Unmasking hidden species diversity within the Ramazzottius oberhaeuseri complex, with an integrative redescription of the nominal species for the family Ramazzottiidae (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Parachela)

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Stec ◽  
Witold Morek ◽  
Piotr Gąsiorek ◽  
Łukasz Michalczyk
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
The Family

An integrative redescription of Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840), the nominal taxon for Hypsibioidea (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4415 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIOTR GĄSIOREK ◽  
DANIEL STEC ◽  
WITOLD MOREK ◽  
ŁUKASZ MICHALCZYK
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
The Family ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Hypsibius Dujardini

A laboratory strain identified as “Hypsibius dujardini” is one of the best studied tardigrade strains: it is widely used as a model organism in a variety of research projects, ranging from developmental and evolutionary biology through physiology and anatomy to astrobiology. Hypsibius dujardini, originally described from the Île-de-France by Doyère in the first half of the 19th century, is now the nominal species for the superfamily Hypsibioidea. The species was traditionally considered cosmopolitan despite the fact that insufficient, old and sometimes contradictory descriptions and records prevented adequate delineations of similar Hypsibius species. As a consequence, H. dujardini appeared to occur globally, from Norway to Samoa. In this paper, we provide the first integrated taxonomic redescription of H. dujardini. In addition to classic imaging by light microscopy and a comprehensive morphometric dataset, we present scanning electron photomicrographs, and DNA sequences for three nuclear markers (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS-2) and one mitochondrial marker (COI) that are characterised by various mutation rates. The results of our study reveal that a commercially available strain that is maintained in many laboratories throughout the world, and assumed to represent H. dujardini sensu stricto, represents, in fact, a new species: H. exemplaris sp. nov. Redescribing the nominal taxon for Hypsibiidae, we also redefine the family and amend the definitions of the subfamily Hypsibiinae and the genus Hypsibius. Moreover, we transfer H. arcticus (Murray, 1907) and Hypsibius conifer Mihelčič, 1938 to the genus Ramazzottius since the species exhibit claws and eggs of the Ramazzottius type. Finally, we designate H. fuhrmanni as subjectively invalid because the extremely poor description precludes identifying neotype material. 

The genus Trophomera Rubtsov & Platonova, 1974 with description of T. litoralis sp. n. (Nematoda: Benthimermithidae) from the tidal zone of the Kuril Archipelago and proposal of Benthimermis Petter, 1980 as a junior synonym

Nematology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry M. Miljutin
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Tidal Zone ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
The Family ◽  
Tail Shape ◽  
Emended Description

Abstract The type species of Trophomera, T. iturupiensis, is redescribed from type material and important errors in the original description corrected. As a result of this emended description, Benthimermis is proposed as a junior synonym of Trophomera and its species transferred accordingly. The family name Benthimermithidae is retained according to articles 23.1 and 40.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Trophomera is diagnosed and an annotated list of nominal species presented. Trophomera litoralis sp. n., collected from the tidal zone of Ushishir Island (Kuril Archipelago), is described on the basis of four males. The males of T. litoralis sp. n. differ from those of other Trophomera species primarily by the much higher number of precloacal supplementary organs (105-108 vs 2-68). Trophomera litoralis sp. n. is most similar to T. regalis comb. n. yet differs by shorter body length (5.8-9.3 vs 14.9 mm), body proportions (a = 67-107 vs 124.4; c = 61-97 vs 135.7), greater length of the intermediate spermatoduct between the anterior and posterior testes (ca 1/7th vs ca 1/140th of body length), tail shape (rounded conoid vs pointed conoid), and number of precloacal supplementary organs (105-108 vs 49).

Checklist of the cestode parasites of wild birds of Argentina

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.B. Drago ◽  
M. Dueñas Díaz ◽  
R. Draghi ◽  
V. Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
The Family ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Annotated Checklist

Abstract An annotated checklist of the cestode parasites of Argentinean wild birds is presented, as the result of a compilation of parasitological papers published between 1900 and April 2021. This review provides data on hosts, geographical distribution, sites of infection, location of material deposited in helminthological collections, references and taxonomic comments. A host/parasite list is also provided. During this period, 38 papers were published that gather information about 34 cestode nominal species and 11 taxa identified at generic level, belonging to three orders, ten families and 35 genera. The highest number of cestode taxa was recorded in the family Hymenolepididae, with 12 nominal species and two taxa identified at generic level, followed by Dilepididae, with eight nominal species and three taxa identified at generic level. Of the 1042 species of birds reported in Argentina, only 29 (2.8%) were reported as hosts of adult cestodes. The families of birds with the highest number of reported taxa were Laridae and Anatidae, with 20 and 14 taxa, respectively.

Philometra barbata n. sp. (Nematoda: Philometridae) from the red mullet Mullus barbatus (Perciformes, Mullidae) off Tunisia

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 766-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nessrine Ghanmi ◽  
David González-Solís ◽  
Lamia Gargouri
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
Red Mullet ◽  
Mullus Barbatus ◽  
The Family

Abstract Helminthological examinations of the red mullet Mullus barbatus (Linnaeus) (Mullidae) from the Gulf of Hammamet, off Tunisia, revealed the presence of one undescribed gonad-infecting nematode species, Philometra barbata n. sp. (Philometridae). The new species as other congeneric species is mainly characterized by the shape of the caudal mound, the distribution of the caudal papillae and the shape of the gubernaculum with the presence of a dorsal protuberance consisting of two dorsolateral lamellar parts separated from each other by a smooth median field in the male. The new species differs from its gonadinfecting congeners in the body length of male, the length of spicules and gubernaculum. This is the second nominal species of Philometra reported from fishes of the family Mullidae and the 14th from the Mediterranean Sea.

Chalcidoidea of Iran (Insecta: Hymenoptera)

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Differential Characters ◽  
Biological Attributes

Abstract Within Hymenoptera, the superfamily Chalcidoidea (chalcidoid wasps) is the second largest superfamily after Ichneumonoidea. Because of the preponderance of parasitoid species, Chalcidoidea is one of the most important groups in applied biological control. This book provides a comprehensive, accurate checklists for the chalcidoid fauna of Iran. The species listed in each family chapter include all the species recorded in the literature from Iran through 2019, with one exception as noted in Chapter 10 (Eurytomidae). Each family chapter includes differential characters to distinguish the family, hypothesized phylogenetic relationships with other families, and general biological attributes of the family. Previous cataloguing efforts of the Iranian fauna for the family are summarized, as well as the information included in the checklist of species for the family. This summary information includes the number of species recorded from Iran, any newly recorded species, a comparison of the Iranian fauna with those of adjacent countries, and major host attributes of the family in Iran. Also included for each species record are host records and plant associates in Iran, when known, and additional comments as necessary. The final chapter tabulates the species diversity of Iranian Chalcidoidea by family, the species newly exclude from Iran, the species presently considered as endemic to Iran and the number of species of each family that are known from each of the 31 provinces that comprise Iran. Because of the importance of chalcidoids for biological control of pests in Iran, host information for parasitoid species that is provided throughout the chapters is synthesized in an Appendix at the end of the book.

Family Ormyridae Förster, 1856.

2021 ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
Marina D. Zerova ◽  
José Luis Nieves-Aldrey ◽  
Hassan Ghahari ◽  
Gary A. P. Gibson ◽  
Victor N. Fursov
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Palaearctic Region ◽  
The Family ◽  
World Distribution

Abstract This chapter provides a checklist for the family Ormyridae. It provides information on species diversity, host records, distribution records by province in Iran, as well as world distribution. Comparison of the ormyrid fauna of Iran with adjacent countries indicates that the fauna of Iran (13 species) is similar in diversity to Turkey (12 species) and Russia (11 species), but more diverse than Kazakhstan (six species), Turkmenistan and United Arab Emirates (both with five species), Azerbaijan (three species), Afghanistan (two species) and Armenia, Iraq, Oman, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia (each with one species); no species have been recorded from Bahrain, Kuwait or Qatar. Russia and Turkey both share eight known species with Iran, followed by Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan (each with three species) and Afghanistan, Armenia, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates (each with one species). A total of 44 species of Ormyridae from the Palaearctic region were recorded.

A taxonomic review of the fish parasitic isopod family Cymothoidae Leach, 1818 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cymothooidea) of India

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4622 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. RAVICHANDRAN ◽  
P. VIGNESHWARAN ◽  
G. RAMESHKUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Marine Fishes ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Host Preferences ◽  
As Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Species Inquirenda ◽  
Parasitic Isopod

The parasitic isopod family Cymothoidae Leach, 1818 of the India exclusive economic zone is reviewed. A total of 56 nominal species corresponding to 48 valid species belonging to sixteen genera are reviewed from 73 host species belonging to 35 families. Mothocya plagulophora (Haller, 1880), Nerocila depressa Milne Edwards, 1840, Nerocila loveni Bovallius, 1887, Nerocila trichiura (Miers, 1877), Norileca triangulata (Richardson, 1910) and Ryukyua globosa Williams & Bunkley-Williams, 1994 are redescribed. Indusa pustulosa Pillai, 1954 is synonymised with Agarna malayi Tiwari, 1952; Cymothoa krishnai Jayadev Babu & Sanjeeva Raj, 1984 is synonymised with Cymothoa eremita (Brünnich, 1783) and Nerocila priacanthusi Kumari, Rao & Shyamasundari, 1987 is synonymised with Nerocila arres Bowman & Tareen, 1983. Ourozeuktes bopyroides (Lesueur, 1814) is revised and excluded from the Indian fauna. The Indian cymothoid species Agarna bengalensis Kumari, Rao & Shaymasundari, 1990, Cymothoa asymmetrica Pillai, 1954 and Nerocila hemirhamphusi Shyamasundari, Rao & Kumari, 1990 are regarded here as species inquirenda. A key to the Indian genera of the family Cymothoidae and keys to the Indian species of the genera Cymothoa, Joryma, Mothocya, and Nerocila are presented. A checklist of the valid Cymothoidae species until now reported from Indian marine fishes are compiled. Host preferences, morphological variability and distribution are discussed. 

High cryptic diversity in the kleptoparasitic genus Hyalorisia Dall, 1889 (Littorinimorpha: Capulidae) with the description of nine new species from the Indo-West Pacific

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Fassio ◽  
Valeria Russini ◽  
Barbara Buge ◽  
Stefano Schiaparelli ◽  
Maria Vittoria Modica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
Allopatric Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family

ABSTRACT Species in the family Capulidae (Littorinimorpha: Capuloidea) display a wide range of shell morphologies. Several species are known to live in association with other benthic invertebrates—mostly bivalves and sabellid worms, but also other gastropods—and are believed to be kleptoparasitic filter feeders that take advantage of the water current produced by the host. This peculiar trophic ecology, implying a sedentary lifestyle, has resulted in highly convergent shell forms. This is particularly true for the genus Hyalorisia Dall, 1889, which occurs in deep water in the Caribbean and Indo-West Pacific provinces, with two nominal species recognized so far. Combining morphological, ecological and molecular data, we assessed the diversity of the genus, its phylogenetic position inside the family and its association with its bivalve host, the genus Propeamussium de Gregorio, 1884 (Pectinoidea), resulting in the description of nine new cryptic species. When sympatric, species of Hyalorisia are associated with different host species, but the same species of Propeamussium may be the host of several allopatric species of Hyalorisia.

Validity of Psammoperca datnioides Richardson 1848 and redescriptions of P. waigiensis Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1828 and Hypopterus macropterus (Günther 1859) in the family Latidae (Perciformes) from the Indo-West Pacific

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4402 (3) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUKIO IWATSUKI ◽  
STEPHEN J. NEWMAN ◽  
FUMIYA TANAKA ◽  
BARRY C. RUSSELL
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
The Family ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Dark Colour ◽  
Psammoperca Waigiensis

Psammoperca datnioides Richardson 1848, long considered a synonym of P. waigiensis (Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1828), is redescribed as a valid species of Psammoperca Richardson 1848. The species is likely to be endemic to Australia, where it was formerly considered to be P. waigiensis, but differs from P. waigiensis in having the following characters: more slender body (mean depth 28.9% of SL vs. mean depth 36.7% of SL in P.  waigiensis), pored lateral-line scales 49–54 (vs. 46–48 in P. waigiensis), scale rows above and below lateral line 6½ / 10½–11½ (vs 4½ / 9½–10½ in P. waigiensis), and vertical at hind margin of maxilla posterior/behind center of eye (vs. vertical at hind margin of maxilla anterior to/in front of hind margin of eye in P. waigiensis). Live specimens of Psammoperca datnioides have a uniformly dense black or brownish body, with this dark colour on body scales and pored lateral-line scales persisting even in preserved specimens. Live specimens of Psammoperca waigiensis have a brownish body, often golden in colour, and pored lateral-line scales that are yellow-edged. The COI sequence (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 612 bp) of P. datnioides also is distinct from P. waigiensis, and the related and poorly known Hypopterus macropterus (Günther 1859). The latter species is redescribed and diagnosed with eight indistinct dark bands on the head and body, and dorsal-fin rays VII-I, 14–15 (vs. no dark bands and dorsal-fin rays VII-I, 12–13 in Psammoperca). Nominal species in the genus Psammoperca are discussed and Cnidon chinensis Müller & Troschel 1849 (type locality: Manila, Philippines) is included as a junior synonym of P. waigiensis. Psammoperca vaigiensis Boulenger 1895 is an unneeded emendation and thus an invalid name. Psammoperca macroptera Günther 1859 is retained in the monotypic genus Hypopterus Gill 1861 in the family Latidae, although the species has been overlooked in most studies on the Latidae and/or Centropomidae. A key to the Latidae is provided. 

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