scholarly journals Effect of colchicine on rat mast cells.

1976 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Lagunoff ◽  
E Y Chi
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Marked Change ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Cell Secretion ◽  
Histamine Secretion ◽  
Release Histamine ◽  
Rat Mast Cells

In the mast cell, a well-developed array of microtubules is centered around the centrioles. Complete loss of microtubules is observed when mast cells are treated with 10(-5) M colchicine for 4 h at 37 degrees C. The loss of ultrastructurally evident microtubules is associated with a marked change in the shape of mast cells from spheroids to highly irregular, frequently elongated forms with eccentric nuclei. In colchicine-treated cells the association of nucleus, Golgi apparatus, and centrioles is also lost. Mast cells exposed to 10(-5) M colchicine for 4 h at 37 degrees C retain 80% of their capacity to release histamine when stimulated by polymyxin B. Exocytosis is evident in stimulated cells pretreated with colchicine and lacking identifiable microtubules. When the conditions of exposure of mast cells to colchicine are varied with respect to the concentration of colchicine, the length of exposure, and the temperature of exposure, dissociation between deformation of cell shape and inhibition of histamine secretion is observed. These observations indicate that microtubules are not essential for mast cell histamine release and bring into question the assumption that the inhibitory effect of colchicine on mast cell secretion depends on interference with microtubule integrity.

scholarly journals The ATP4- receptor of rat mast cells

1980 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 789-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Cockcroft ◽  
B D Gomperts
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Concentration Dependence ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Histamine Secretion ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol Metabolism ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Metabolite Leakage ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Rat Mast Cells

The concentration-dependence on exogenous ATP of activation and inhibition of mast-cell histamine secretion, phosphatidylinositol labelling and leakage of metabolites shows that all these functions are regulated by the free acid ATP4-. Maximal histamine secretion and phosphatidylinositol labelling occur with ATP4- at approx. 2 microM, but higher concentrations, which cause inhibition of secretion and phosphatidylinositol labelling, are required to maximize leakage of 32P-labelled metabolites. Both enhancement and inhibition of phosphatidylinositol labelling (due to low and high concentrations of ATP4- respectively) are rapid in onset; histamine secretion is characterized by a delay, especially at low concentrations of ATP4- (approx. 1 microM). Phosphatidylinositol labelling and histamine secretion are dependent on extracellular Ca2+. Metabolite leakage due to the presence of exogenous ATP4- is slow and does not require Ca2+. Of 18 analogues of ATP that were tested, only four were agonists for secretion, and only these four permitted leakage of 32P-labelled metabolites. It is argued that activation and inhibition of histamine secretion, phosphatidylinositol labelling and metabolite leakage are all initiated by ATP4- acting at the same receptor. For mast cells stimulated with ATP4- enhancement of phosphatidylinositol metabolism is not sufficient by itself to cause Ca2+-dependent secretion.

Mast cell heterogeneity

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Shanahan ◽  
J. A. Denburg ◽  
J. Bienenstock ◽  
A. D. Befus
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Regulatory Peptides ◽  
Cell Heterogeneity ◽  
Cell Secretion ◽  
Biochemical Basis ◽  
Mucosal Mast Cells ◽  
Mast Cell Heterogeneity

Increasing evidence for the existence of inter- and intra-species mast cell heterogeneity has expanded the potential biological role of this cell. Early studies suggesting that mast cells at mucosal sites differ morphologically and histochemically from connective tissue mast cells have been confirmed using isolated intestinal mucosal mast cells in the rat and more recently in man. These studies also established that mucosal mast cells are functionally distinct from connective tissue mast cells. Thus, mucosal and connective tissue mast cells differ in their responsiveness to a variety of mast cell secretagogues and antiallergic agents. Speculation about the therapeutic use of antiallergic drugs in disorders involving intestinal mast cells cannot, therefore, be based on extrapolation from studies of their effects on mast cells from other sites. Regulatory mechanisms for mast cell secretion may also be heterogeneous since mucosal mast cells differ from connective tissue mast cells in their response to a variety of physiologically occurring regulatory peptides. The development of techniques to purify isolated mast cell sub-populations will facilitate future analysis of the biochemical basis of the functional heterogeneity of mast cells.

scholarly journals Substance P and IL-33 administered together stimulate a marked secretion of IL-1β from human mast cells, inhibited by methoxyluteolin

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (40) ◽  
pp. E9381-E9390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Taracanova ◽  
Irene Tsilioni ◽  
Pio Conti ◽  
Errol R. Norwitz ◽  
Susan E. Leeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Cell Secretion ◽  
Active Caspase

Mast cells are critical for allergic and inflammatory responses in which the peptide substance P (SP) and the cytokine IL-33 are involved. SP (0.01–1 μM) administered together with IL-33 (30 ng/mL) to human cultured LAD2 mast cells stimulates a marked increase (P< 0.0001) in secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β. Preincubation of LAD2 (30 min) with the SP receptor (NK-1) antagonists L-733,060 (10 μM) or CP-96345 (10 µM) inhibits (P< 0.001) secretion of IL-1β stimulated by either SP (1 μM) or SP together with IL-33 (30 ng/mL). Surprisingly, secretion of IL-1β stimulated by IL-33 is inhibited (P< 0.001) by each NK-1 antagonist. Preincubation with an antibody against the IL-33 receptor ST2 inhibits (P< 0.0001) secretion of IL-1β stimulated either by IL-33 or together with SP. The combination of SP (1 μM) with IL-33 (30 ng/mL) increases IL-1β gene expression by 90-fold in LAD2 cells and by 200-fold in primary cultured mast cells from human umbilical cord blood. The combination of SP and IL-33 increases intracellular levels of IL-1β in LAD2 by 100-fold and gene expression of IL-1β and procaspase-1 by fivefold and pro-IL-1β by twofold. Active caspase-1 is present even in unstimulated cells and is detected extracellularly. Preincubation of LAD2 cells with the natural flavonoid methoxyluteolin (1–100 mM) inhibits (P< 0.0001) secretion and gene expression of IL-1β, procaspase-1, and pro-IL-1β. Mast cell secretion of IL-1β in response to SP and IL-33 reveals targets for the development of antiinflammatory therapies.

scholarly journals Synthetic Polycations, Polyethylenimines and Polyallylamines Release Histamine from Rat Mast Cells

1989 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-290
Author(s):  
Tamiko SUZUKI-NISHIMURA ◽  
Hidehito SEKINO ◽  
Yasushi YOSHINO ◽  
Kohi NAGAYA ◽  
Naoto OKU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Synthetic Polycations ◽  
Release Histamine ◽  
Rat Mast Cells

scholarly journals Mast Cell Regulation and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Effects of Food Components with Potential Nutraceutical Use

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4314 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Uranga ◽  
Vicente Martínez ◽  
Raquel Abalo
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Food Components ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Release Histamine ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Mast cells are key actors in inflammatory reactions. Upon activation, they release histamine, heparin and nerve growth factor, among many other mediators that modulate immune response and neuron sensitization. One important feature of mast cells is that their population is usually increased in animal models and biopsies from patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Therefore, mast cells and mast cell mediators are regarded as key components in IBS pathophysiology. IBS is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder affecting the quality of life of up to 20% of the population worldwide. It is characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits, with heterogeneous phenotypes ranging from constipation to diarrhea, with a mixed subtype and even an unclassified form. Nutrient intake is one of the triggering factors of IBS. In this respect, certain components of the daily food, such as fatty acids, amino acids or plant-derived substances like flavonoids, have been described to modulate mast cells’ activity. In this review, we will focus on the effect of these molecules, either stimulatory or inhibitory, on mast cell degranulation, looking for a nutraceutical capable of decreasing IBS symptoms.

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