scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF HEMOGLOBIN INJECTIONS ON ERYTHROPOIESIS AND ERYTHROCYTE SIZE IN RABBITS RENDERED ANEMIC BY BLEEDING

1934 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Miller ◽  
C. P. Rhoads
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Color Index ◽  
Free Hemoglobin ◽  
Hemoglobin Solution

1. An anemia characterized by increased size of the red blood cells and a high color index was produced in rabbits by repeated bleeding and by the subcutaneous injection of stroma-free hemoglobin solution. 2. The bone marrow of these rabbits reverted to a more primitive stage than did the marrows of rabbits rendered anemic in the same manner but not treated with hemoglobin.

scholarly journals Effect of “Amprolinsyl” and “Amprolium 22%” on morphological indices of blood of turkeys for eumeria invasion

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (94) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
V. Stybel ◽  
B. Gutyj ◽  
I. Hariv ◽  
L. Slivinska ◽  
O. Prijma
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Color Index ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin Content ◽  
Clinical Recovery ◽  
Physiological Values

The article gives data on the influence of Amprolinsyl and Amprolium 22% on morphological parameters of blood after eumirioic invasion. It has been shown that after application of amprolium 22% for the treatment of turkeys infected with eumeria invasion, gradual normalization of hematological parameters of blood begins. Thus, at the 3rd day of treatment, the number of red blood cells increased, but remained 25.1% lower, and the hemoglobin level increased, but remained at 16.3% lower, compared with clinically healthy poultry. During this period, within the limits of normal values was the value of the color index, the mass of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte and the value of hematocrit. The obtained results indicate a gradual normalization of the erythropoietic function of the bone marrow. However, the large average volume of one erythrocyte is 1.12 ± 0.07 μm against 0.96 ± 0.03 μm³ in the control, and the decrease in the average concentration of hemoglobin in one erythrocyte by 13.3% against the norm indicates an incomplete recovery of the erythropoietic bone marrow function. At day 5 of treatment with amprolium, 22% of red blood cells and hemoglobin levels increased but still remained below physiological values by 12.3% and 6.8%, respectively, compared to control. At the 10th day of the experiment, restoration of hematopoietic function of the bone marrow was observed on physiological values of erythrocytes and hemoglobin content of the blood, as well as blood leukogram. In the treatment of turkeys with "Amprolisyl", at the 5th day, the hematopoietic function of the bone marrow completely normalized, as indicated by the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin content and red blood cell index values. It is known that the values of red blood cells, namely the volume of erythrocytes, the mass and concentration of hemoglobin in them, and the color index objectively reflect the state of hematopoietic function of the bone marrow. The results of our studies indicate that in the turkey infected with imeiriosis and treated with amprolium 22%, clinical recovery occurs at day 5, and the hematopoietic function of the bone marrow is restored spontaneously in 5 days after recovery. In the treatment of turkeys with Amprolinsyl, the restoration of morphological parameters, the normalization of white blood cell leukemogram and the clinical recovery of turkeys arose on the fifth day of treatment. Thus, due to the fact that Amporolinsyl, in addition to the active ingredient, contains sparse fruit of thistle spots, which contain high levels of vitamins A and K, and trace elements – Ferum, Kuprum and Cobalt, which are directly involved in hemopoiesis, therefore, the restoration of hematopoietic function of the bone marrow comes much faster than with the application of amprolium itself 22%.

Normalized levels of red blood cells expressing phosphatidylserine, their microparticles, and activated platelets in young patients with β-thalassemia following bone marrow transplantation

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 1741-1747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phatchanat Klaihmon ◽  
Sinmanus Vimonpatranon ◽  
Egarit Noulsri ◽  
Surapong Lertthammakiat ◽  
Usanarat Anurathapan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Activated Platelets

Early erythropoiesis in foetal rat bone marrow: evidence for a liver-to-bone marrow relay

Development ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-293
Author(s):  
M. D. Nagel ◽  
J. Nagel ◽  
R. Jacquot
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Erythropoietic Activity ◽  
Intrauterine Life ◽  
Foetal Rat ◽  
Stimulate Bone Marrow ◽  
Rat Bone

Erythropoietic activity of foetal rat femoral marrow was examined during the last four days of intra-uterine life. Insignificant at day 18, it develops slowly thereafter until birth. In the non-suckled neonate (not older than two hours), it appears notably enhanced. In order to test the potential of the foetal marrow to develop precocious or increased erythropoiesis, the activity of the erythropoietic organ predominant at this time, the liver, was altered by modifying the level of circulating corticosteroids which govern its function. Maturation and involution of the hepatic erythron were prevented by corticosteroid deprivation of the foetus (maternal adrenalectomy and foetal hypophysectomy). Precocious maturation and exhaustion of the hepatic erythron was induced by submitting foetuses to corticosteroids excess from day 14. Both corticosteroid deprivation and excess increase the erythropoietic activity of the femoral marrow. This activity can reach and even exceed by day 20 of intrauterine life that in neonatal marrow. Foetal hepatic erythron misfunction can therefore initiate and stimulate bone marrow erythropoiesis. The study of circulating red blood cells demonstrates that: (1) anaemia initiates medullary erythropoietic activity; (2) this anaemia is largely corrected by the bone marrow. The regulatory mechanism is presumably erythropoietin mediated.

scholarly journals CELLS INVOLVED IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE

1969 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabih I. Abdou ◽  
Maxwell Richter
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Allogeneic Bone Marrow ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Allogeneic Bone ◽  
Sheep Red Blood Cells ◽  
Sheep Red Cells

Irradiated rabbits given allogeneic bone marrow cells from normal adult donors responded to an injection of sheep red blood cells by forming circulating antibodies. Their spleen cells were also capable of forming many plaques using the hemolysis in gel technique, and were also capable of undergoing blastogenesis and mitosis and of incorporating tritiated thymidine upon exposure to the specific antigen in vitro. However, irradiated rabbits injected with allogeneic bone marrow obtained from rabbits injected with sheep red blood cells 24 hr prior to sacrifice (primed donors) were incapable of mounting an immune response after stimulation with sheep red cells. This loss of reactivity by the bone marrow from primed donors is specific for the antigen injected, since the immune response of the irradiated recipients to a non-cross-reacting antigen, the horse red blood cell, is unimpaired. Treatment of the bone marrow donors with high-titered specific antiserum to sheep red cells for 24 hr prior to sacrifice did not result in any diminished ability of their bone marrow cells to transfer antibody-forming capacity to sheep red blood cells. The significance of these results, with respect to the origin of the antigen-reactive and antibody-forming cells in the rabbit, is discussed.

scholarly journals Peripheral Red Blood Cell Split Chimerism as a Consequence of Intramedullary Selective Apoptosis of Recipient Red Blood Cells in a Case of Sickle Cell Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e2014066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Marziali ◽  
Antonella Isgrò ◽  
Pietro Sodani ◽  
Javid Gaziev ◽  
Daniela Fraboni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Marrow Transplant ◽  
Mixed Chimerism ◽  
Radical Cure ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Hematopoietic Chimerism

Allogeneic cellular gene therapy through hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only radical cure for congenital hemoglobinopathies like thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. Persistent mixed hematopoietic chimerism (PMC) has been described in thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. Here, we describe the clinical course of a 6-year-old girl who had received bone marrow transplant for sickle cell anemia. After the transplant, the patient showed 36% donor hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, whereas in the peripheral blood there was evidence of 80%  circulating donor red blood cells (RBC). The analysis of apoptosis at the Bone Marrow  level suggests that Fas might contribute to the cell death of host erythroid precursors. The increase in NK cells and the regulatory T cell population observed in this patient suggests that these cells might contribute to the condition of mixed chimerism.

scholarly journals Centrifugation-free washing reduces buildup of potassium and free hemoglobin in washed red blood cells after the procedure

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
pp. E389-E391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Vörös ◽  
Madeleine Lu ◽  
Dalia Lezzar ◽  
Sergey S. Shevkoplyas
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Free Hemoglobin

Red blood cells

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun R. McCann
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Haemolytic Anaemia ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria ◽  
Globin Chains ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Red blood cells, erythrocytes, are unique in that they do not contain a nucleus. This fact facilitates the study of their metabolism. Erythrocytes contain the protein pigment haemoglobin, which is in solution in the cells and consists of globin chains and iron. In this chapter, the development of the understanding of erythrocytes is linked to the blood conditions haemolytic anaemia and paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria. Premature destruction of erythrocytes, in the absence of blood loss, is termed haemolysis. If the bone marrow is unable to compensate adequately, then anaemia ensues and the condition is called haemolytic anaemia. The underlying defect is a deficiency in the activity of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, termed G6PD deficiency.

scholarly journals A review of the treatment landscape in paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria: where are we now and where are we going?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 263300402095934
Author(s):  
Morag Griffin ◽  
Richard Kelly ◽  
Alexandra Pike
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria ◽  
Complement Cascade ◽  
Future Treatments

Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) is an ultra-orphan disease, which until 15 years ago had limited treatment options. Eculizumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits C5 in the terminal complement cascade, has revolutionised treatment for this disease, near normalising life expectancy and improving quality of life for patients. The treatment landscape of PNH is now evolving, with ravulizumab a second longer acting intravenous C5 inhibitor now licenced by the FDA and EMA. With different therapeutic targets in the complement cascade and difference modalities of treatment, including subcutaneous, oral and intravenous therapies being developed, increasing independence for patients and reducing healthcare requirements. This review discusses the current and future therapies for PNH. Lay summary Review of current and future treatments for patients with Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria What is Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria? Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) is a very rare disease. It arises from PNH stem cells in the bone marrow. In a normal bone marrow these are inactive; however, if there has been a problem in the bone marrow, the PNH stem cells can expand and make PNH red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. The problem with these cells is that they lack the cell surface markers that usually protect them. Red blood cells are broken down in the circulation rather than the spleen, which gives rise to PNH symptoms such as abdominal pain, difficulty swallowing, erectile dysfunction and red or black urine (known as haemoglobinuria). The white blood cells and platelets are ‘stickier’ increasing the risk of blood clots. Previously life expectancy was reduced as there were limited treatment options available. What was the aim of this review? To provide an overview of current and future treatment options for PNH Which treatments are available? • Eculizumab is an treatment given through a vein (intravenous) every week for 5 weeks then every 2 weeks after this, and has been available for 13 years, improving life expectancy to near normal. • Ravulizumab is a newer intravenous treatment similar to eculizumab but is given every 8 weeks instead of every 2 weeks. In clinical studies it was comparable with eculizumab. • Future Treatments - There is new research looking at different methods of treatment delivery, including injections under the skin (subcutaneous) that patients can give themselves, treatments taken by mouth (oral) or a combination of an intravenous and oral treatment for those patients who are not optimally controlled on eculizumab or ravulizumab. What does this mean? PNH is now treatable. For years, the only drug available was eculizumab, but now different targets and drug trials are available. Ravulizumab is currently the only second licenced product available, in USA and Europe, there are other medications active in clinical trials. Why is this important? The benefit for patients, from treatment every 2 weeks to every 8 weeks is likely to be improved further with the development of these new treatments, providing patients with improved disease control and independence. As we move into an era of more patient-friendly treatment options, the PNH community both physicians and patients look forward to new developments as discussed in this article.

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