Temperature Field Acquisition And Data Analysis Of Coke Oven

Abstract Magnetic Resonance Thermometry (MRT) is a developing diagnostic technique that leverages advanced medical technologies to accurately measure the temperature of a fluid flow within and around complex geometries. The full three-dimensional temperature field obtained by MRT can be used to analyze heat transfer characteristics and potentially investigate thermal boundary layers near arbitrarily complex surfaces. This technique requires neither optical nor physical accessibility, thereby enabling a wide range of engineering applications. This paper describes the current state of the art for MRT measurement, detailing turbulent water channel tests, materials selection, scanning parameters, data analysis of time-averaged temperature measurements, and uncertainty estimates. The purpose of this work was to evaluate and refine the MRT technique to increase the accuracy of temperature measurements and minimize the error in fully turbulent flow measurements. In the present study, a plate with a vertical cylinder extending from both of its sides was placed between two channels, and a diagonal hole was drilled through the cylinder from one side of the plate to the other. This enabled fluid from one channel to mix with the fluid in the other. This experiment studied the mixing of two fluids at different temperatures. The upstream temperatures of each fluid were measured with thermocouples. Both flows were fully turbulent, and the colder temperature channel had a Reynolds number of 11,800. Tests were run with four different fluid temperatures for calibration and to determine any temperature dependence of measurements. Three-dimensional temperature field measurements are reported and details about data processing and procedures to conduct the experiments are provided. This work resulted in several notable improvements to MRT experimental methods. The test section and water channel were designed to limit the effects of thermal expansion in the stereolithography materials used for manufacturing the complex internal flow geometry. Multiple echo scans were used to minimize the effects of magnetic field drift commonly observed in extended scanning periods in MRI systems. Data analysis techniques were used to quantify expansion effects for both hot and cold flow cases. To quantify measurement uncertainty, the standard deviation of the mean was calculated at each data point across different scan numbers and confidence intervals established using a student t-test. An improved data processing code was used to filter data resulting in increased measurement accuracy and reduced uncertainty to less than 1 °C for most of the domain. Future work will further refine the experimental techniques to improve scanning procedures, employ high conductivity ceramics and larger geometries with relevant applications, and simplify data processing methods to generate full-field flow temperature data.

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Characteristics and Application of Temperature-Field Emitters

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100114347 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 144-145

Author(s):

N. Tamura ◽

T. Goto ◽

Y. Harada

Keyword(s):

Temperature Field ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Field Emission ◽

Resolving Power ◽

High Brightness ◽

Field Emitters ◽

Emission Electron ◽

Sufficient Stability ◽

Scanning Electron ◽

Illuminating System

On account of its high brightness, the field emission electron source has the advantage that it provides the conventional electron microscope with highly coherent illuminating system and that it directly improves the, resolving power of the scanning electron microscope. The present authors have reported some results obtained with a 100 kV field emission electron microscope.It has been proven, furthermore, that the tungsten emitter as a temperature field emission source can be utilized with a sufficient stability under a modest vacuum of 10-8 ~ 10-9 Torr. The present paper is concerned with an extension of our study on the characteristics of the temperature field emitters.

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Microchemical imaging in biomedical research

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100130225 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 1118-1119

Author(s):

P. Ingram

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Electron Probe ◽

The Other ◽

X Ray ◽

Cell Element ◽

Physiological Information ◽

Functional States ◽

Elemental Maps ◽

Electron Energy Loss ◽

Secondary Ion

It is well established that unique physiological information can be obtained by rapidly freezing cells in various functional states and analyzing the cell element content and distribution by electron probe x-ray microanalysis. (The other techniques of microanalysis that are amenable to imaging, such as electron energy loss spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, particle induced x-ray emission etc., are not addressed in this tutorial.) However, the usual processes of data acquisition are labor intensive and lengthy, requiring that x-ray counts be collected from individually selected regions of each cell in question and that data analysis be performed subsequent to data collection. A judicious combination of quantitative elemental maps and static raster probes adds not only an additional overall perception of what is occurring during a particular biological manipulation or event, but substantially increases data productivity. Recent advances in microcomputer instrumentation and software have made readily feasible the acquisition and processing of digital quantitative x-ray maps of one to several cells.

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Multiple-fracturing and viewing of the same frozen sample at different depths using a low temperature FESEM

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100166567 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 820-821

Author(s):

M.V. Parthasarathy ◽

C. Daugherty

Keyword(s):

Temperature Field ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Field Emission ◽

Multiple Fracture ◽

Precise Control ◽

Cold Stage ◽

Different Depths ◽

Transfer Device

The versatility of Low Temperature Field Emission SEM (LTFESEM) for viewing frozen-hydrated biological specimens, and the high resolutions that can be obtained with such instruments have been well documented. Studies done with LTFESEM have been usually limited to the viewing of small organisms, organs, cells, and organelles, or viewing such specimens after fracturing them.We use a Hitachi 4500 FESEM equipped with a recently developed BAL-TEC SCE 020 cryopreparation/transfer device for our LTFESEM studies. The SCE 020 is similar in design to the older SCU 020 except that instead of having a dedicated stage, the SCE 020 has a detachable cold stage that mounts on to the FESEM stage when needed. Since the SCE 020 has a precisely controlled lock manipulator for transferring the specimen table from the cryopreparation chamber to the cold stage in the FESEM, and also has a motor driven microtome for precise control of specimen fracture, we have explored the feasibility of using the LTFESEM for multiple-fracture studies of the same sample.

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Perceptions of a Collaborative Professional Learning Program: Seeing the “Bigger Picture”

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/2019_persp-19-00041 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 290-303

Author(s):

P. Charlie Buckley ◽

Kimberly A. Murza ◽

Tami Cassel

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Professional Learning ◽

Social Communication ◽

Special Educators ◽

Service Providers ◽

Integrative Approach ◽

Theory Approach ◽

Learning Program ◽

Speech Language Pathologists ◽

Related Service

Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of special education practitioners (i.e., speech-language pathologists, special educators, para-educators, and other related service providers) on their role as communication partners after participation in the Social Communication and Engagement Triad (Buckley et al., 2015 ) yearlong professional learning program. Method A qualitative approach using interviews and purposeful sampling was used. A total of 22 participants who completed participation in either Year 1 or Year 2 of the program were interviewed. Participants were speech-language pathologists, special educators, para-educators, and other related service providers. Using a grounded theory approach (Glaser & Strauss, 1967 ) to data analysis, open, axial, and selective coding procedures were followed. Results Three themes emerged from the data analysis and included engagement as the goal, role as a communication partner, and importance of collaboration. Conclusions Findings supported the notion that educators see the value of an integrative approach to service delivery, supporting students' social communication and engagement across the school day but also recognizing the challenges they face in making this a reality.

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Communicative Performance of Adolescents with Severe Speech Impairment

Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders ◽

10.1044/jshd.5403.403 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 403-421 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Beth M. Dalton ◽

Jan L. Bedrosian

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Peer Interactions ◽

Consistent Pattern ◽

Clinical Implications ◽

Speech Impairment ◽

Communication Mode ◽

Mode Function ◽

Communicative Performance ◽

Therapy Room ◽

Communication Board

The communicative performance of 4 preoperational-level adolescents, using limited speech, gestures, and communication board techniques, was examined in a two-part investigation. In Part 1, each subject participated in an academic interaction with a teacher in a therapy room. Data were transcribed and coded for communication mode, function, and role. Two subjects were found to predominantly use the speech mode, while the remaining 2 predominantly used board and one other mode. The majority of productions consisted of responses to requests, and the initiator role was infrequently occupied. These findings were similar to those reported in previous investigations conducted in classroom settings. In Part 2, another examination of the communicative performance of these subjects was conducted in spontaneous interactions involving speaking and nonspeaking peers in a therapy room. Using the same data analysis procedures, gesture and speech modes predominated for 3 of the subjects in the nonspeaking peer interactions. The remaining subject exhibited minimal interaction. No consistent pattern of mode usage was exhibited across the speaking peer interactions. In the nonspeaking peer interactions, requests predominated. In contrast, a variety of communication functions was exhibited in the speaking peer interactions. Both the initiator and the maintainer roles were occupied in the majority of interactions. Pertinent variables and clinical implications are discussed.

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