A comparative study of the effects of inhaled cadmium chloride and cadmium oxide: Pulmonary response

The toxicity of inhaled aerosols of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and cadmium oxide (CdO) on hepatic biochemical function was compared. Male rats were exposed for 2 hours to concentrations of 0.45 and 4.5 mg Cd/m3. Serum and liver enzymes and histological changes were studied immediately and 72 hours after exposure. Exposure to 4.5 mg/m3 CdCl2 and CdO resulted in an increase in liver Cd content. This deposition was not observed at the lower concentrations. Following exposure to 4.5 mg/m3 CdCl2, decreases in body and liver weight, as well as decreased activities of glutathione (GSH)-reductase, GSH-peroxidase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) were observed. Increases in serum bilirubin and activities of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase were evident 72 hours after exposure. Exposure to 4.5 mg/m3 CdO caused decreased activities of GSH-reductase and peroxidase, G-6-PDH, and an increased activity of serum alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. Exposure to 0.45 mg/m3 CdCl2, produced more hepatic effects than did a similar exposure to CdO. This differential response between inhalation of CdCl2 and CdO was probably due to a rapid clearance of CdCl2 or Cd2+ ions from the lung and transport to the liver via the systemic blood circulation.

Download Full-text

Extraction of cadmium chloride by 18-crown-6 ether into various diluents: A comparative study with bromide and picrate extraction systems

Journal of Molecular Liquids ◽

10.1016/j.molliq.2017.11.098 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 249 ◽

pp. 904-911 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yoshihiro Kudo ◽

Shuntaro Tomokata

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Cadmium Chloride ◽

Picrate Extraction

Download Full-text

A comparative study between nano-cadmium oxide and lead oxide reinforced in high density polyethylene as gamma rays shielding composites

Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection ◽

10.2298/ntrp2001042a ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 42-49

Author(s):

Gharam Alharshan ◽

Dalal Aloraini ◽

Mohamed Elzaher ◽

Mohamed Badawi ◽

Mahmoud Alabsy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Energy Region ◽

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Lead Oxide ◽

Cadmium Oxide ◽

Weight Fraction ◽

Radiation Shielding ◽

High Density ◽

Attenuation Coefficients ◽

Oxide Composite

In this work, polymer composites of high density polyethylene reinforced by micro-sized and nanosized cadmium oxide, lead oxide, and a mixture of both with filler weight fraction of 30% were prepared by compression molding technique and characterized by scanning electron microscope. This investigation aims to present a comparative study between cadmium oxide and lead oxide according to their sizes as fillers in high density polyethylene polymeric matrix for gamma-radiation shielding applications. The mass and linear attenuation coefficients of the investigated composites were measured as a function of g-ray energies ranging from 59.53 keV to 1408.01 keV using standard radioactive point sources (241Am, 133Ba, 137Cs, 60Co, and 152Eu). The measurements were made with a narrow beam geometry setup using a well calibrated hyper pure germanium cylindrical detector. The theoretical values of the mass attenuation coefficients were evaluated using the XCOM program database. The experimental results demonstrated that, according to the filler size, cadmium oxide composite is better as a gamma absorber in the energy region less than 81 keV, while lead oxide composite is better in the energy region greater than 81 keV. Moreover, for the same chemical structure and weight fraction of the composite, nano fillers show better attenuation performance than micro fillers in high density polyethylene based radiation shielding material.

Download Full-text

A Comparative Study on Simultaneous Determination and Separation of Adsorbed Cadmium Oxide (CdO) Nanoparticles on DNA/RNA of Human Cancer Cells Using Biospectroscopic Techniques and Dielectrophoresis (DEP) Method

Archives in Cancer Research ◽

10.21767/2254-6081.100086 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A Heidari

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Simultaneous Determination ◽

Human Cancer ◽

Cadmium Oxide ◽

Human Cancer Cells ◽

Cdo Nanoparticles

Download Full-text

Synthesis of CdS Nanocrystallites in Polymer Matrix: Sui-Generis Approach

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.119.21 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 119 ◽

pp. 21-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K.G. Kanade ◽

Ranjit R. Hawaldar ◽

Uttam Mulik ◽

B.B. Kale ◽

Dinesh Amalnerkar

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Polymer Matrix ◽

Solid State Reaction ◽

Cadmium Chloride ◽

Cadmium Oxide ◽

Cadmium Acetate ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Cadmium Nitrate ◽

Cadmium Iodide ◽

Molar Ratios

We offer sui-generis strategy for synthesis of nanosized chalcogenide semiconductors in polymer matrix by a novel polymer-inorganic solid-state reaction. In our previous report, the rationale of this strategy has been successfully established by the solid-state reaction between CdI2 and an intentionally chosen engineering thermoplastic, namely, polyphenylene sulphide (PPS). In the pursuit of this work, we explored the possibility of using other cadmium salts viz cadmium nitrate, cadmium chloride and cadmium acetate in place of cadmium iodide for the envisaged solidstate reaction with PPS. All the reactions were carried out at the melting temperature of PPS (285oC) in 1:1 and 10:1 molar ratios of polymer to cadmium salt. The resultant products were characterised by XRD, TEM-SAED and DRS. It is observed that only cadmium nitrate yielded CdS nanocrystallites (average size of 15nm) entrapped in modified polymer matrix in a competing behaviour with cadmium iodide when reacted in 10:1 molar ratio while (i) cadmium acetate leads to the formation of only cadmium oxide and (ii) cadmium chloride exhibits grossly incomplete solid state reaction yielding understated quantity of CdS when reacted with PPS.

Download Full-text

A comparative study on growth, structural, optical, thermal and mechanical properties of undoped and dye doped bis glycine cadmium chloride single crystals

Journal of Crystal Growth ◽

10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.03.028 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 324 (1) ◽

pp. 184-189 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

B. Raju ◽

A. Saritha ◽

G. Bhagavannarayana ◽

K.A Hussain

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Single Crystals ◽

Cadmium Chloride ◽

Thermal And Mechanical Properties

Download Full-text

A comparative study of Williamson-Hall method and size-strain method through X-ray diffraction pattern of cadmium oxide nanoparticle

10.1063/5.0033762 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Suhir Abd-Alaziz Jabir ◽

Khalid Hellal Harbbi

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Diffraction Pattern ◽

Cadmium Oxide ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Oxide Nanoparticle ◽

Hall Method ◽

Strain Method

Download Full-text

Erratum

Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection ◽

10.2298/ntrp2004386e ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 386-386

Author(s):

E Editorial

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Radiation Protection ◽

Gamma Rays ◽

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Lead Oxide ◽

Cadmium Oxide ◽

High Density ◽

Nuclear Technology ◽

Shielding Composites

In the article A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN NANO-CADMIUM OXIDE AND LEAD OXIDE REINFORCED IN HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE AS GAMMA RAYS SHIELDING COMPOSITES by Gharam A. ALHARSHAN, Dalal A. ALORAINI, Mohamed Abd ELZAHER, Mohamed S. BADAWI, Mahmoud T. ALABSY, Mahmoud I. ABBAS, and Ahmed M. EL-KHATIB published in the journal Nuclear Technology & Radiation Protection, 35 (2020), 1, pp. 42-49, the authors omitted the acknowledgement.

Download Full-text