scholarly journals The relationship between surface immunoglobulin isotype and immune function of murine B lymphocytes. I. Surface immunoglobulin isotypes on primed B cells in the spleen.

1977 ◽  
Vol 145 (5) ◽  
pp. 1188-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Zan-Bar ◽  
S Strober ◽  
E S Vitetta
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin ◽  
Immunoglobulin Isotypes ◽  
Cell Surface Staining ◽  
Surface Staining ◽  
The Relationship

We investigated the ability of IgM-, IgD-, and IgG-bearing cells from the spleens of (BALB/c x C57BL/Ka)F1 mice primed to dinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin (DNP-BSA) to restore the adoptive secondary anti-BSA and anti-DNP antibody responses. A rabbit anti-mouse IgD antiserum was prepared and the specificity documented by radioimmunoprecipitation, and cell surface staining. Purified populations of IgM-, IgD-, and IgG-bearing cells were prepared by immunofluorescent staining with isotype-specific reagents, and sorting on the fluorescence activated cell sorter. Bright or dull cells were transferred to irradiated syngeneic recipients which were challenged with DNP-BSA in saline. Unfractionated spleen cells restored an adoptive secondary serum antibody response which was all IgG (2-mercaptoethanol resistant). Purified IgM- or IgD-bearing cells restored both the secondary IgM and IgG antibody response. IgG-bearing cells restored only the IgG response. In addition, the IgG-bearing cells appear to suppress the adoptive secondary IgM response, since depletion of IgG-bearing cells from transferred spleen cells results in a marked increase in the adoptive IgM response.

scholarly journals The relationship between surface immunoglobulin isotype and immune function of murine B lymphocytes II. Surface immunoglobulin isotopes on unprimed B cells in the spleen.

1977 ◽  
Vol 145 (5) ◽  
pp. 1206-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Zan-Bar ◽  
E S Vitetta ◽  
S Strober
Keyword(s):  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cell Sorter ◽  
Considerable Contribution ◽  
Immunoglobulin Isotype ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin ◽  
The Relationship

We investigated the ability of IgM-, IgD-, and IgG-bearing cells from the spleens of unprimed (BALB/c x C57BL/Ka)F1 mice to restore the adoptive primary anti-BSA and anti-DNP antibody responses. Purified populations of isotype-specific cells were prepared by immunofluorescent staining and sorting on the fluorescence activated cell sorter. Bright or dull cells were transferred to irradiated syngeneic recipients which were challenged with DNP-BSA in complete Freund's adjuvant. Unfractionated spleen cells as well as IgM- and IgD-bearing cells restored the adoptive primary IgM and IgG antibody response. IgG-bearing cells restored a vigorous adoptive response which was all IgG (2-mercaptoethanol resistant). Depletion of IgG-bearing cells markedly increased the adoptive IgM response, and depletion of IgM-bearing cells markedly increased the IgG response. However, depletion of IgD-bearing cells resulted in a considerable reduction in the IgG response. The latter finding indicates that there is a subpopulation of IgD-bearing cells which express little or no surface IgM and which make a considerable contribution to the adoptive primary IgG response.

scholarly journals the relationship between surface immunoglobulin isotype and immune function of murine B lymphocytes. III. Expression of a single predominant isotype on primed and unprimed B cells

1978 ◽  
Vol 147 (5) ◽  
pp. 1374-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Zan-Bar ◽  
ES Vitetta ◽  
F Assisi ◽  
S Strober
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Cell Sorter ◽  
Immunoglobulin Isotype ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin ◽  
The Relationship

We determined whether primed and unprimed B cells in the spleen of (BALB/c × C57BL/Ka)F(1) mice contain subpopulations that express a predominant surface Ig isotype. Spleen cells were stained for surface isotypes and sorted on the fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) in order to obtain B cells bearing predominantly IgM (μp cells), IgD (δp cells), or IgG (γp cells). Each population was assayed for its capacity to restore the adoptive primary and secondary anti-bovine serum albumin (BSA) antibody response in irradiated syngeneic recipients. In addition, the adoptive response restored by isotype-predominant cells was compared to that restored by isotype- positive cells (B cells bearing a given surface isotype alone or in combination with others). The experimental results show that μp cells restore the adoptive primary and secondary IgM and IgG responses to BSA, and γP cells restore only the primary and secondary IgG response. Δp Cells restored the adoptive secondary IgG response, but failed to restore the adoptive primary response at the cell doses tested. ΓP Cells but not δp cells suppressed the IgM response of the μ(+) and δ(+) cells. The contribution of isotype-predominant cells to both the adoptive primary and secondary anti-BSA response was smaller than that of B cells bearing a combination of surface isotypes. Differences in the Ig isotype pattern expressed on the surface of primed and unprimed B cells are discussed.

scholarly journals Genetic regulation of the antibody response to H-2Db alloantigens in mice. I. Differences in activation of helper T cells in C57BL/10 and BALB/c congenic strains.

1975 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Wernet ◽  
F Lilly
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Helper Function

B10.A(5R) mice immunized with C57BL/10 spleen cells demonstrate a normal T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity to H-2Db tumor cells but they do not mount any IgG antibody response to H-2Db alloantigens. B10.A(5R) mice do show a high titered IgG response when immunized with A.BY cells, which differ at H-2Db plus non-H-2 cell surface antigens, or with B10.A(2R) cells, which differ at H-2Db, H-2Kk, and H-2Ik cell surface antigens. These findings indicate a failure of the T-helper cells to induce the switch from IgM to IgG when the H-2Db alloantigens are the only difference on the immunizing cell. In immunizing H-2d mice with congenic H-g2 cells which differ only in the H-2Db region, mice of the C57BL/10 background made only IgM antibodies whereas mice of the BALB/c background made IgG antibodies. This comparison confirms that genes separate from H-2 regulate the T-cell helper function. The genes that influence the T-cell helper function do not regulate the T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

Immunologic Response to Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in Infants

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Sloyer ◽  
Laurel J. Karr ◽  
John H. Ploussard ◽  
Gerald D. Schiffman
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Young Infant ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharides ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Colonization ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Group 1

The serum antibody response to purified pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (PCP) was determined in four groups of infants ranging in age from 3 to 24 months. Group 1 consisted of eight infants immunized with an octavalent vaccine containing serotypes 1, 3, 6, 7, 14, 18, 19 and 23 (PCP-8). Group 1 received 25 μg of each serotype at 3–6 months of age and again at 18–24 months. The antibody response after the second immunization was compared to a group of nine patients receiving a primary immunization at 18–24 months and to a group of ten age-matched controls receiving saline placebo. There were no significant differences in mean serum antibody levels between the two groups receiving the PCP-8. A fourth group of 44 infants between 6 and 21 months of age received either PCP-7 or PCP-8 and were followed for two years, at which time simultaneous injections of both vaccines were administered. Types 2, 3, 7, and 8 were most immunogenic but levels six months after immunization were approximately the same as for unimmunized controls with the exception of serotypes 3 and 7 which persisted for about two years. The class of antibody induced either by natural infection or by immunization was preferentially IgG and it was more often induced by the former. There were no significant differences between the serotypes of pneumococci isolated from nasopharyngeal cultures regardless of which vaccine was administered. Finally, the least immunogenic serotypes include 4, 6, 14, 19, and 23 and these are the only serotypes thus far associated with otitis media after immunization. The results suggest that PCP do not induce a lasting immune tolerance at the dose administered in this study; PCP are not very immunogenic in the young infant; PCP antibody tends to rise naturally; IgG antibody is preferentially induced; nasopharyngeal colonization is not altered by PCP immunization; and an association may exist between PCP immunogenicity and subsequent onset of otitis media.

scholarly journals SELECTIVE ROLES OF THYMUS-DERIVED LYMPHOCYTES IN THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE

1974 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomio Tada ◽  
Toshitada Takemori
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Cell Transfer ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Igm Antibody

Passively transferred thymocytes and spleen cells from donors primed with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) exerted differential suppressive effect on IgM and IgG antibody responses of syngeneic recipients immunized with DNP-KLH depending primarily on the time when KLH-primed cells were transferred. This was demonstrated by the decrease in the numbers of DNP-specific direct and indirect PFC in the spleen of the recipients given KLH-primed cells at different times during primary and secondary immunization. Whereas the cell transfer simultaneously with or 2 days after the primary immunization produced only slight suppression of the peak IgM antibody response, it caused profound suppression of late IgM and IgG antibody responses. By contrast, the cell transfer 3 days after the immunization produced immediate suppression of the ongoing IgM antibody response resulting in its earlier termination, while being unable to prevent the induction of IgG antibody response. KLH-primed cells could moderately suppress the secondary anti-DNP antibody response, in which IgG antibody response was found to be slightly more sensitive than IgM antibody response to the suppressive influence of KLH-primed cells. The suppressive effect of the KLH-primed spleen cells was completely eliminated by the in vitro treatment of the cells with anti-θ and C before cell transfer, indicating that cells responsible for the suppression are, in fact, T cells. The suppression of DNP-specific antibody response by KLH-primed T cells was achieved only if the recipients were immunized with DNP-KLH but not with DNP-heterologous carrier, suggesting that direct interaction between T and B cells is necessary for the suppression of the antibody response. It is concluded that susceptibility of B cells to the specific suppressive influence of T cells is inherently different depending on the differentiation stage of B cells and on the immunoglobulin class they are destined to produce.

scholarly journals Properties of antigen-specific suppressive T-cell factor in the regulation of antibody response of the mouse. I. In vivo activity and immunochemical characterization.

1975 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. 1241-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Takemori ◽  
T Tada
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Donor Strain ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Protein Antigens ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Suppressor Factor ◽  
T Cell Factor

An antigen-specific suppressive T-cell factor was extracted from physically disrupted thymocytes and spleen cells of mice that had been immunized with soluble protein antigens. The factor, when inoculated into syngeneic normal mice, could induce a significant suppression of IgG antibody response against a hapten coupled to the carrier protein by which the donor of the suppressor factor was immunized. The suppressor factor was found only effective in suppressing the antibody response of syngeneic or H-2 histocompatible recipients. The suppressive T-cell factor was removed by absorption with immunoadsorbent composed of the relevant antigen, but not with any of those of anti-immunoglobulin antibodies. The factor was successfully removed by alloantibodies with specificity for the K end (H-2K, I-A and I-B) of the H-2 complex of the donor strain, but not by those for the D end (I-C, SsSlp, and H-2D). The activity was removed by absorption with a heterologous antithymocyte serum. The mol wt of the suppression T-cell factor was between 35,000 and 60,000 as determined by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. The suppressive T-cell factor was found to be a heat-liable protein.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody responses in rt-PCR positive cases: first report from India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Girish Chandra Dash ◽  
Debaprasad Parai ◽  
Hari Ram Choudhary ◽  
Annalisha Peter ◽  
Usha Kiran Rout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Ct Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses remain poorly understood and the clinical utility of serological testing is still unclear. As it is thought to confer some degree of immunity, this study is carried out to know the relationship between demographics and ct value of confirmed rt-PCR patients. A total of 384 serum samples were collected between 4-6 weeks after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. IgG positivity was found to be 80.2% (95% CI, 76.2 – 84.2). The IgG positivity increased with the decrease in the ct value, with highest of 87.6% positivity in individuals with <20 ct value. The mean (± SD) ct value of IgG positives and og IgG negatives was 23.34 (± 6.09) and 26.72 (± 7.031) respectively. There was no significant difference found between the demographic characteristics such as age, sex, symptoms and antibody response. The current study is first of its kind wherein we have assessed the correlation of ct of RT-PCR with development of IgG against SARS-CoV-2. Our study showed that although Ct value might not have any relation with severity of the diseases but is associated with the antibody response among the SARS-CoV-2 infected individual.

scholarly journals Modulation of Antibody-Mediated Immune Response by Probiotics in Chickens

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1387-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid R. Haghighi ◽  
Jianhua Gong ◽  
Carlton L. Gyles ◽  
M. Anthony Hayes ◽  
Babak Sanei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Mucosal Antibody ◽  
Probiotic Product ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

ABSTRACT Probiotic bacteria, including Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum, have been shown to enhance antibody responses in mammals. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of a probiotic product containing the above bacteria in addition to Streptococcus faecalis on the induction of the chicken antibody response to various antigens, both systemically and in the gut. The birds received probiotics via oral gavage and subsequently were immunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) to evaluate antibody responses in serum or with tetanus toxoid (TT) to measure the mucosal antibody response in gut contents. Control groups received phosphate-buffered saline. Overall, BSA and SRBC induced a detectable antibody response as early as week 1 postimmunization (p.i.), which lasted until week 3 p.i. Probiotic-treated birds had significantly (P ≤ 0.001) more serum antibody (predominantly immunoglobulin M [IgM]) to SRBC than the birds that were not treated with probiotics. However, treatment with probiotics did not enhance the serum IgM and IgG antibody responses to BSA. Immunization with TT resulted in the presence of specific IgA and IgG antibody responses in the gut. Again, treatment with probiotics did not change the level or duration of the antibody response in the gut. In conclusion, probiotics enhance the systemic antibody response to some antigens in chickens, but it remains to be seen whether probiotics have an effect on the generation of the mucosal antibody response.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody responses in rt-PCR-positive cases: first report from India

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Girish Chandra Dash ◽  
Debaprasad Parai ◽  
Hari Ram Choudhary ◽  
Annalisha Peter ◽  
Usha Kiran Rout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody responses remain poorly understood and the clinical utility of serological testing is still unclear. Aim. To understand the relationship between the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the demographics and cycle threshold (C t) values of confirmed RT-PCR patients. Methodology. A total of 384 serum samples were collected from individuals between 4–6 weeks after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and tested for the development of immunoglobulin class G (IgG) against SARS-CoV-2. The C t values, age, gender and symptoms of the patients were correlated with the development of antibodies. Results. IgG positivity was found to be 80.2 % (95 % CI, 76.2–84.2). Positivity increased with a decrease in the C t value, with the highest (87.6 %) positivity observed in individuals with C t values <20. The mean (±sd) C t values for IgG positives and negatives were 23.34 (±6.09) and 26.72 (±7.031), respectively. No significant difference was found for demographic characteristics such as age and sex and symptoms and antibody response. The current study is the first of its kind wherein we have assessed the correlation of the RT-PCR C t with the development of IgG against SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion. Although C t values might not have any relation with the development of symptoms, they are associated with the antibody response among SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals.

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