Statistical evaluation and comparison of the chemical quality of bottled water and flemish tap water

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn W.H. Van Hulle ◽  
M. Cristina Ciocci
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Chemical Quality

Statistical evaluation and comparison of the chemical quality of bottled water and Flemish tap water

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 183-193
Author(s):  
Stijn W.H. Van Hulle ◽  
◽  
M. Cristina Ciocci
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Chemical Quality

Water Quality, Household Perceptions and Averting Behavior: Evidence from Nicaragua

2015 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550011 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Vásquez ◽  
Pallab Mozumder ◽  
Dina Franceschi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Quality Perceptions ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Instrumental Variable Probit ◽  
Water Treatments

We investigate household perceptions of water quality and associated averting behaviors using household survey data from León, Nicaragua. Seemingly unrelated instrumental variable probit models are estimated to take the potential endogeneity of water quality perceptions and the relationship between different averting behaviors into account. Survey results indicate that a large majority of households use tap water for drinking purposes. Less than 26% of sampled households implement in-home water treatments and about 33% of households consume bottled water. Results indicate that observed averting behaviors (i.e., consumption of bottled water and in-home water treatments), or lack thereof, are primarily driven by the perceived quality of tap water. Findings also indicate that perceptions of water quality are associated with service performance and assessment of water quality relative to peers. Policy implications are discussed.

Chemical quality of tap water in Madrid: multicase control cancer study in Spain (MCC-Spain)

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 4755-4764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Fernández-Navarro ◽  
Cristina M. Villanueva ◽  
Javier García-Pérez ◽  
Elena Boldo ◽  
Fernando Goñi-Irigoyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Chemical Quality ◽  
Cancer Study

scholarly journals The health-related microbiological quality of bottled drinking water sold in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel R. Kassenga
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria

The consumption of bottled and plastic-bagged drinking water in Tanzania has increased largely because of the deteriorating quality of tap water. It is uncertain whether these water products are safe for drinking. In this study, the microbiological quality of bottled and plastic-bagged drinking water sold in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, was investigated. One hundred and thirty samples representing 13 brands of bottled water collected from shops, supermarkets and street vendors were analysed for total coliform and faecal coliform organisms as well as heterotrophic bacteria. These were compared with 61 samples of tap water. Heterotrophic bacteria were detected in 92% of the bottled water samples analysed. Total and faecal coliform bacteria were present in 4.6% and 3.6%, respectively, of samples analysed with a tendency for higher contamination rates in plastic-bagged drinking water. Microbiological quality of tap water was found to be worse compared with bottled water, with 49.2% and 26.2% of sampling points showing the presence of total coliform and faecal coliform organisms, respectively. The results suggest caution and vigilance to avert outbreaks of waterborne diseases from these types of drinking water.

scholarly journals Comparative Quality Analysis between Tap Water and Bottled Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Hanaa A. Muhammad ◽  
Khalid N. Sediq ◽  
Kwestan H. Sdiq
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Aluminum Content ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Permissible Range

Recently, bottled water consumption has been increasing significantly, even when the quality of tap water is considered excellent, which contributes to plastic pollution. Besides, reducing the use of plastic generally is recommended world widely, as its consumption is in an alarming rate. Therefore, this study aims to compare the tap and bottled water and manifest the reasons behind choosing the bottled water, which is less comfortable and often more expensive over the tap water. In this study, samples have been taken from both bottled and tap water in Koya city from November 2020 to May 2021 to test their quality using PH, DO, EC, and TDS meter, hardness was determined by complexometric titration method at 21°C, and XRF spectrometers. According to the quality standards, most of the variables were in a permissible range, except for dissolved oxygen and Aluminum content in both types of water and TDS for two types of bottled water. However, the quality of tap water was much safer to be used, as compared with the bottled water. 

scholarly journals Chemical Quality of the Leading Bottled Water Brands Distributed in Gorgan, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Mahdi Sadeghi ◽  
Mojtaba Raeisi ◽  
Mina Ghahrechi ◽  
Narges Rezaie ◽  
Bagher Pahlevanzadehe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottled Water ◽  
Chemical Quality

scholarly journals The Cost and Quality of Bottled Water in Refilling Stations and Tap Water in Cabanatuan City: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Veronica A. Presentacion ◽  
Ma. Victoria P. San Gabriel ◽  
Merry Grace M. Nuñez ◽  
Geraldine A. Rimocal ◽  
Harold M. Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals Determining consumption preferences of consumers considering quality attributes of drinking water

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-165
Author(s):  
Emine Aşkan ◽  
Yavuz Topcu ◽  
Ayça Nur Şahin
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Quality ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Region I ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Region Ii

The aim of the study was to determine the main factors affecting the consumption preferences of consumers by considering the quality characteristics of drinking water according to the regions where they reside. For this pur-pose, the data obtained from 400 consumers living in the central districts of Iğdır province were used for Factor Analysis and Two-Step Clustering Analysis. Research results reported that physiological needs of the consumers residing in region I were based on the physiological and physical quality of the water in their drinking water consumption preference, consumers in region II relied on the chemical quality of the tap water, and consumers in region III focused on the cost advantages of tap water depending on the chemical quality of tap water. Therefore, supplying differentiated bottled drinking water in hygienic conditions according to physical and physiological quality standards of drinking water for consumers in region I, ensuring the protection and access of local water resources suitable for chemical quality characteristics to consumers in region II, and maintaining the reliability of local water resources with good chemical quality and low cost of supply and sustainability of their use for consumers in region III can have positive effects on consumption satisfaction.

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