EAST steady-state long pulse H-mode with core-edge integration for CFETR

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianzu Gong ◽  
Andrea M Garofalo ◽  
Juan Huang ◽  
Jinping Qian ◽  
Annika Ekedahl ◽  
...  

Abstract Recent EAST experiment has successfully demonstrated long pulse steady-state high plasma performance scenario and core-edge integration since the last IAEA in 2018. A discharge with a duration over 60s with βP ~2.0, βN ~1.6, H98y2~1.3 and internal transport barrier on electron temperature channel is obtained with multi-RF power heating and current drive. A higher βN (βN~1.8, βp~2.0, H98y2~1.3, ne/nGW~0.75) with a duration of 20s is achieved by using the modulated neutral beam and multi-RF power, where several normalized parameters are close or even higher than the phase III 1GW scenario of CFETR steady-state. High-Z impurity accumulation in the plasma core is well controlled in a low level by using the on-axis ECH. Modelling shows that the strong diffusion of TEM turbulence in the central region prevents tungsten impurity to accumulate. More recently, EAST has demonstrated compatible core-edge integration discharges in the high βp scenario: high confinement H98y2>1.2 with high βP~2.5/βN~2.0 and fbs~50% is sustained with reduced divertor heat flux at high density ne/nGW~0.7 and moderate q95~6.7. By combining active impurity seeding through radiative divertor feedback control and strike point splitting induced by resonant perturbation coil, the peak heat flux is reduced by 20-30% on the ITER-like tungsten divertor, here a mixture of 50% neon and 50% D2 is applied.

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 (6-8) ◽  
pp. 490-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bécoulet ◽  
G.T. Hoang ◽  
J.F. Artaud ◽  
Y.S. Bae ◽  
J. Belo ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Rongliang Zhou ◽  
Juan Catano ◽  
Tiejun Zhang ◽  
John T. Wen ◽  
Greg J. Michna ◽  
...  

Steady-state modeling and analysis of a two-loop cooling system for high heat flux removal applications are studied. The system structure proposed consists of a primary pumped loop and a vapor compression cycle (VCC) as the secondary loop to which the pumped loop rejects heat. The pumped loop consists of evaporator, condenser, pump, and bladder liquid accumulator. The pumped loop evaporator has direct contact with the heat generating device and CHF must be higher than the imposed heat fluxes to prevent device burnout. The bladder liquid accumulator adjusts the pumped loop pressure level and, hence, the subcooling of the refrigerant to avoid pump cavitation and to achieve high critical heat flux (CHF) in the pumped loop evaporator. The vapor compression cycle of the two-loop cooling system consists of evaporator, liquid accumulator, compressor, condenser and electronic expansion valve. It is coupled with the pumped loop through a fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger that serves as both the vapor compression cycle evaporator and the pumped loop condenser. The liquid accumulator of the vapor compression cycle regulates the cycle active refrigerant charge and provides saturated vapor to the compressor at steady state. The heat exchangers are modeled with the mass, momentum, and energy balance equations. Due to the projected incorporation of microchannels in the pumped loop to enhance the heat transfer in heat sinks, the momentum equation, rarely seen in previous refrigeration system modeling efforts, is included to capture the expected significant microchannel pressure drop witnessed in previous experimental investigations. Electronic expansion valve, compressor, pump, and liquid accumulators are modeled as static components due to their much faster dynamics compared with heat exchangers. The steady-state model can be used for static system design that includes determining the total refrigerant charge in the vapor compression cycle and the pumped loop to accommodate the varying heat load, sizing of various components, and parametric studies to optimize the operating conditions for a given heat load. The effect of pumped loop pressure level, heat exchangers geometries, pumped loop refrigerant selection, and placement of the pump (upstream or downstream of the evaporator) are studied. The two-loop cooling system structure shows both improved coefficient of performance (COP) and CHF overthe single loop vapor compression cycle investigated earlier by authors for high heat flux removal.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyun Wang ◽  
Xueqiao Xu ◽  
Philip B Snyder ◽  
Zeyu Li

Abstract The BOUT++ six-field turbulence code is used to simulate the ITER 11.5MA hybrid scenario and a brief comparison is made among ITER baseline, hybrid and steady-state operation (SSO) scenarios. Peeling-ballooning instabilities with different toroidal mode numbers dominate in different scenarios and consequently yield different types of ELMs. The energy loss fractions (ΔWped/Wped) caused by unmitigated ELMs in the baseline and hybrid scenarios are large (~2%) while the one in the SSO scenario is dramatically smaller (~1%), which are consistent with the features of type-I ELMs and grassy ELMs respectively. The intra ELM divertor heat flux width in the three scenarios given by the simulations is larger than the estimations for inter ELM phase based on Goldston’s heuristic drift model. The toroidal gap edge melting limit of tungsten monoblocks of divertor targets imposes constraints on ELM energy loss, giving that the ELM energy loss fraction should be smaller than 0.4%, 1.0%, and 1.2% for ITER baseline, hybrid and SSO scenarios, correspondingly. The simulation shows that only the SSO scenario with grassy ELMs may satisfy the constraint.


2017 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 03011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Ekedahl ◽  
Bojiang Ding ◽  
Xianzu Gong ◽  
Marc Goniche ◽  
Miaohui Li ◽  
...  

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Ehst ◽  
J.N. Brooks ◽  
Y. Cha ◽  
K. Jr. Evans ◽  
A. Hassanein ◽  
...  

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