Thermal Management of Air-Cooling Lithium-Ion Battery Pack

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 118201
Author(s):  
Jianglong Du ◽  
Haolan Tao ◽  
Yuxin Chen ◽  
Xiaodong Yuan ◽  
Cheng Lian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Cooling Effect ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Battery Packs

Lithium-ion battery packs are made by many batteries, and the difficulty in heat transfer can cause many safety issues. It is important to evaluate thermal performance of a battery pack in designing process. Here, a multiscale method combining a pseudo-two-dimensional model of individual battery and three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics is employed to describe heat generation and transfer in a battery pack. The effect of battery arrangement on the thermal performance of battery packs is investigated. We discuss the air-cooling effect of the pack with four battery arrangements which include one square arrangement, one stagger arrangement and two trapezoid arrangements. In addition, the air-cooling strategy is studied by observing temperature distribution of the battery pack. It is found that the square arrangement is the structure with the best air-cooling effect, and the cooling effect is best when the cold air inlet is at the top of the battery pack. We hope that this work can provide theoretical guidance for thermal management of lithium-ion battery packs.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Thermal Simulations of 18650 Lithium-Ion Batteries Cooled by Different Schemes under High Rate Discharging and External Shorting Conditions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6986
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Zhifu Zhou ◽  
Jian Zhao ◽  
Liang Hao ◽  
Minli Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Thermal Simulations

In this work, three-dimensional thermal simulations of single 18650 lithium-ion battery cell and 75 V lithium-ion battery pack composed of 21 18650 battery cells are performed based on a multi-scale multi-domain (MSMD) battery modeling approach. Different cooling approaches’ effects on 18650 lithium-ion battery and battery pack thermal management under fast discharging and external shorting conditions are investigated and compared. It is found that for the natural convection, forced air cooling, and/or mini-channel liquid cooling approaches, the temperature of battery cell easily exceeds 40 °C under 3C rate discharging condition. While under external shorting condition, the temperature of cell rises sharply and reaches the 80 °C in a short period of time, which can trigger thermal runaway and may even lead to catastrophic battery fire. On the other hand, when the cooling method is single-phase direct cooling with FC-72 as coolant or two-phase immersed cooling by HFE-7000, the cell temperature is effectively limited to a tolerable level under both high C rate discharging and external shorting conditions. In addition, two-phase immersed cooling scheme is found to lead to better temperature uniformity according to the 75 V battery pack simulations.

scholarly journals Design of Cylindrical Thermal Dummy Cell for Development of Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Management System

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1357
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Shusheng Xiong ◽  
Xiaojun Zhou ◽  
Wei Shi ◽  
Chongming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
The Real ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Real Cell

This paper aims to design thermal dummy cells (TDCs) that can be used in the development of lithium-ion battery thermal management systems. Based on physical property and geometry of real 18,650 cylindrical cells, a three-dimensional model of TDCs was designed, and it is used to numerically simulate the thermal performance of TDCs. Simulations show that the TDC can mimic the temperature change on the surface of a real cell both at static and dynamic current load. Experimental results show that the rate of heating resistance of TDC is less than 0.43% for temperatures between 27.5 °C and 90.5 °C. Powered by a two-step voltage source of 12 V, the temperature difference of TDCs is 1 °C and 1.6 °C along the circumference and the axial directions, respectively. Powered by a constant voltage source of 6 V, the temperature rising rates on the surface and in the core are higher than 1.9 °C/min. Afterwards, the proposed TDC was used to simulate a real cell for investigating its thermal performance under the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), and the same tests were conducted using real cells. The test indicates that the TDC surface temperature matches well with that of the real battery during the NEDC test, while the temperature rise of TDC exceeds that of the real battery during the suburban cycle. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of using TDCs to replace real cells, which can greatly improve safety and efficiency for the development of lithium-ion battery thermal management systems.

A comparative study between air cooling and liquid cooling thermal management systems for a high-energy lithium-ion battery module

2021 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 117503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Akbarzadeh ◽  
Theodoros Kalogiannis ◽  
Joris Jaguemont ◽  
Lu Jin ◽  
Hamidreza Behi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Battery Module

Optimization of an air-based thermal management system for lithium-ion battery packs

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 103314
Author(s):  
Yusong Wang ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Peng Han ◽  
Changsheng Hao ◽  
Shaohua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Packs
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