Natural durability of raru wood (Cotylelobium melanoxylon) against subterranean termite attack

Abstract. Iswanto AH, Tambunan J, Susilowati A, Hartono R, Darwis A. 2021. Short Communication: The resistance of Styrax sumatrana wood of varying growth sites and stem axial positions to subterranean termite (Coptotermes curvignathus) attack. Biodiversitas 22: 3192-3198. As mega-biodiversity country, Indonesia consists of a large number of flora and fauna, including wood-destroying organisms such as termites. One of the native trees known as a resin producer is Tobanese incense (Styrax sumatrana). The existence of this species has been studied for several wood properties such as physical, mechanical, and chemical properties, while its natural durability against termite attack has not been studied. As a country known as a haven for termites, the study on incense wood durability is very important for further utilization. The objective of this research was to analyze the natural durability of S. sumatrana wood from two growing locations and different stem positions using a graveyard test. The Graveyard test method was used to investigate the mass loss and percentage of damage of the sampled woods. The test sample used is 2x2x20 cm3 in size. The sample is buried as deep as 15 cm and leaving 5 cm of the part that is above the soil surface. The distance between the samples is 60 cm. The results obtained from this study indicated that the incense wood originating from Pakpak Bharat and North Tapanuli districts can be classified as durable class V (Vulnerable category) and severely damaged (E category) with the respective mass loss percentages ranging from 22.03-31.70% and 18.46-20.79% and damage percentages ranging from 86.55-96.27% and 78.02-86.32%. In conclusion, the positions of the stem and the sites where it grows caused a difference in the natural durability value of Styrax sumatrana wood. The incense wood originating from North Tapanuli District had slightly better durability against subterranean termite attacks than that from Pakpak Bharat District, although overall the samples from these two sites fell into the same durability class.

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IDENTIFIKASI JENIS JAMUR PATOGEN UNTUK PENGENDALIAN RAYAP TANAH Coptotermes sp.

PERENNIAL ◽

10.24259/perennial.v6i1.195 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

Astuti Arif ◽

. Syahidah ◽

Sitti Nuraeni

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

Subterranean Termite ◽

The World ◽

Identification Of Fungi ◽

Screening And Identification ◽

Termite Attack ◽

Penicillium Brevicompactum ◽

Aspergillus Sp

Fungi have a great diversity and wide distribution at the world. It can be used as the alternative technology for controlling of subterranean termite attack, particularly genus Coptotermes knowned as the wooden destructive organism, by using entomophatogenic fungi. For the purpose of the study, several isolate sources were taken from some locations. The results show that eight numbers of pathogenic fungi was founded by screening and identification of fungi taken from 19 numbers of isolate sources. The pathogenic fungi were Beauveria sp., Penicillium brevicompactum, P. rubrum, Paecilomyces fulvus, Fusarium verticolloides, Pythium sp., and Aspergillus sp. Key words: Jamur entomopatogen, Coptotermes sp.

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Color change and termite resistance of fast-growing tropical woods treated with kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) smoke

Journal of Wood Science ◽

10.1186/s10086-020-01906-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yusuf Sudo Hadi ◽

Muh Yusram Massijaya ◽

Dodi Nandika ◽

Wa Ode Muliastuty Arsyad ◽

Imam Busyra Abdillah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Color Change ◽

Acacia Mangium ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Subterranean Termite ◽

Subterranean Termites ◽

Schleichera Oleosa ◽

Termite Attack ◽

Wood Resistance ◽

Tropical Woods ◽

Anthocephalus Cadamba

Abstract Smoke treatment can be used to enhance wood resistance to subterranean termite attack. In this study, kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) wood was pyrolyzed to produce charcoal. The smoke produced as a by-product of pyrolysis was used to treat sengon (Falcataria moluccana), jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), mangium (Acacia mangium), and pine (Pinus merkusii) wood samples for 1, 2, or 3 weeks. Following the smoke treatment, the wood specimens were exposed to subterranean termites (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren) according to the Indonesian standard 7207-2014 in a laboratory. The color change caused by smoke treatment was observed, and chemical analysis of smoke was also done. The results showed that chemical compounds of kesambi smoke predominantly consisted of acetic acid, phenol, ketones, amines, and benzene. The color of smoked wood became darker, less yellow, and a little redder, while a longer smoking period produced a darker color which was more resistant to termite attack. Smoke treatment enhanced the resistance of wood to subterranean termite attack, and the resistance levels were not significantly different based on the duration of the smoke treatment.

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An In-Situ Assessment of Wood-in-Service Using Microwave Technologies, with a Focus on Assessing Hardwood Power Poles

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11090568 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 568

Author(s):

Graham Brodie ◽

Deepan Babu Thanigasalam ◽

Peter Farrell ◽

Allison Kealy ◽

John R. J. French ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Field Experiment ◽

Mutual Coupling ◽

Microwave Field ◽

Electrical Power ◽

The State ◽

Subterranean Termite ◽

In Situ Assessment ◽

Termite Attack ◽

Power Utilities

Wooden power poles and their ongoing inspection represent a significant investment for most electrical power utilities. This study explored the potential for using microwave fields to non-invasively assess the state of hardwood power poles in a field experiment. Two strategies were assessed: 2.4 GHz microwave field transmission through the pole; and mutual coupling between antennae using a 10.525 GHz radar module applied to the surface of the pole. Both systems distinguished between sound hardwood poles and those which were compromised by decay and subterranean termite attack and infestation.

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Resistance of Smoked Glued Laminated Lumber to Subterranean Termite Attack

Forest Products Journal ◽

10.13073/fpj-d-15-00085 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 66 (7-8) ◽

pp. 480-484 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yusuf Sudo Hadi ◽

Mulyani Efendi ◽

Muh Yusram Massijaya ◽

Gustan Pari ◽

Arinana

Keyword(s):

Subterranean Termite ◽

Termite Attack

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Resistance of preservative treated mahogany wood to subterranean termite attack

Journal of the Indian Academy of Wood Science ◽

10.1007/s13196-014-0130-2 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 140-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. M. Fadillah ◽

Y. S. Hadi ◽

M. Y. Massijaya ◽

B. Ozarska

Keyword(s):

Subterranean Termite ◽

Termite Attack

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Medium Density Fibreboard Manufactured from Blends of White Cypress Pine and Non-Durable Wood Species Shows Increased Resistance to Attack by the Subterranean Termite C. lacteus

Holzforschung ◽

10.1515/hf.2000.099 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 54 (6) ◽

pp. 585-590 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

P.D. Evans ◽

S. Dimitriades ◽

R.B. Cunningham ◽

C.F. Donnelly

Keyword(s):

Wood Species ◽

Inverse Relationship ◽

Pinus Elliottii ◽

Slash Pine ◽

Subterranean Termite ◽

Medium Density ◽

Termite Resistance ◽

Mass Losses ◽

Termite Attack ◽

Cypress Pine

Summary Medium density fibreboards consisting of blends of the naturally durable wood species white cypress pine (Callitris glaucophylla) and non-durable wood species were manufactured in a commercial plant and subjected to a bioassay using the subterranean termite species, Coptotermes lacteus. A board composed of 30% cypress pine, 30% slash pine (Pinus elliottii) and 40% of the naturally durable hardwood species spotted gum (Corymbia maculata) was also manufactured and bioassayed against C. lacteus. The aims were to determine (i) whether boards containing cypress pine possessed increased resistance to termite attack compared to a control manufactured entirely from non-durable wood species; (ii) the relationship between the cypress pine content of boards and their resistance (if any) to termite attack; (iii) whether the termite resistance of boards containing cypress pine could be further enhanced by the addition of spotted gum fibre. There was an inverse relationship between the cypress pine content of MDF specimens and mass losses of the specimens during the bioassay; the percentage mass losses of specimens containing 11.4, 16.2 and 34.2% cypress pine being 20.3, 13.4 and 8.8%, respectively, compared to 32.8% for the control, which consisted of non-durable slash pine (80%) and hoop pine (Araucaria cunninghamii) (20%) fibre. There was strong evidence that the inverse relationship between the cypress pine content of boards and mass losses during the bioassay was linear, although a statistically significant quadratic (curvilinear) effect was also apparent. The addition of spotted gum fibre to boards did not increase their resistance to termite attack. Cypress pine heartwood contains a variety of extractives that are either toxic or repellent to termites, and the increased termite resistance of MDF containing cypress pine compared to the control is probably due to the insecticidal effect of such chemicals on C. lacteus. The incorporation of cypress pine fibre into MDF shows promise as an alternative to chemical biocides for increasing the resistance of MDF to termites. However, the response of termites to heartwood extractives varies between species, and therefore further experimentation is needed to test the resistance of MDF containing cypress pine fibre to attack by greater range of wood destroying termites under test conditions that more closely simulate field conditions.

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Evaluation of Discoloration and Subterranean Termite Resistance of Four Furfurylated Tropical Wood Species after One-Year Outdoor Exposure

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12070900 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 900

Author(s):

Yusuf Sudo Hadi ◽

Deded Sarip Nawawi ◽

Imam Busyra Abdillah ◽

Gustan Pari ◽

Rohmah Pari

Keyword(s):

Wood Species ◽

Untreated Wood ◽

Outdoor Exposure ◽

Subterranean Termite ◽

Protection Level ◽

Tropical Wood ◽

Minimal Weight ◽

Before And After ◽

Termite Attack ◽

One Year

The discoloration and resistance to subterranean termite attack of four furfurylated fast-growing tropical wood species were evaluated after outdoor exposure for 1 year in Bogor, Indonesia. For comparison purposes, imidacloprid-preserved and untreated wood samples were also prepared. Discoloration of all treated samples was measured before and after the furfurylation process. The wood specimens were then placed vertically to three-fourths of their length in the ground for 1 year, at which point they were evaluated for resistance to subterranean termite attack. After furfurylation, wood samples were darker in color than untreated wood, while imidacloprid-preserved wood was lighter. After 1-year exposure, furfurylated wood samples appeared to have the highest resistance to subterranean termite attack. These samples had minimal weight loss, indicating a substantial protection level. Imidacloprid-preserved wood had less resistance to termite attack, but was more resistant than untreated wood.

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