scholarly journals Measuring uncertainty assessment of an experimental device used to determine the thermo-optico-physical properties of translucent construction materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Delort ◽  
Damien Ali Hamada FAKRA ◽  
Bruno Mallet-Damour ◽  
Jean Claude Gatina
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Uncertainty Assessment ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Experimental Device ◽  
Optical Absorbance ◽  
New Device ◽  
Uncertainty Estimates ◽  
Experimental Apparatus

Abstract Studying thermo-optical (i.e., thermal conductivity, optical re ectance, optical transmittance, and optical absorbance) properties of construction materials is essential for improving human comfort within a building. Typically, these properties are measured independently using specific equipment. The emerging of new innovative construction structures, such as translucent materials, makes the experimental characterization of these properties more challenging to observe. Recently, a new device, called MultiCoefMeter (McM), which rapidly and simultaneously measures all these properties, has been created. The study described in this article covers the calculation technique for estimating measurement uncertainties linked to morphology, the component parts, and the physical formula of the experimental apparatus. The measurement uncertainty estimates are obtained from knowledge of the color of the system's walls, placement, and form of the McM components, placement of measurement sensors, and the application of measurement collection equipment. Therefore, a thorough calculation analysis was performed on the sub-systems. Calculations are divided between two categories: those based on mathematical tools and information given by the makers, and those based on experimental observations obtained during reliability testing. These uncertainties originate from statistical tools, geometric tolerance of the system, comparison with standards, and the error propagation laws of the physical models link with the device. All these uncertainties were summed up and given a global value, no more than 5%, conforming to the ASTM standard (E1225). Finally, a general method to quantify measurement uncertainty value of any experimental device was proposed.

scholarly journals mumpce_py: A Python Implementation of the Method of Uncertainty Minimization Using Polynomial Chaos Expansions

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Sheen
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Polynomial Chaos ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Uncertainty Minimization ◽  
Polynomial Chaos Expansions ◽  
Parameter Values

The Method of Uncertainty Minimization using Polynomial Chaos Expansions (MUM-PCE) was developed as a software tool to constrain physical models against experimental measurements. These models contain parameters that cannot be easily determined from first principles and so must be measured, and some which cannot even be easily measured. In such cases, the models are validated and tuned against a set of global experiments which may depend on the underlying physical parameters in a complex way. The measurement uncertainty will affect the uncertainty in the parameter values.

Comparative Measurements of the Thermal Properties of Solid Materials on a New Device and Using a New Non-Stationary Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 366 ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Kušnerová ◽  
Lukáš Gola ◽  
Jan Valíček ◽  
Vojtěch Václavík ◽  
Marta Harničárová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
New Device ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Temperature Dependences ◽  
Material Coefficient

The aim of the publication is the comparative measurements of changes in temperature of the significant material coefficient - thermal conductivity for newly developed construction materials (lightweight concrete). The aim is met by using a newly proposed method and a newly developed device by the approximation modelling of the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the new composites and also the interpretation of measurement results in the context of optimally desired characteristics of thermal insulation concrete. Construction materials for residential buildings should have good thermal insulation properties, i.e. relatively low coefficients of thermal conductivity. With regard to the relatively most important property of concrete – strength, however, the reduction in thermal conductivity of concrete is limited. Thermal conductivity of concrete can be reduced very effectively by increasing its porosity; on the other hand, by increasing the porosity, the strength of concrete is significantly reduced. The publication, therefore, compares the results of temperature dependences of thermal conductivity for three newly designed concretes, namely in the context of their compressive strength.

Research of Wet Gas Experimental Facility with Adjustable and Intermediate Pressure

2012 ◽  
Vol 220-223 ◽  
pp. 875-879
Author(s):  
Ying Xu ◽  
Cun Yin ◽  
Zheng Hai Long
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Uncertainty Assessment ◽  
Experimental Facility ◽  
Rate Range ◽  
Intermediate Pressure ◽  
Loop Design ◽  
Wet Gas ◽  
Flow Rate Range

In order to better simulate the flowing condition of wet gas, Tianjin University has designed and built up a wet gas flow experimental facility with adjustable and intermediate pressure in the flow laboratory. The designed pressure of the facility which used standard meter method and dual closed-loop design is 4MPa. The experiment medium is air and water, and the highest operation pressure is 1.6MPa. The gas flow rate range is 3~1000m3/h, and the liquid flow rate range is 0.05~8 m3/h. This article includes the structure introduction of the facility and the calculation of pressure loss of the system, etc. By the uncertainty assessment for the discussed facility, the conclusion is stated that the facility’s gas measurement uncertainty is 1% and the facility’s liquid measurement uncertainty is 0.35%.

Including Covariances in Calibration to Obtain Better Measurement Uncertainty Estimates

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-536
Author(s):  
Oscar Chinellato ◽  
Erwin Achermann ◽  
Oliver Bröker
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Uncertainty Estimates

MARSAME: Multi-Agency Radiation Survey and Assessment of Materials and Equipment

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Snead ◽  
Nidal Azzam ◽  
Colleen Petullo ◽  
Ramachandra Bhat ◽  
Craig Bias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Minimum Detectable Concentration ◽  
Measurement Quality ◽  
Uncertainty Measurement ◽  
Uncertainty Estimates ◽  
The Right ◽  
The U.S

The MARSAME manual is a technical resource that describes processes and methods for the measurement of radionuclides in or on materials and equipment. These methods and processes are used to make the decision that a radionuclide is present and, if so, how to quantify the amount and its uncertainty. They are also used to make the decision that no radionuclide more than background is present. The MARSAME manual is technically defensible, and endorsed by the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The MARSAME manual was published in January 2009, and is available for download from the following website: http://www.epa.gov/rpdweb00/marssim/marsame.html. The MARSAME manual is a supplement to the MARSSIM manual, and closely follows the concepts and processes developed therein. The MARSSIM manual describes processes and methods for the measurement of radionuclides on the surfaces of buildings and soils. The MARSAME manual follows the Data Quality Objectives process to describe the phases of: plan, implement, assess, and decide. A strong emphasis on the planning phases ensures that survey data are the right quantity and quality to meet the Data Quality Objectives and Measurement Quality Objectives for the survey. Non-parametric statistics are used as the tool to make decisions, based on hypothesis testing. Measurement uncertainty, measurement detectability, and measurement quantifiability are important Measurement Quality Objectives. Calculation of measurement uncertainty follows International Standardisation of Measurement Guide 98, and thus, uncertainty estimates include method uncertainties as well as counting uncertainties. The MARSAME manual emphasizes that detection is determined by the “critical level” and not the “minimum detectable concentration.” Adjustments to Poisson statistics are given for counting in a low background. The “minimum quantifiable concentration” specifies the relative measurement standard deviation, generally chosen to be 10%. Data Quality Assessment on the survey results ensures that they are of the right type and quality to support the final decision.

scholarly journals Carbon dioxide and methane measurements from the Los Angeles Megacity Carbon Project – Part 1: calibration, urban enhancements, and uncertainty estimates

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 8313-8341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristal R. Verhulst ◽  
Anna Karion ◽  
Jooil Kim ◽  
Peter K. Salameh ◽  
Ralph F. Keeling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Uncertainty Estimates ◽  
Carbon Project ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. We report continuous surface observations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from the Los Angeles (LA) Megacity Carbon Project during 2015. We devised a calibration strategy, methods for selection of background air masses, calculation of urban enhancements, and a detailed algorithm for estimating uncertainties in urban-scale CO2 and CH4 measurements. These methods are essential for understanding carbon fluxes from the LA megacity and other complex urban environments globally. We estimate background mole fractions entering LA using observations from four extra-urban sites including two marine sites located south of LA in La Jolla (LJO) and offshore on San Clemente Island (SCI), one continental site located in Victorville (VIC), in the high desert northeast of LA, and one continental/mid-troposphere site located on Mount Wilson (MWO) in the San Gabriel Mountains. We find that a local marine background can be established to within  ∼  1 ppm CO2 and  ∼  10 ppb CH4 using these local measurement sites. Overall, atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane levels are highly variable across Los Angeles. Urban and suburban sites show moderate to large CO2 and CH4 enhancements relative to a marine background estimate. The USC (University of Southern California) site near downtown LA exhibits median hourly enhancements of  ∼  20 ppm CO2 and  ∼  150 ppb CH4 during 2015 as well as  ∼  15 ppm CO2 and  ∼  80 ppb CH4 during mid-afternoon hours (12:00–16:00 LT, local time), which is the typical period of focus for flux inversions. The estimated measurement uncertainty is typically better than 0.1 ppm CO2 and 1 ppb CH4 based on the repeated standard gas measurements from the LA sites during the last 2 years, similar to Andrews et al. (2014). The largest component of the measurement uncertainty is due to the single-point calibration method; however, the uncertainty in the background mole fraction is much larger than the measurement uncertainty. The background uncertainty for the marine background estimate is  ∼  10 and  ∼  15 % of the median mid-afternoon enhancement near downtown LA for CO2 and CH4, respectively. Overall, analytical and background uncertainties are small relative to the local CO2 and CH4 enhancements; however, our results suggest that reducing the uncertainty to less than 5 % of the median mid-afternoon enhancement will require detailed assessment of the impact of meteorology on background conditions.

Experimental Investigation of CO2 Huff and Puff Process Based on Three-Dimensional Physical Models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Tang ◽  
Yiqiang Li ◽  
Zhihao Yu ◽  
Miaomiao Xu ◽  
Rui Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Tight Reservoir ◽  
Resonance Test ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Production Prediction

Abstract As an important enhanced oil recovery method for tight reservoirs, CO2 huff and puff (HnP) is getting more attention in recent years. It is urgent to systematically study the characters of CO2 HnP. Due to the limitations of numerical simulation, it is more reliable and reasonable to study the development characteristics of CO2 HnP through experiments. The objective of this work is to conduct comprehensive experiments to clarify the characters and main mechanisms of CO2 HnP process based on the three-dimensional (3D) physical models. A 3D physical experimental apparatus with circumstance of high temperature and high pressure has been developed, which is mainly used to support the models with a fixed confining pressure and temperature. Based on the similarity criterion of dimensionless conductivity, two different 3D physical models (30cm×30cm×3.5cm) with a horizontal well and fractures are made from outcrops to imitate the different reservoirs. Under these preconditions, some CO2 HnP experiments were conducted to investigate the development characteristics from the 3D physical models.Also,long core experiments were carried out to establish and verify the production prediction model, combined with expansion test, diffusion test and nuclear magnetic resonance test. The experimental results show that the development process of CO2 HnP can be divided into four stages: CO2 backflow, Gas production with attached oil, High-speed oil production and Decay. The main mechanism of oil production in each stage is different. With the increase of the cycle number, the recovery factors of both models first increase and then decrease, while the oil/gas replacement rates may drop rapidly. The fractures have been proven to increase the oil recovery from 21.2% to 36.7% after ten rounds of CO2 HnP. Based on the analysis of expansion and molecular diffusion, a production prediction model was established, and the average error between the predicted results and the experimental results is 7.7%, which has good applicability and accuracy. In this paper, some large-scale 3D physical model experiments with CO2 HnP for tight reservoir were elaborated. The development characteristics of CO2 HnP were analyzed, and a production prediction model was established. A lot of valuable experimental data and a better understanding on CO2 HnP process in tight reservoir have been obtained.

Formulation of Influence of Machine Geometric Errors on Five-Axis On-Machine Scanning Measurement by Using a Laser Displacement Sensor

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soichi Ibaraki ◽  
Yoshihiro Kimura ◽  
Yu Nagai ◽  
Shizuo Nishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Spherical Surface ◽  
Uncertainty Assessment ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
Geometric Errors ◽  
Laser Displacement Sensor ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Continuous Scanning ◽  
Five Axis

For on-machine measurement of workpiece position, orientation, and geometry on machine tools, five-axis continuous (scanning) measurement by using a laser displacement sensor has a strong advantage in its efficiency, compared to conventional discrete measurement using a touch-triggered contact probe. In any on-machine measurement schemes, major contributors to their measurement uncertainty are error motions of the machine tool itself. This paper formulates the influence of geometric errors of rotary axis average lines on the measurement uncertainty of the five-axis on-machine measurement by using a laser displacement sensor. To validate the present simulator, experimental comparison of measured and simulated trajectories is conducted on five-axis on-machine measurement of a precision sphere of the precalibrated geometry. For total 28 paths measured on the spherical surface, an error in the simulated trajectories from measured trajectories (properly low-pass filtered) was at maximum 5 μm. Uncertainty assessment demonstration for more practical application example of a turbine blade measurement is also presented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document