scholarly journals Does income inequality increase the shadow economy? Empirical evidence from Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Stephen Esaku
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Shadow Economy

Economic Dependence and Marginalization: Some Empirical Evidence

1973 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Tyler ◽  
J. Peter Wogart
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Careful Attention ◽  
Economic Dependence ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Capitalist World ◽  
Developed World

One of the more recent and interesting contributions in the field of development has been the theory of dependence. This theory seeks to explain the most pressing problems of the less-developed world in terms of the relations between the developing and developed areas. Stagnation, unemployment, income inequality, and regional disequilibria are all seen as directly related to a less-developed country's position vis-à-vis the developed and capitalist world. Unfortunately, the theory of dependence has become something of a cause célèbre. It is either eagerly accepted or scornfully rejected as a matter of faith—primarily because of its political implications and overtones. Those who accept it embrace it willfully and rally to defend it against any possible detractors. Those who reject it generally choose to ignore it as either not serious or unworthy of careful attention and consideration.

scholarly journals Fair and Inclusive Markets

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (29) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Aghion ◽  
Reda Cherif ◽  
Fuad Hasanov
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Growth Opportunities ◽  
Market Structures ◽  
Sustained Growth ◽  
Market Income ◽  
High Level ◽  
Export Industries

We show empirical evidence that there may not be a tradeoff between market income inequality and high sustained growth, which is key for poverty alleviation. We argue that the economies that achieved high sustained growth and low market income inequality are characterized by dynamism—a drive toward sophisticated export industries, innovation, and creative destruction and a high level of competition. What a country produces and how much it competes domestically and internationally are important for achieving fair and inclusive markets. We explore policy options to steer industrial and market structures toward providing growth opportunities for both workers and firms.

scholarly journals Shadow Economy in Tourism: Some Conceptual Considerations from Croatia

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Kesar ◽  
Katarina Čuić
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Methodological Approaches

Abstract Although the importance of tourism for the Croatian economy is widely recognized and well documented, the issues related to the existence of shadow economy in tourism are not yet fully investigated and resolved. In spite of many attempts to estimate the size and impacts of shadow economy in tourism, there is still much controversy regarding the scope of the research area and the appropriateness of methodological approaches used to quantify this complex phenomenon. The present study aimed to (1) summarize the existing body of empirical evidence related to the shadow economy in tourism, with special reference to the case of Croatia, and to (2) shed some more light on additional aspects and variables which have been found to be important determinants for better understanding of the nature of the shadow economy in tourism. In order to reduce the adverse impacts of the shadow economy in tourism, some policy recommendations are suggested.

On the Squeezing of the Middle Class: Overview and Prospects for the EU-15

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-342
Author(s):  
Olga Salido ◽  
Julio Carabaña
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Member States ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Income Share ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Eu

This article was inspired by Atkinson and Brandolini’s work on the economic middle classes and deals with the evolution of the income share of the middle class compared with that of the extreme classes in the EU-15 (the EU’s first 15 member states) over the last two decades. Our research draws on the paradox of the EU officially assuming dominant ideas about rising inequalities and the squeezing of middle-class income produced by globalization and technological change while at the same time producing and disseminating empirical evidence contrary to this view. We first synthesize this evidence, also contributing some additional analyses of Eurostat data, confirming that the income share of the middle class has not changed in the past two decades, as could be expected from the invariance in income inequality. We finally put forward some considerations about the theoretical implications of these empirical results and the interaction between ideas and empirical evidence in political societies and organizations.

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