The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein Vol 1: The Early Years, 1879–1902

AbstractThe unconventional correspondence between physicists Albert Einstein and Felix Ehrenhaft, especially at the height of the alleged production by the latter of magnetic monopoles, is examined in the following paper. Almost unknown by the general public, it is sometimes witty, yet it can be pathetic, and certainly bewildering. At one point the arguments they exchanged became a poetic duel between Einstein and Ehrenhaft's wife. Ignored by conventional Einstein biographies, this episode took place during the initial years of the Second World War, but was rooted in disputes dating back to the early years of the twentieth century. The interesting intersection of a series of scientific controversies also highlights some aspects of the personal dramas involved, and after so many years the whole affair in itself is still intriguing.

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Ørsted, Hans Christian (1777–1851)

Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy ◽

10.4324/9780415249126-dc119-1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew D. Wilson

Keyword(s):

Albert Einstein ◽

Scientific Work ◽

Dynamical Theory ◽

Early Years ◽

Religious Instruction ◽

Natural Laws ◽

James Clerk Maxwell ◽

Heinrich Hertz ◽

Unified View ◽

Michael Faraday

Hans Christian Ørsted, the Danish chemist and physicist, discovered electromagnetism in 1820. This epochal discovery fundamentally changed the development of physical science, leading to the ground-breaking research of Michael Faraday, Andre-Marie Ampere, James Clerk Maxwell, Heinrich Hertz, Albert Einstein, and others. In his scientific work, Ørsted espoused a dynamical theory of matter which had its roots in Immanuel Kant’s metaphysics of nature, and he remained committed to the belief in the fundamental interconnection of natural forces, a commitment that can be traced back to his religious instruction as a youth and to Friedrich von Schelling’s Naturphilosophie. During the early years of his career, he strove to provide a rigorous metaphysical foundation for the science of chemistry. Throughout his life and scientific work, Ørsted understood natural laws and phenomena to be the rational revelation of God, and sought to develop a unified view of nature reflecting this belief.

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John Stachel (ed.). The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein. Volume 1. The Early Years, 1879–1902. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987. Pp. lxvi + 433. ISBN 0-691-08407-6. £35. English translation by Anna Beck, £14.10 (paper), £6.25 (microfiche), available only to purchasers of main volume.

The British Journal for the History of Science ◽

10.1017/s0007087400024894 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 262-262

Author(s):

John Hendry

Keyword(s):

English Translation ◽

Albert Einstein ◽

Early Years ◽

Princeton University

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The Early Years of Albert Einstein: When viewed through the lens of current theory and research were there signs of giftedness?

Apex ◽

10.21307/apex-2009-001 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 65-77

Author(s):

Donna Beeston

Keyword(s):

Albert Einstein ◽

Current Theory ◽

Early Years

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The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein. I. The Early Years, 1879-1902

Journal of Interdisciplinary History ◽

10.2307/204367 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 488

Author(s):

Crosbie Smith ◽

John Stachel

Keyword(s):

Albert Einstein ◽

Early Years

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The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x13009850 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (01) ◽

pp. 102-129

Author(s):

ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽

EUDALD CORTINA ORERO

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

El Salvador ◽

Early Years ◽

Left Wing ◽

Internal Dynamics ◽

Internal Coherence ◽

The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

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Image quality vs data obtainment in biological electron microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100141950 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 42-43

Author(s):

J. E. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Electron Beam ◽

Image Quality ◽

High Speed ◽

Early Period ◽

Early Years ◽

Fluorescent Screen ◽

Embedding Medium

In the early years of biological electron microscopy, scientists had their hands full attempting to describe the cellular microcosm that was suddenly before them on the fluorescent screen. Mitochondria, Golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, and other myriad organelles were being examined, micrographed, and documented in the literature. A major problem of that early period was the development of methods to cut sections thin enough to study under the electron beam. A microtome designed in 1943 moved the specimen toward a rotary “Cyclone” knife revolving at 12,500 RPM, or 1000 times as fast as an ordinary microtome. It was claimed that no embedding medium was necessary or that soft embedding media could be used. Collecting the sections thus cut sounded a little precarious: “The 0.1 micron sections cut with the high speed knife fly out at a tangent and are dispersed in the air. They may be collected... on... screens held near the knife“.

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