Some Observations of the Chip Formation Process and the White Layer Formation in High Speed Milling of Hardened Steel

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ekinovic ◽  
S. Dolinsek ◽  
I. S. Jawahir
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Chip Formation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
White Layer ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Layer Formation ◽  
High Speed Milling ◽  
White Layer Formation

Study on the Effect of Grinding Parameters to the White Layer Formation in Grinding SKD-11 Hardened Steel

2008 ◽  
Vol 53-54 ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wei Ming ◽  
Qing Long An ◽  
Ming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Heating ◽  
White Layer ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Layer Formation ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Variable Parameters ◽  
Die Steel ◽  
White Layer Formation

White layer formed in the machined surface has been observed in many manufacturing processes. However, grinding has been considered more sensitive to form white layer due to the characteristics with high temperature and rapid heating and quenching. As an effective process to the difficult-to-machining die steel, grinding is widely used in the finishing of die and mould components with high precision. So study on white layer formed in ground surface is significant to improve the product quality and life. In this paper, grinding experiments focus on SKD-11 hardened steel with variable parameters were conducted to study the white layer formation and the parameter optimization to develop the favorable white layer and restrict the thickness of the dark-etching layer and the hot-affective region.

scholarly journals White layer formation mechanism in dry turning hardened steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. JAMDSM0044-JAMDSM0044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunzheng DUAN ◽  
Fangyuan ZHANG ◽  
Wei SUN ◽  
Xinxin XU ◽  
Minjie WANG
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
White Layer ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Layer Formation ◽  
Dry Turning ◽  
White Layer Formation

Research on the Chip Formation Mechanism during the high-speed milling of hardened steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 31-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyong Wang ◽  
Yingxing Xie ◽  
Lijuan Zheng ◽  
Zhe Qin ◽  
Dewen Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Chip Formation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
High Speed Milling ◽  
Chip Formation Mechanism

Effects of Sequential Cuts on White Layer Formation and Retained Austenite Content in Hard Turning of AISI52100 Steel

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Ming Zhang ◽  
Xin-Da Huang ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Jürgen Leopold ◽  
Han Ding
Keyword(s):  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Hard Turning ◽  
White Layer ◽  
Layer Formation ◽  
White Layer Thickness ◽  
Austenite Content ◽  
Sequential Cuts ◽  
White Layer Formation

This technical brief is the extension of our previous work developed by Zhang et al. (2016, “Effects of Process Parameters on White Layer Formation and Morphology in Hard Turning of AISI52100 Steel,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng., 138(7), p. 074502). We investigated the effects of sequential cuts on microstructure alteration in hard turning of AISI52100 steel. Samples undergone five sequential cuts are prepared with different radial feed rates and cutting speeds. Optical microscope and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are employed to analyze the microstructures of white layer and bulk materials after sequential cutting processes. Through the studies we first find out the increasing of white layer thickness in the sequential cuts. This trend in sequential cuts does work for different process parameters, belonging to the usually used ones in hard turning of AISI52100 steel. In addition, we find that the white layer thickness increases with the increasing of cutting speed, as recorded in the literature. To reveal the mechanism of white layer formation, XRD measurements of white layers generated in the sequential cuts are made. As a result retained austenite in white layers is identified, which states that the thermally driven phase transformations dominate the white layer formation, rather than the severe plastic deformation in cuts. Furthermore, retained austenite contents in sequential cuts with different process parameters are discussed. While using a smaller radial feed rate, the greater retained austenite content found in experiments is attributed to the generated compressive surface residual stresses, which possibly restricts the martensitic transformation.

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