On live load impact factors for railroad bridges

The current American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association (AREMA) Manual provides live load impact formulas for the design of steel railroad bridges. The only variable in those formulas is span length and do not include other parameters that bridge engineers know affects live load impact factor. Years of use in practice and research have shown that these formulas are reliable, safe and simple to apply, though often very conservative. In order to make the nation’s transportation more efficient and energy efficient, a significant effort is underway in the U.S. to enhance its railroad infrastructures. Bridges built before the 1950s, many of which are still in service, were designed to sustain the effects of steam engine hammer blow, and consequently slow speed. Yet, most of these bridges may not be replaced and may be required to carry high speed passenger equipment. This raises the question of what effects higher speed trains will have on old, long span truss steel bridges. This paper presents finding from the detail literature review on the current live load impact factor on truss railroad bridges and its implication to the future.

Download Full-text

A study on analysis of the environmental load impact factors in the planning stage for highway project

KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering ◽

10.1007/s12205-015-0526-6 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 2162-2169 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jin-Young Park ◽

Dong-Eun Lee ◽

Byung-Soo Kim

Keyword(s):

Impact Factors ◽

Environmental Load ◽

Planning Stage ◽

Load Impact ◽

Highway Project

Download Full-text

Study on Load Analysis of Frame for Pavement Cold Recycling Machine

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.4318 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 756-759 ◽

pp. 4318-4321

Author(s):

Jing Liu

Keyword(s):

Cutting Force ◽

Reaction Force ◽

Rolling Resistance ◽

Rear Wheel ◽

Impact Factors ◽

Force Component ◽

Load Analysis ◽

Cold Recycling ◽

Load Impact

To analyze he load of the frame for pavement cold recycling machine. Firstly, the general conditions of the cold recycling machine was analyzed, the load impact factors and classification of cold recycling machine were expounded. Secondly, the load analysis was carried out by simulate the suffer force of machine and frame. Finally ,the reaction force of The front and rear Wheel are 103164N and 165471N, and the rolling resistance of the front and rear wheel are 2063N and 3309N, Horizontal direction force component of cutting force is 28800N,and perpendicular direction force component of cutting force is 23635N

Download Full-text

Application of Low-Cost Sensors for Estimation of Reference-Free Displacements Under Dynamic Loading for Railroad Bridges Safety

Volume 1: Multifunctional Materials; Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Integrated System Design and Implementation; Structural Health Monitoring ◽

10.1115/smasis2016-9294 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jose A. Gomez ◽

Ali I. Ozdagli ◽

Fernando Moreu

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Monitoring Systems ◽

Live Load ◽

Railroad Bridges ◽

Sensing System ◽

Test Platform ◽

Different Types ◽

Load Monitoring ◽

Arduino Microcontroller ◽

Bridge Vibrations

The concept of SHM is that a sensing system on the structure monitors the system responses and notifies the owner about the condition of the structure. The aim of this paper is to propose an inexpensive SHM method employing low-cost sensors to monitor the railroad bridges. Traditional monitoring systems can have limitations regarding the deployment of wired sensors due to their high cost. In this paper, the utilization of low-cost sensors for live load monitoring of railroad bridges is explored. In this study an Arduino microcontroller along with an inexpensive accelerometer manufactured by Analog Devices were used as test platform. In order to determine the ability of the low-cost accelerometer to assess the condition of a vibrating structure, the sensor system was attached to an actuator simulating bridge vibrations and different types of frequencies and amplitudes were tested. The values obtained with the Arduino microcontroller are very similar to the commercial accelerometer while being 60 times cheaper, which shows the potential of investing on low-cost instrumentation for inexpensive monitoring of railroad bridges. The findings of this research indicate that low-cost sensors can be effectively utilized for structural health monitoring of railroad bridges.

Download Full-text

The Impact of Anglicizing Former German-Language Psychology Journals on Authorship and Citation Frequencies

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040/a000074 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 190-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Günter Krampen ◽

Thomas Huckert ◽

Gabriel Schui

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

English Language ◽

General Trend ◽

Native Language ◽

Impact Factors ◽

German Language ◽

Journal Articles ◽

Number Of Citations ◽

The Impact ◽

Number Of Authors

Exemplary for other than English-language psychology journals, the impact of recent Anglicization of five former German-language psychology journals on (1) authorship (nationality, i.e., native language, and number of authors, i.e., single or multiple authorships), (2) formal characteristics of the journal (number of articles per volume and length of articles), and (3) number of citations of the articles in other journal articles, the language of the citing publications, and the impact factors (IF) is analyzed. Scientometric data on these variables are gathered for all articles published in the four years before anglicizing and in the four years after anglicizing the same journal. Results reveal rather quick changes: Citations per year since original articles’ publication increase significantly, and the IF of the journals go up markedly. Frequencies of citing in German-language journals decrease, citing in English-language journals increase significantly after the Anglicization of former German-language psychology journals, and there is a general trend of increasing citations in other languages as well. Side effects of anglicizing former German-language psychology journals include the publication of shorter papers, their availability to a more international authorship, and a slight, but significant increase in multiple authorships.

Download Full-text

Journal ratings revisited: A closer scrutiny of impact factors.

American Psychologist ◽

10.1037/0003-066x.35.11.1048.b ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 35 (11) ◽

pp. 1048-1049 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Leighton E. Stamps ◽

Lawrence A. Fehr

Keyword(s):

Impact Factors

Download Full-text

Der Impact Factor

Phlebologie ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1616952 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 27 (03) ◽

pp. 77-83

Author(s):

A. Finzen

Keyword(s):

Impact Factor ◽

Scientific Information ◽

Impact Factors ◽

Wissenschaftliche Karrieren

ZusammenfassungWissenschaftliche Leistungen leben von der Originalität ihrer Urheber. Der Ver-such, sie zu quantifizieren, erscheint als Widerspruch in sich. Um so irritierender ist der Siegeszug des sogenannten Impact Factors, eines Konstrukts des amerikanischen Institute of Scientific Information (ISI), das den Anspruch stellt, über die Häufigkeit der Zitierung von – vom ISI erfaßten – Zeitschriften das Gewicht der in diesen publizierenden Wissenschaftler zu messen. Seit naturwissenschaftliche und medizinische Forschungseinrichtungen und Fakultäten dazu übergehen, den Impact Factor zur Grundlage für die Verteilung von Forschungsgeldern und zur Guillotine für wissenschaftliche Karrieren zu machen, schickt er sich an, die internationale Wissenschaftskultur zu verändern. Deshalb ist es an der Zeit, daß die Öffentlichkeit dieses Zeitgeistphänomen zur Kenntnis nimmt und sich mit seinen Folgen auseinandersetzt.

Download Full-text