes and formations were obtained. No obvious differences in the crystal patterns could be found between the three groups (patients with glaucoma, cataract or cataract and glaucoma). As a multifactorial disease, open-angle glaucoma is characterised by specific changes to the trabecular meshwork cells with an accumulation of deposits of extracellular matrix. Since the trabeculum is rinsed consistently by aqueous humour, changes of the compounds might influence these cells. Alterations concerning this were published. In contrast to the ferning test, one of several methods of examining fluids with patterns that are highly dependent on temperature and humidity, our examinations with freeze-controlled crystallisation at a constant and controlled temperature of – 20°C gave more valid results. In our study we could not find obvious differences in the crystal patterns of patients with cataract, glaucoma or cataract and glaucoma.

Pathogenesis of Increased Intraocular Pressure in Primary Open‑Angle Glaucoma: Literature Review

The Eye ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
A. A. Panov ◽  
V. S. Akopyan ◽  
N. S. Semenova
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Trabecular Meshwork ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Economic Significance

Introduction. Despite the high socio-economic significance of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the etiotropic and pathogenetic treatment of this disorder has not yet been implemented, since the mechanisms of the development of this disease are not fully known and understood. One of the topical issues is the pathogenesis of ophthalmic hypertension in POAG.Purpose. To summarize the currently known mechanisms of ophthalmic hypertension in POAG to search for potential molecular targets for pathogenetic pharmacotherapy.Materials and methods. Analysis of publications on PubMed, Medline and eLibrary.Results. Ophthalmic hypertension in POAG emerges due to increased resistance to aqueous humor (AH) outflow. It is caused by increased stiffness of Schlemm’s canal endothelium and trabecular meshwork as a result of changes in the structure and biomechanical properties of its cells and extracellular matrix. These changes are determined by the interaction of signaling molecules in the form of a pathological circle, the main links of which are TGF-β2 and its receptor, Smad 2/3/4, YAP/TAZ, sFRP-1 and CTGF.Conclusion. The cause of ophthalmic hypertension in POAG is fibrosis of the trabecular meshwork. This pathological process is based on the interaction of proteins, the main of which are TGF-β2 and its receptor, Smad 2/3/4, YAP/TAZ, sFRP-1 and CTGF. These molecules can become promising targets for the pathogenetic pharmacological therapy of POAG.

scholarly journals The Extracellular Matrix of the Human and Whale Cornea and Sclera: Implications in Glaucoma and Other Pathologies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Vecino ◽  
Noelia Ruzafa ◽  
Xandra Pereiro ◽  
Ane Zulueta ◽  
Alfredo Sarmiento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Ground Substance ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Clinical Interest ◽  
Structure And Ultrastructure ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Brain

The cornea is the transparent part of the eye that allows light to enter into the eye and reach the retina, thereby activating the neurons that will send messages to the brain. The sclera is the hard-white part of the eye, and its main function is to provide structure and form to the eye, and to support the retina. Indeed, while the cornea best performs its main functions when transparent and it is capable of adapting its curvature to allow the eye to focus, the sclera must be opaque and hard to function correctly. Both structures are mainly composed of collagen, some elastic fibres and ground substance, all components of the Extracellular Matrix. The disposition of the collagen fibres and the amount of ground substance around the fibres is responsible for the differences in the aspect of both these structures. In this chapter, for the first time we have compared the structure and ultrastructure of the cornea and sclera in humans and the whale adult (18mts) Balaenoptera physalus, the second largest animal on the planet. We will discuss how the differences in their structure may be related to the maintenance of intraocular pressure in their distinct environments, which is of particular clinical interest as increased intraocular pressure is one of the main causes underlying the development of open angle glaucoma.

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