scholarly journals EVIDENCE FOR A CYTOLYTIC FACTOR RELEASED BY MACROPHAGES

1974 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 1085-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haakon Melsom ◽  
Gilla Kearny ◽  
Stanislav Gruca ◽  
Rolf Seljelid
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Serum Free Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages

Mouse peritoneal macrophages cultivated in vitro acquire a strong extracellular cytotoxic activity towards isotope labeled syngeneic erythrocytes as demonstrated by isotope release to the medium. This lytic process is mediated by an extremely labile macrophage cytolytic factor (MCF) which is not detected under ordinary tissue culture conditions with serum present in the medium. By the use of serum-free medium containing low doses of 2-mercaptoethanol MCF is stabilized and found to be an easily dialysable, low molecular substance which resists heating at 60°C for 30 min.

Lipid metabolism in cultured cells. III. Cholesterol excretion process

1964 ◽  
Vol 207 (6) ◽  
pp. 1221-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Martyn Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Serum Free Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Cholesterol Excretion

Mammalian cells grown in tissue culture have been shown previously to take up considerable quantities of cholesterol from the growth medium. When cells grown on cholesterol-C14 supplemented medium were transferred to unlabeled medium containing serum, excretion of cholesterol into the outside medium took place. When cell cholesterol was labeled by intracellular synthesis from mevalonate-C14 precursor, it also was excreted readily into the serum medium. This excretion did not take place in serum-free medium and was found to be stimulated by a nondialyzable, thermolabile component of human serum. Horse, chicken, calf, and rabbit serum also showed stimulation ability. The process of cholesterol excretion appears to be of general occurrence. It was found in both strains of cultured cells examined (mouse fibroblasts and lymphoblasts) and also in strips of rabbit aorta incubated in vitro.

In vitro chondrogenesis of limb mesoderm from normal and brachypod mouse embryos

Development ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-386
Author(s):  
William A. Elmer ◽  
David K. Selleck
Keyword(s):  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Serum Free Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Fresh Serum ◽  
Mitotic Figures

This paper describes the cytodifferentiation of hind limb mesodermal cells from 12-day-old normal and brachypod (bpH) mouse embryos grown in vitro at high densities. Over a 3-day culture period normal cells underwent aggregation, nodule formation, and coalescence of nodules into large masses of cartilage. This was associated at the biochemical level with a cessation of cell division, with a concomitant increase in metachromatic matrix, and synthesis of collagen. Under the described culture conditions the collagen synthesized by 48 h cultures was predominantly of cartilage type with an αl:α2 ratio of 9:1. A change in the collagen synthetic program was observed when the entire medium was replaced after 48 h incubation with fresh, serum-free medium. Under these conditionsthe αl:α2 ratio was 4:1. In contrast, brachypod cells plated at the same density appeared large, flattened, and stellate. Upon aggregation, normal nodule morphology was only rarely observed. More often large, irregular clusters formed from suspended cells loosely attaching to the surface aggregates. Concomitant with the marked changes in the morphology of the mutant cells was a linear increase in DNA synthesis and the appearance of many mitotic figures. A biochemical transformation in matrix synthesis was not observed, however. After a 24 h delay, mutant matrix accumulated and stained intensely with toluidine blue. Collagen was synthesized at approximately the normal rate and was of the cartilage type with an αl:α2 ratio of 9:1. When incubated in fresh, serum-free medium, the response of collagen subunit synthesis was identical to the normal cultures. In view of these results the possible manner in which brachypodism causes developmental anomalies of the limb skeleton is suggested.

scholarly journals Quantification of Internalized Silica Nanoparticles via STED Microscopy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike Peuschel ◽  
Thomas Ruckelshausen ◽  
Christian Cavelius ◽  
Annette Kraegeloh
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Stimulated Emission ◽  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Serum Free Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Serum Free

The development of safe engineered nanoparticles (NPs) requires a detailed understanding of their interaction mechanisms on a cellular level. Therefore, quantification of NP internalization is crucial to predict the potential impact of intracellular NP doses, providing essential information for risk assessment as well as for drug delivery applications. In this study, the internalization of 25 nm and 85 nm silica nanoparticles (SNPs) in alveolar type II cells (A549) was quantified by application of super-resolution STED (stimulated emission depletion) microscopy. Cells were exposed to equal particle number concentrations (9.2×1010particles mL−1) of each particle size and the sedimentation of particles during exposure was taken into account. Microscopy images revealed that particles of both sizes entered the cells after 5 h incubation in serum supplemented and serum-free medium. According to thein vitrosedimentation, diffusion, and dosimetry (ISDD) model 20–27% of the particles sedimented. In comparison, 102-103NPs per cell were detected intracellularly serum-containing medium. Furthermore, in the presence of serum, no cytotoxicity was induced by the SNPs. In serum-free medium, large agglomerates of both particle sizes covered the cells whereas only high concentrations (≥ 3.8 × 1012particles mL−1) of the smaller particles induced cytotoxicity.

Hybridoma antibody production in vitro in type II serum-free medium using Nutridoma-SP supplements Comparisons with in vivo methods

1991 ◽  
Vol 145 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geneviève Federspiel ◽  
Kenneth C. McCullough ◽  
Ulrich Kihm
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Production ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Serum Free Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Serum Free

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Effects In Vitro of Highly Purified Streptolysin O on Mouse Macrophages Cultured in a Serum-Free Medium

1966 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 1150-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Fauve ◽  
Joseph E. Alouf ◽  
Albert Delaunay ◽  
Marcel Raynaud
Keyword(s):  
Serum Free Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Streptolysin O ◽  
Mouse Macrophages
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