Effect of gap detection threshold and localisation acuity on spatial release from masking in older adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nirmal Kumar Srinivasan ◽  
Alexis Staudenmeier ◽  
Kelli Clark
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Gap Detection ◽  
Spatial Release ◽  
Release From Masking

Masking release for gap detection

1992 ◽  
Vol 336 (1278) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Random Noise ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Frequency Noise ◽  
Gap Detection ◽  
Noise Masking ◽  
Level Difference ◽  
Masking Release ◽  
Masking Level Difference ◽  
Release From Masking

In random noise, masking is influenced almost entirely by noise components in a narrow band around the signal frequency. However, when the noise is not random, but has a modulation pattern which is coherent across frequency, noise components relatively remote from the signal frequency can actually produce a release from masking. This masking release has been called comodulation masking release (CMR). The present research investigated whether a similar release from masking occurs in the analysis of a suprathreshold signal. Specifically, the ability to detect the presence of a temporal gap was investigated in conditions which do and do not result in CMR for detection threshold. Similar conditions were investigated for the masking level difference (a binaural masking release phenomenon). The results indicated that suprathreshold masking release for gap detection occurred for both the masking-level difference (MLD) and for CMR. However, masking release for gap detection was generally smaller than that obtained for detection threshold. The largest gap detection masking release effects obtained corresponded to relatively low levels of stimulation, where gap detection was relatively poor.

scholarly journals Effects of age and hearing loss on perceptual and physiological measures of temporal envelope processing and spatial release from speech-on-speech masking

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chhayakanta Patro ◽  
Heather A. Kreft ◽  
Magdalena Wojtczak
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Amplitude Modulation ◽  
Gap Detection ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Temporal Envelope ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Spatial Release ◽  
Envelope Processing ◽  
Release From Masking

AbstractOlder adults often experience difficulties understanding speech in adverse listening conditions. These difficulties are partially attributed to auditory temporal-processing deficits associated with aging even in the absence of hearing loss. The aim of this study was to assess effects of age and hearing loss on temporal envelope processing and speech-on-speech masking. Listeners with normal and near-normal hearing across a wide age range (20 to 66 years) were tested using a series of psychophysical (amplitude-modulation detection, gap detection, and interaural-envelope-phase discrimination), physiological (electroencephalographic envelope-following responses), speech perception (spatial release from masking), and cognitive (processing speed) measures. Results showed that: (i) psychophysical measures of monaural and binaural envelope processing and neural measures of envelope processing are not affected by aging after accounting for audiometric hearing loss, (ii) behavioral gap-detection thresholds decline with age, (iii) aging results in a reduction of spatial release from masking, even as speech intensity is amplified in the region of hearing loss, (iv) aging is associated with poorer measures of cognitive function. Although age significantly contributed to a decline in spatial release from speech-on-speech masking, individual differences in envelope processing and in scores from nonauditory cognitive tests used in this study were not significant predictors of speech performance.HighlightsAge per se does not affect psychophysical and physiological measures of monaural amplitude-modulation processing.Age does not affect the ability to detect interaural disparities in envelope timing between the ears.Gap detection thresholds degrades with age even after hearing thresholds are statistically accounted for.Age, independent of hearing thresholds, can substantially reduce spatial release from masking.Cognitive ability declines with age. However, such declines do not necessarily cause deficits in spatial release from masking.

Electrophysiological Gap Detection Thresholds: Effects of Age and Comparison with a Behavioral Measure

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 999-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon B. Palmer ◽  
Frank E. Musiek
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Temporal Processing ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Behavioral Measure ◽  
Gap Detection ◽  
Adult Group ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Processing Ability

Background: Temporal processing ability has been linked to speech understanding ability and older adults often complain of difficulty understanding speech in difficult listening situations. Temporal processing can be evaluated using gap detection procedures. There is some research showing that gap detection can be evaluated using an electrophysiological procedure. However, there is currently no research establishing gap detection threshold using the N1-P2 response. Purpose: The purposes of the current study were to 1) determine gap detection thresholds in younger and older normal-hearing adults using an electrophysiological measure, 2) compare the electrophysiological gap detection threshold and behavioral gap detection threshold within each group, and 3) investigate the effect of age on each gap detection measure. Design: This study utilized an older adult group and younger adult group to compare performance on an electrophysiological and behavioral gap detection procedure. Study Sample: The subjects in this study were 11 younger, normal-hearing adults (mean = 22 yrs) and 11 older, normal-hearing adults (mean = 64.36 yrs). Data Collection: All subjects completed an adaptive behavioral gap detection procedure in order to determine their behavioral gap detection threshold (BGDT). Subjects also completed an electrophysiologic gap detection procedure to determine their electrophysiologic gap detection threshold (EGDT). Results: Older adults demonstrated significantly larger gap detection thresholds than the younger adults. However, EGDT and BGDT were not significantly different in either group. The mean difference between EGDT and BGDT for all subjects was 0.43 msec. Conclusions: Older adults show poorer gap detection ability when compared to younger adults. However, this study shows that gap detection thresholds can be measured using evoked potential recordings and yield results similar to a behavioral measure.

The Brief Odor Detection Test (B-ODT) for Very Early Diagnosis of Cognitive Decline: A Preliminary Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-210
Author(s):  
Dimitra Savvoulidou ◽  
Efthymia Totikidou ◽  
Chariklia Varvesiotou ◽  
Magda Iakovidou ◽  
Ourania Sfakianaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Odor Detection ◽  
Olfactory Impairment ◽  
Older Adult Population ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Olfactory impairment in older adults is associated with cognitive decline. This study describes the development of a Brief Odor Detection Test (B-ODT), and its pilot administration in community-dwelling older adults. The study aimed at examining whether the test could differentiate older adults with very mild cognitive impairment from their cognitively healthy counterparts. The sample consisted of 34 older adults (22 women), aged from 65 to 87 years. Participants were divided into two groups according to their general cognitive functioning. Odor detection was measured via vanillin solutions at the following concentrations: 150 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 15 mg/L, 3 mg/L, and .03 mg/L. The first condition of the test involved a scale administration of vanillin solutions. The second condition examined the change in air odour and it required vanillin solution of 30 mg/L and a metric ruler of 30 cm. The examiner had to place the solution at a specific distance point from each nostril. Odour identification sensitivity was secondarily measured. The results showed statistically significant differences in odour detection threshold between the two groups. In the unirhinal testing, left nostril differences of the two groups were definite. Hence, the B-ODT seems a promising instrument for very early cognitive impairment screening in older adult population.

A new rapid detection threshold method for use with older adults: Reducing fatigue whilst maintaining accuracy

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 104-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria J. Allen ◽  
Caroline A. Withers ◽  
Guillermo Hough ◽  
Margot A. Gosney ◽  
Lisa Methven
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Threshold Method

scholarly journals Factors Underlying Individual Differences in Speech-Recognition Threshold (SRT) in Noise Among Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry E. Humes
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Recognition Threshold ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Many older adults have difficulty understanding speech in noisy backgrounds. In this study, we examined peripheral auditory, higher-level auditory, and cognitive factors that may contribute to such difficulties. A convenience sample of 137 volunteer older adults, 90 women, and 47 men, ranging in age from 47 to 94 years (M = 69.2 and SD = 10.1 years) completed a large battery of tests. Auditory tests included measures of pure-tone threshold, clinical and psychophysical, as well as two measures of gap-detection threshold and four measures of temporal-order identification. The latter included two monaural and two dichotic listening conditions. In addition, cognition was assessed using the complete Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-3rd Edition (WAIS-III). Two monaural measures of speech-recognition threshold (SRT) in noise, the QuickSIN, and the WIN, were obtained from each ear at relatively high presentation levels of 93 or 103 dB SPL to minimize audibility concerns. Group data, both aggregate and by age decade, were evaluated initially to allow comparison to data in the literature. Next, following the application of principal-components factor analysis for data reduction, individual differences in speech-recognition-in-noise performance were examined using multiple-linear-regression analyses. Excellent fits were obtained, accounting for 60–77% of the total variance, with most accounted for by the audibility of the speech and noise stimuli and the severity of hearing loss with the balance primarily associated with cognitive function.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document